Association between polymorphism in myostatin gene (MSTN) with quantitative traits in domesticated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using PCR-SSCP method

In this study the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) myostatin gene (MSTN) for detecting gene derived SNPs and performing genetic association study between MSTN polymorphisms and growth traits were analyzed. Twenty broodstocks of rainbow trout in Genetic and Breeding for coldwater Fishes center in Yasouj for generating full sibling were selected and tagged and then juveniles were raised at the ponds until 5 months post-hatching. DNA extract based on standard method and these individuals selected randomly for molecular analysis. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs: g.660T>C and g.1904C>A) in intron 1 and 2 regions of the MSTN gene in rainbow trout by were identified DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction single-stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) methods. The assessment results demonstrated that 6 haplotypes were revealed in this center. Moreover, association analysis indicated that the genotypes of SNP g.1904C>A are associated with the length and body weight at 90 and 150 days of age (pC and growth traits. Our results provided evidence that SNPs in MSTN gene may be associated with length and body weight at fingerling age and MSTN gene may be used as potential candidate gene for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in rainbow trout breeding program

Genetic diversity of Mahisefid (Rutilus frisii kutum Kamensky 1901) in different rivers of the south Caspian Sea using PCR-RFLP

Mahisefid is the most popular fish in Iran with the highest economic value. The analysis of mitochondrial DNA has been extensively used as a marker for population genetic studies and is a powerful tool in studies of gene flow and evolutionary biology. Two hundred ninety four samples were collected from Sefid Rud River (100), Lamir River (98), Shir Rud River (48) and Tajan River (48) during spawning season. Out of 24 enzymes tested, four enzymes, namely TasI, HaeIII, HinfI and HincII were selected for this study. In the present study, the haplotype and nucleotide diversity of Mahisefid in four important rivers where fingerlings are produced, were carried out by using PCR-RFLP at mtDNA ND5/6 region. A total of 20 haplotypes were studied so that AAAA and BAAA haplotypes had the most frequency. The average haplotype frequency of AAAA and BAAA haplotypes were 29.93% and 27.55%, respectively. The maximum nucleotide diversity was 0.94%, the minimum was 0.80% and the average was 0.88%. Divergence between Lamir and Sefid Rud River and Shir Rud was 0.2% and between Lamir and Tajan, and Shir Rud River it was 0.1%. The average evolutionary distance was 0.015. The maximum evolutionary distance was 0.294 between ADAA and AAAB, ABAB and BDBA, BBAA and AABB. The average number of bases surveyed was 121.2 and the average number of fragments was 30.30. The study suggests that there was a low genetic variability in four populations of Mahisefid in the south of Caspian Sea. Mahisefid population can be divided into two main clusters, the first clade consists of Shir Rud River and Lamir River populations and the second clade consists of Tajan River and Sefid Rud River populations. The clustering of Mahisefid populations was not in accordance with their geographical areas or river systems

Effect of different dietary protein levels on reproductive performance of paradise fish Macropodus opercularis

In this study, the effect of different protein levels, on paradise fish growth and reproduction were investigated. Thus, number of one thousand paradise fish (0.5 ± 0.01 g) were collected from hatchery bred brooders and divided into six group, each group was offered one of six experimental diet comprising different protein levels (25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% and 50%). After six month feeding period, the highest weight gain (5.96± 0.17), the highest weight gain percentage (90.8 ± 0.31) were submitted in the group fed 40% protein. Moreover, the highest feed conversion ratio (0.9 ± 0.3) as well as daily growth was observed in this group. In the reproduction, the highest eggs released by the group fed with diet containing 45% protein. The GSI and the egg diameter and larval length were highest in 45% protein group. The group of 25% and 30% the reproduction efficiency was the lowest. Protein increment up to 50% had no effect on reproduction performance. No differences were seen in biochemical composition and amino acid profile of the ovaries between groups

Induction of population triploid-interploid in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mikiss) using by indirect

Induced polyploidy is a suitable tool for producing sterile fish which made commercial benefits in the aquaculture industry. This study carried out in order to produce triploid-interploid population via mating tetraploid female with diploid male rainbow trout. Heat shock was used for making tetraploid population and the best temperature and induction time were examined. Result showed that highest mortality from 1 day after fertilization to emerging were in groups 6 of embryos (40.1%) and the lowest were in groups 3 (33 %). Flowcytometry results showed that some fish were polyploidy. Comparative analyze of genome levels in tetraploid fish to control fish (diploid) and hen as standard indicator, confirmed tetraploid fishes in this study. In conclusion we can state that heat shock induction for 7 minutes at 65 hour –degree after fertilization in 28ºC is optimum temperature for inducting tetraploid rainbow trout

Investigation of chromosome and ploidy levels of rainbow trout produced from imported eyed eggs

Rainbow trout is the main cultural species of coldwater fishes in iran. Often, aquaculturists intend to breeding in order to production of lines with higher growth rate potential and disease resistant. Nevertheless in the country, no trout breeding programs, has been performed yet and most of the farms focused on the cultivation of the first (unbred) race. While European countries progressed in trout breeding techniques and production lines with higher growth through genetic manipulation (chromosomal number and type changes of fish) and/or selection and their fish products derived from this technology, including eyed eggs and so on have sold to other regions of the world (eg: Iran). In this study, some biological parameters including survival, growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR.) and chromosomal number of two juvenile groups from imported( group 1) and native(group 2) eyed fish eggs were compared. For chromosomal investigation, blood smear test and flow cytometry were performed. sults showed a significant difference (P≤5%) in growth rate of native fishes and French group Native fish feed conversion ratio (0.9) was significantly difference (P≤5%) from that of French fishes (1.15). Chromosomal analysis showed no difference in chromosome number in treatments and two fish groups were 2n chromosome. Based on the results, the fishes of group 1 had faster grow potential and gain weight in less time than that of group 2 and this has been achieved to go through the process of selection and feminization without any change in number of ploidy. Whereas the ability of native fishes in food efficiency ( lower FCR.) was better. However, the reduction of rearing period is the benefit and preference of cultivation of imported or origionally foreign

Improvement of growth performance, digestive enzymes and body composition of Persian sturgeon ( Acipenser persicus ) following feeding on probiotics: Bacillus licheniformis , Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The individual and combinational effects of probiotics on Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) were evaluated through assessing the growth performance, proximate body composition, digestive enzymes and intestinal morphology. On the basis of feeding with experimental diets, the fish were assigned into four groups denoted as follows: control (basal diet), D‐Pro (basal diet + Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis), D‐Pro/Yeast (basal diet + B. subtilis and B. licheniformis + Saccharomyces cerevisiae), Yeast (basal diet + S. cerevisiae). Maximum mean weight and length were measured for the fish fed with D‐pro regime. weight gain (WG), body weight gain (BWI%), feed efficiency (FE%), protein efficiency rate (PER), lipid efficiency rate (LER), and condition factor (CF) demonstrated the highest values for the fish fed with the diets containing D‐Pro and/or D‐Pro/yeast. LER and food conversion ratio (FCR) showed the highest performance for the fish received the D‐Pro diet. The diets containing D‐Pro exhibited higher performance in enhancing the activity of protease and lipase than the one supplemented only with the yeast, whereas the regimes treated with the yeast exhibited higher amylase activity. The fish received D‐Pro exhibited the highest protein and fat contents, yet did the lowest contents of moisture and total ash. Taken together, the findings revealed that the dietary administration of the D‐Pro and D‐Pro/Yeast could improve the growth performance of A. persicus