Separation of dipetroselin from the coriander extracts / Ibtisam Abdul Wahab and Hannis Fadzillah Mohsin

This research is about the natural product of coriander, or the Coriandrumspecies. The bioactive molecules and the health effects of this plant areconstantly discussed. This paper is parallel with those publications,investigating the composition of the herb. The results of current studyindicates that the Coriandrum seed is a source of fatty acids. From thepublications, petroselinic acid or (6Z)-octadecenoic acid, is the major fattyacid in the coriander extracts. Previous articles reported on coriander’schemical constituents, biological activities of the coriander’s seeds andleaves, as well as the coriander products in the retail. Indeed, corianderhas a lot of uses either as a traditional medicines or spices. Different formsof coriander samples were subjected to a simple maceration by usingchloroform. From the chromatographic purification of the seed crudeextract, its component could include anisaldehyde, as one of the aromaticaldehyde. It is concluded that the lipid-containing fraction of the corianderseed could also consist of dipetroselin, a diglyceride

Identification of compounds from the Illicium extract / Fadzilah Haris, Hannis Fadzillah Mohsin and Ibtisam Abdul Wahab

This study is to highlight the various uses/benefits of star anise (Illicium species). It is regarded as the sole genus from the Illiciaceae, which originated from the Schisandraceae family. This plant is known as “bunga lawang” among the Malays. It has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine. The medicinal properties of the star anise include it being antimicrobial and antiviral. Previous publication mentioned on the anticancer attributes of Illicium’s essential oils against colon cancer. The star anise also can be used as an antiviral agent that led to the existence of drug, Tamiflu®. The objectives of this research are to review the Illicium genus and to report the separation of the compounds from the star anise seed. Standard analytical chemistry methods and high-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques were utilized in order to identify the secondary metabolites. From the literatures, the isolation of natural biomolecules from Illicium species could be achieved by using simultaneous distillationextraction and solid phase microextraction. Furthermore, the determination of volatile compounds could be accomplished via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Shikimic acid is also the target compound to be extracted, due to its role in the antiviral synthesis. The non-volatile component could be obtained from liquid chromatography. Finally, it is found that mixtures of trans-anethole, anisaldehyde and a triglyceride could be detected from the seed extract

Research on toothbrush trees leading to the social, environmental and business ideas / Ibtisam Abdul Wahab, Hannis Fadzillah Mohsin and Ayla Farihah Ibrahim

Salvadora or the toothbrush tree (miswak) originates from Pakistan, India, South Africa and West Asian countries. The fibrous branch is packed in a pen-shaped holder, as an innovative form and marketed internationally. This prophetic and endangered, medicinal plant genus is promoted by the World Health Organization. The extracts are now extensively used in dentistry. The products are manufactured in pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries, as the toothpaste, tooth gel and mouth rinse. In this study, a literature search on Salvadora is conducted. Both miswak articles and products are available online. The journals on Salvadora were systematically reviewed. Here, a parallel update of this natural resource, plus its business and entrepreneurship, are presented. A clinical trial was performed to investigate the effect of mouth wash, extracted from S. persica on dental plaque formation. The antiplaque efficacy of the miswak mouth rinse, in comparison to that of chlorhexidine, was recently published. Meanwhile, the chemistry of S. oleoides was studied. A number of molecules were isolated from various parts of the plant, including the leaves, seeds, stems and roots. They consist of salvadorin; a dimeric dihydroisocoumarin, phytosterols e.g. beta-sitosterol and its glucosides, fatty acids, essential oils, salvadoricine; an indole and the sulfur-containing organic substance, known as salvadoside. Nevertheless, artifacts could be produced, following the alcoholic extraction of Salvadora species. Attempts on the synthesis of analogues of Salvadora alkaloid were also made. It is anticipated that more research could be carried out for the economic benefit of this plant

Research And Updates On Kelulut Honey

The Prophet PBUH encouraged the consumption of honey. Nowadays, there are various types of honey all over the world. The honey composition from stingless bees or Kelulut honey is different since the honey's geographical and botanical sources are not identical. In this presentation, findings from the electronic literature search on Kelulut Honey is presented. The chemistry of the Kelulut Honey and consumer's behavior towards honey is provided. A suggestion on designing spoons containing Kelulut Honey is also included. It is hoped that the prophetic practice could be revived utilizing sadaqah, business and entrepreneurship of honey

The Fenugreek Herbal Tea Product for Women’s Health

This study explores the phytochemical review of a medicinal plant, called Trigonella foenumgraecum L. or fenugreek. It is known regionally as halba in Malay or hilbeh in Middle East. This traditional herb is used to treat dysmenorrhea, in the episodes of painful uterine contractions, during menstruation. Community retail outlets would provide this natural resource as polypharmacy, which involves a mixture of fenugreek and other herb, e.g. cinnamon. The pharmacological properties of the fenugreek were investigated, including antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimicrobial activities. Much information is available for this species, e.g. in the form of herbal capsule and tea product. From the literatures, laboratory experiments were conducted, in order to quantitatively validate the bioactive components. The isolation of its natural molecules, for example diosgenin, an important steroidal sapogenin, could be achieved without extraction. It is expected that fenugreek seeds could function as a mild galactagogue

The chromatographic separation of mangifera extract / Aimi Husna Ali... [et al.]

The phytochemicals and biological properties of Mangifera species are documented. The main constituents of M. pajang include gallic, p-coumaric and ellagic acids. The fruits of M. pajang possess antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer properties. The phenolic is mentioned as the compound that is responsible for the antioxidant property of M. pajang. In this study, the methanolic extraction of M. pajang and M. indica was performed. Based on thin layer chromatography (TLC), the presence of the phenolics in the samples could be confirmed. Comparative TLC was accomplished and the retention factor (Rf) of pyrogallol was recorded as 0.85. From the result, the TLC profiling of M. pajang and M. indica extracts were almost similar. In addition, the compounds of M. pajang extracts were analyzed from the 1 H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A mixture of ascorbic acid and a sugar moiety could be detected. On the other hand, the NMR signal for the metabolite of mangiferin was not observed. Therefore, the compound might not present in the sample

Uncang Lemuni sebagai produk Herba Warisan Tradisional / Amirah Mohd Ali ... [et al.]

Kertas kerja ini menekankan kepentingan lemuni (spesis Vitex) sebagai herba warisan tempatan.Di dalam amalan tradisional, lemuni diguna untuk rawatan selsema, cirit birit, asma dan sakit kepala. Ciri-ciri perubatan ekstrak lemuni termasuklah sebagai agen anti inflammatori. Farmasi komuniti turut menawarkan produk lemuni sebagai krim penjagaan pergigian dan tablet suplemen untuk melegakan simptom pra menstrual. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengulas penerbitan terkini lemuni serta penggunaan hasil tanaman ini di dalam bentuk uncang, yang belum diterokai. Literatur merumuskan molekul semulajadi dari daun lemuni diperolehi dari proses maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut akuas dan organik. Protokol pengekstrakan lemuni dan analisis kromatografi serta spektrometri adalah teknik untuk mengkaji sebatian kimia seperti polifenol. Inisiatif kajian uncang lemuni dilihat sebagai satu alternatif di dalam industri pembuatan makanan bagi memajukan penyelidikan herba Malaysia

Analysis of pandanus extracts by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography / Hannis Fadzillah Mohsin …[et al.]

The Pandanus species (Pandanaceae family) was investigated, in order to set up a library of their chromatographic profiles. From a literature review, the most common Pandanus plant that was greatly examined was P. amaryllifolius (the fragrant screw pine), followed by P. sanderi. Here, the chromatographic data from an extract of a relatively unfamiliar Pandanus is also presented. The leaves of P. monotheca were extracted by using methanol. Later, the extract was filtered, prior to a Reversed-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) experiments. The automated system was set to run by gradient elution (acetonitrile:water). The flow rate was maintained at 1 ml/min, otherwise stated in a number of attempts. The ultra-violet absorbance of the Pandanus’ constituents was measured via Multiple Wavelength Detector. From the chromatogram, the major peaks for Pandanus’ compounds were eluted (λ = 220, 260 and 360 nm) and the retention times were recorded. The lower absorbance readings of other minor peaks could be due to various minor secondary metabolites, such as the furolignan. The different elution time depends on the polarity of the composition. In short, Pandanus’ phytochemicals could be obtained via alcoholic extraction. The utilisation of modern chromatographic applications enables the scientists to discover and subsequently, purify single component of the complex natural mixtures. This finding can be beneficial to the research areas in botanical study, pharmacognostical assessment and biotechnology industry. It is aimed that more Pandanus species could be learnt for the futur