Identification of the essence of intelligence in problem solving based on pragmaticism’s theory of inquiry / Safawi Abdul Rahman

In Artificial Intelligence (AI), the issue of the essence of intelligence is disputable in which this issue leads to the difficulty in understanding the intelligence. This research enters the challenge of identifying the essence of intelligence by re-visiting the tenet of intelligent behavior due to that intelligent behavior is amenable to reflect intelligence. The investigation into the intelligent behavior leads to the finding that the process and intelligent process are the underpinning principle of behavior. The research progresses to identify the intelligent processes that are said to be truly intelligent. As a result, the problem solving processes are found to be essential source for intelligent processes because problem solving is the key for intelligence. By disregarding the existing problem solving frameworks, this study explores the Pragmaticism’s theory of inquiry, a general philosophical idea that penetrated many academic realms such as in AI since 1950s. The re-exploration of Pragmaticims’s abduction, deduction and induction yields seven intelligent processes namely invention, selection, entertainment, analysis, demonstration, operation and justification

Creating a Culture of Sustainability using Mission Statements of Cooperative Organizations

Mission statements are recognized as effective strategic management tools that influence firms’ performance. The evolution of a culture of sustainability begins with a mission statement that strikes a balance between financial performance and social commitments. The clear articulation of sustainability as part of the firm’s mission, values, goals, and strategy are key factors in fostering sustainability focused culture. This study illustrates the fundamental tenets of the culture of organizational sustainability model proposed by Galpin, Whitttington, and Bell (2015) using selected cooperatives in Malaysia. The contents of the mission statements were then analyze using the nine elements model by Pearce and David (1987) in findings its relations to and the existence of sustainability culture within the cooperatives. Findings from the study confirm building an organizational infrastructure that fosters a culture of sustainability results in positive employee and organizational-level sustainability performance. A reference was made to Bank Rakyat, one of the leading cooperative-based banking in the country for its outstanding performance.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Mission statement; sustainability; culture; cooperativ

Creating a Culture of Sustainability using Mission Statements of Cooperative Organizations

Mission statements are recognized as effective strategic management tools that influence firms’ performance. The evolution of a culture of sustainability begins with a mission statement that strikes a balance between financial performance and social commitments. The clear articulation of sustainability as part of the firm’s mission, values, goals, and strategy are key factors in fostering sustainability focused culture. This study illustrates the fundamental tenets of the culture of organizational sustainability model proposed by Galpin, Whitttington, and Bell (2015) using selected cooperatives in Malaysia. The contents of the mission statements were then analyze using the nine elements model by Pearce and David (1987) in findings its relations to and the existence of sustainability culture within the cooperatives. Findings from the study confirm building an organizational infrastructure that fosters a culture of sustainability results in positive employee and organizational-level sustainability performance. A reference was made to Bank Rakyat, one of the leading cooperative-based banking in the country for its outstanding performance

Systematic Literature Review: Information security behaviour on smartphone users

Information such as bank access, password, and location data stored in the smartphone has become the primary target for cybercriminals. As the users are frequently stated as the weakest link in the information security chain, therefore, there is a need to investigate users' security behavior in the smartphone context. Using the systematic literature review approach, a total of 48 research articles were analyzed to summarizes the developments of Information Security literature on smartphone users. The findings suggest, Qualitative Approach are most adopted approach and Protection Motivation Theory is the most adopted theory in this field. Keywords: Smartphone user; Information Security; Security Behaviour; Literature review. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by E-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC  BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behavior Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioral Researchers on Asians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behavior Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysi