Evaluation of Characteristics of Inpatient Falls in Rasoul Akram Hospital

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Estimating Stature and Gender by the Length of the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Fingers of Dominant Hand in Iranian Adults

Background: Stature and gender are essential parameters of forensic anthropology. Moreover, their estimation is critical for medico-legal investigations to identify unknown remains. The present study aimed to estimate stature and gender by the anthropometric dimensions of the Iranian population’s third, fourth, and fifth fingers.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 199 individuals (99 men & 100 women) were included. Individuals’ demographic information was recorded. A caliper measured the length of the fingers. An anthropometer was used for the measurement of stature. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS. A multivariate linear regression test was used to predict the stature of individuals based on finger length.Results: In males and females, a solid and positive direct relationship was observed between the length of the third, fourth, and fifth fingers of the hand with the stature of individuals and between the length of the fingers with each other. In the coefficient table of the regression model of this study, in males, the length of the fingers was not predictive of stature, and only the length of the third finger in females had a predictive effect on stature.Conclusion: According to the obtained results, stature is predictable in women through the third finger length using the derived regression equation

Investigating Emergency Nurses’ Awareness on the Differentiation Between Acute Methanol and Ethanol Intoxication

Background: Alcohol intoxication is among the leading and preventable causes of death, disability, and injury in numerous societies. Ethanol and methanol are the most commonly used types of alcohol. Increasing nurses’ awareness about the difference between intoxication with these two alcohol types will prevent the occurrence of dangerous and deadly complications of intoxication. We investigated the awareness of the nurses respecting the difference between acute methanol and ethanol intoxication in clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 2020 on the emergency nurses from two educational hospitals. A total of 100 nurses participated in this study. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, including demographic characteristics and questions concerning the identification and differentiation of acute methanol from ethanol intoxication. Moreover, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS v. 20 at the significance level of P<0.05. Results: The present research results suggested that 21% of the examined nurses had a low level of awareness (<7) and 79% had a moderate level of awareness (8-13). The mean score of awareness was measured as 8.71 (range: 2-12). Nurses’ awareness was not related to age, gender, the duration of working experience, and educational level (P>0.05).Conclusion: The awareness of nurses regarding alcohol poisoning is moderate. Due to the importance of differentiating ethanol from methanol toxicity, considering the outcomes of the patients, nurses’ awareness should be increased

A survey of demographic properties of patients who died in intensive care units and their association with the death hour

Introduction: Poor sleep hygiene and the hour of changing shifts are among the most important factors which affect the quality of services in the intensive care unit. The present study aimed to investigate the demographic properties of patients who died in the intensive care unit and their association with their death hour. Materials and methods: As a cross-sectional study, this study was performed by referring to the Statistics Center of Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital and collecting the demographic information of dead patients at 12 intensive care units in this hospital. This information includes age, sex, the cause of death, and the exact time of death of these patients. Results: In this study, the rate of mortality in intensive care units was assessed as follows; from 12 pm to 2 am (14.48%), from 2 am to 4 (5.49%), from 4 to 6 am (8.99%), from 6 to 8 am (11.32%), from 8 to 10 am (6.79%), from 10 am to 12 noon (8.03%), from 12 to 14 (6.04%), from 14 to 16 (6.93%), from 16 to 18 (7.41%), from 18 to 20 (9.47%), from 20 to 22 (8.1%), and from 22 to 24 hours (6.93%). The highest rate of mortality was between 12–2 AM and then 6–8 AM. In this study, a significant rate of deaths occurred during the night and the lowest rate was during normal work hours and in fact during the morning hours of visiting patients. Conclusion: Since the highest rate of mortality was during night hours, during the hours of changing shifts, and at the beginning of midnight, the mortality rate could be decreased with the decrement in staff's working hours and paying more attention to patients during these hours, the overall mortality rate of patients could be decreased in ICU units. Resumen: Introducción: La mala higiene del sueño y el horario de cambio de turno se encuentran entre los factores más importantes que afectan la calidad de los servicios en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las propiedades demográficas de los pacientes que fallecieron en la unidad de cuidados intensivos y su asociación con la hora de su muerte. Materiales y Métodos: Como estudio transversal, este estudio se realizó remitiendo al Centro de Estadísticas del Hospital Hazrat Rasool Akram y recopilando la información demográfica de los pacientes fallecidos en 12 unidades de cuidados intensivos de este hospital. Esta información incluye la edad, el sexo, la causa de la muerte y la hora exacta de la muerte de estos pacientes. Resultados: En este estudio, la tasa de mortalidad en las unidades de cuidados intensivos se evaluó de la siguiente manera; de 12 a 2 am (14,48%), de 2 a 4 am (5,49%), de 4 a 6 am (8,99%), de 6 a 8 am (11,32%), de 8 a 10 am (6,79%), de 10 a 12 horas (8,03%), de 12 a 14 (6,04%), de 14 a 16 (6,93%), de 16 a 18 (7,41%), de 18 a 20 (9,47%), de 20 a 22 (8,1%), y de 22 a 24 horas (6,93%). La tasa más alta de mortalidad fue entre las 12 y las 2 de la mañana y luego entre las 6 y las 8 de la mañana. En este estudio, una tasa significativa de muertes ocurrió durante la noche y la tasa más baja fue durante las horas normales de trabajo y, de hecho, durante las horas de la mañana de visita a los pacientes. Conclusión: Étant donné que le taux de mortalité le plus élevé était pendant les heures de nuit, pendant les heures de changement de poste et au début de minuit, le taux de mortalité pourrait être diminué avec la diminution des heures de travail du personnel et en accordant plus d'attention aux patients pendant ces heures, l'ensemble le taux de mortalité des patients pourrait être diminué dans les unités de soins intensifs

Epidemiologic study of burns in elderly people over 60 years old

Background: Burns are one of the most devastating forms of trauma worldwide. In the elderly, flame and scald burns, or scalds alone, are the major causes of burns, occur at home, particularly in the kitchen and bathroom. Because elderly burned patients suffer from greater morbidity and mortality than younger patients with similar burn extents, preventing burns is paramount to continuing functionality and quality of life. Burns are largely explainable by characteristics of both the individual and the physical environment. Our study aims to analyses the epidemiologic characteristics of burn in the elderly (above 60 years old) in Iran. Methods: Records of elderly patients (aged 60 and older) admitted with acute burns to the Burn Center of the Shahid Motahari Hospital, Tehran, Iran, between March 2007 and March 2014 was carried out. Patient demographics, etiology of burn, mechanism of injury, burn extent, mortality, severity of burn, length of stay in hospital, and outcomes were reviewed. The information was analyzed by SPSS software, version 18 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). T-test, oneway anova and K square were used. Results: A total of 374 elderly patients were admitted. Majority of the patients were men 231 (61.8%) and the number of women were 143(38.2%). The most common etiologies were scalds (20.3%) and (oil-benzine-gasoline) (19.8%). The mean age of the patient was 71.5 years, which was average in women (72) and men (70.5 years). There was a statistically significant difference between the mean age in both male and female groups, so that the mean age of women was significantly higher than men (P=0.004). There was a significant correlation between gender and (etiology, hospital stay-mortality) and between treatment outcome and (etiology and motivation) and between motivation and etiology (P<0.001). Conclusion: Boiling water was the main cause of burning in older women. Diminished senses, concentration disorders, slower reaction time, reduced mobility, and bedridden states may decrease elder's ability to identify fire and also to escape harm