Associations of learning style with cultural values and demographics in nursing students in Iran and Malaysia

Purpose: The goal of the current study was to identify associations between the learning style of nursing students and their cultural values and demographic characteristics. Methods: A non-probability purposive sampling method was used to gather data from two populations. All 156 participants were female, Muslim, and full-time degree students. Data were collected from April to June 2010 using two reliable and validated questionnaires: the Learning Style Scales and the Values Survey Module 2008 (VSM 08). A simple linear regression was run for each predictor before conducting multiple linear regression analysis. The forward selection method was used for variable selection. P-values ≤0.05 and ≤0.1 were considered to indicate significance and marginal significance, respectively. Moreover, multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine the invariance of the Farsi and English versions of the VSM 08. Results: The perceptive learning style was found to have a significant negative relationship with the power distance and monumentalism indices of the VSM 08. Moreover, a significant negative association was observed between the solitary learning style and the power distance index. However, no significant association was found between the analytic, competitive, and imaginative learning styles and cultural values (P>0.05). Likewise, no significant associations were observed between learning style, including the perceptive, solitary, analytic, competitive, and imaginative learning styles, and year of study or age (P>0.05). Conclusion: Students who reported low values on the power distance and monumentalism indices are more likely to prefer perceptive and solitary learning styles. Within each group of students in our study sample from the same school the year of study and age did not show any significant associations with learning style

The effect of resilience training on the occupational stress of nurses in the emergency department

Introduction: Due to their professional nature, nurses face many stressful situations, which affect their job performance. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of resilience training on occupational stress of nurses. Material and methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test groups, during which 60 nurses working in emergency department were studied in two (intervention and control) groups of 30 people. Thus, the intervention group received eight 30-minute sessions of resilience training over a period of two months, and no intervention was performed in the control group during this period. Occupational stress was assessed in both groups before the intervention and 1 month after the end of the intervention by the Gray-Toft & Anderson Nursing Stress Scale. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 22, descriptive statistical indicators, and RM-ANOVA statistical test. Results: Based on the results, the level of occupational stress had a decrease in both intervention and control groups after the intervention, but this difference was not statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study show that resilience training can be used in the field of nursing occupational stress, but it is recommended that in subsequent studies, confounding variables be moderated or controlled as much as possible

Knowledge, attitude and use of complementary and alternative medicine among nurses: A systematic review

Copyright © 2016 Journal of Integrative Medicine Editorial Office. E-edition published by Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd. All rights reserved. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This author accepted manuscript is made available following 12 month embargo from date of publication (February 2018) in accordance with the publisher’s archiving policyObjectives The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature to describe the knowledge, attitude and practice of CAM by nurses. Methods Three databases were searched for relevant studies from launch through September of 2017 and included MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of science. Results The average knowledge of CAM therapies by nurses was 62.2% with attitude about use averaging 65.7%. Close to two-thirds (65.9%) reported use of CAM therapies with patients. The primary reasons nurses suggested use of CAM were for stress and anxiety reduction and health improvement. Conclusion Current evidence demonstrates the need for nurse education programs to integrate and strengthen CAM content into existing curricula. Similarly, documentation of the nature and extent of nurse use of CAM therapies in the clinical setting, as well as patient-reported use and preferences for CAM therapies, would provide valuable prospective data

Learning Style Scales: a valid and reliable questionnaire

Purpose: Learning-style instruments assist students in developing their own learning strategies and outcomes, in eliminating learning barriers, and in acknowledging peer diversity. Only a few psychometrically validated learning-style instruments are available. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable learning-style instrument for nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in two nursing schools in two countries. A purposive sample of 156 undergraduate nursing students participated in the study. Face and content validity was obtained from an expert panel. The LSS construct was established using principal axis factoring (PAF) with oblimin rotation, a scree plot test, and parallel analysis (PA). The reliability of LSS was tested using Cronbach’s α, corrected item-total correlation, and test-retest. Results: Factor analysis revealed five components, confirmed by PA and a relatively clear curve on the scree plot. Component strength and interpretability were also confirmed. The factors were labeled as perceptive, solitary, analytic, competitive, and imaginative learning styles. Cronbach’s α was > 0.70 for all subscales in both study populations. The corrected item-total correlations were > 0.30 for the items in each component. Conclusion: The LSS is a valid and reliable inventory for evaluating learning style preferences in nursing students in various multicultural environments

Learning style preferences of nursing students at two universities in Iran and Malaysia

Purpose: Learning style preferences vary within the nursing field and there is no consensus on a predominant learning style preference in nursing students. The current study compared the learning style preferences of nursing students at two universities in Iran and Malaysia. Methods: A purposive sampling method was used to collect data from the two study populations. Data were collected using the Learning Style Scale (LSS), which is a valid and reliable inventory. The LSS consists of 22 items with five subscales including perceptive, solitary, analytic, imaginative, and competitive. The questionnaires were distributed at the end of the academic year during regular class time for optimum response. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare the learning style preferences between the two study populations. Results: A significant difference was found in perceptive, solitary, and analytic learning styles between two groups of nursing students. However, there was no significant difference in imaginative and competitive learning styles between the two groups. Most of the students were in the middle range of the learning styles. Conclusion: There were similarities and differences in learning style preferences between Zabol Medical Sciences University (ZBMU) and University Sains Malaysia (USM) nursing students. The USM nursing students were more sociable and analytic learners, whereas the ZBMU nursing students were more solitary and perceptive learners

Epiphrenic esophageal diverticula

Epiphrenic esophageal diverticula (EED) are rare. The estimated incidence is about 1:500,000/year. EED usually result from a combination of esophageal obstruction, functional or mechanical and a point of weakness of the muscularis propria. Most of the symptoms are unspecific, but dysphagia is most common. Chest radiograph, barium esophagogram, endoscopy and manometry are diagnostic tools. The treatment methods are conservative medical therapy, myotomy, diverticulectomy and fundoplication. In addition, endoscopic pneumatic dilation and botulinum toxin injection are a good alternative for symptomatic patients with motility disorders who are unfit for or unwilling to undergo surgery

The Challenges of Pre-Hospital Emergency Personnel in Sistan Area: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Pre-hospital emergency (EMS) is actually a community-based system that responds to the needs of the injured or patients with emergency and acute illness, outside health care centers until they are transferred to a health facility. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the challenges that pre-hospital emergency personnel face with. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using thematic analysis. Using purposive sampling, 12 pre-hospital emergency personnel in Zabol were included in this study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Braun and Clarke method was used to analyze the data. Results: The results extracted from the experiences of pre-hospital emergency personnel included four themes: emergencies as expectations of challenges, new challenges for old and new equipment, challenges of personnel conflict with needs and frequency of roles. Conclusion: According to the results, pre-hospital emergency personnel on mission work face with many problems. In order to improve the quality of services, pre-hospital emergency requires a reform of the organizational structure, reform of administrative rules and regulations, revision of educational programs, provision of the necessary facilities and equipment, employment of human resources needed, revision of the personnel monitoring and evaluation system, as well as providing welfare facilities for personnel

Challenges of COVID 19-Related Quarantine for Diabetes Type 2 Patients

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Thematic analysis of management behaviors of civilian nurses in Iran-Iraq War 1980–1988: A historical research

Background: One of the most important roles of nurses in the war was the application of management interventions, which led to provide better services for the wounded soldiers. The purpose of this study was to explore the Management behaviors of civilian nurses in the Iran-Iraq war. Materials and Methods: The historical research methodology and thematic analysis using in-depth interviews were applied to gather data. This study was conducted in 2010-2012 in five big cities of Iran, and involved 18 male nurses who were selected by purposeful sampling method. Results: The interviews of the nurses revealed a main category as the management behaviors of the nurses in the war. Six subcategories were obtained, namely call up for the war, establishing emergency teams, managing the therapeutic units, managerial innovation during war operations, teamwork and variety of roles of nurses in the war. Conclusions: This study demonstrated how the nurses adapted to the harsh a situation without any previous experience on management in crises such as wars and increased medical treatment facilities outcome using management principles