Evaluation of global hardness of atoms based on the commonality in the basic philosophy of the origin and the operational significance of the electronegativity and the hardness. Part I. The Gordy’s scale of electronegativity and the G.H.

Relying upon the fact that the hardness, like the electronegativity, is a qualitative property and there is commonality in the basic philosophy of the origin and the operational significance of these two fundamental descriptors of atoms in physics and chemistry, we have proposed to use the Gordy's ansatz, modified by Ghosh and Chakraborty, of evaluating electronegativity of atoms as the ansatz of measuring the global hardness of atoms in this work. The ansatz under reference computes the energy of attraction between the screened nucleus of the atoms and its valence electrons. This is our definition of electronegativity and global hardness of atoms. The evaluated new set of global hardness is found to satisfy the sine qua non of a reasonable scale of hardness by exhibiting perfect periodicity of periods and groups and correlating the gross physico-chemical properties of elements. The inertness of Hg and extreme reactivity of Cs and Fr atoms are nicely correlated. The chemical reactivity and its variation in small steps in the series of lanthanide elements are also nicely reproduced. The results of the present semi-empirical calculation find strong correlation with the results of some sophisticated DFT calculations for a set of atoms

Synthetic applications of benzothiazole containing cyanoacetyl group

The reactions of 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-oxopentanedinitrile with a variety of reagents have been investigated aiming to explore the synthetic potentialities of this activated nitrile in heterocyclic synthesis. Several novel pyridopyrimidine, chromenopyridine, oxazole, diazepinone, thiophene and thienopyridine derivatives could be obtained starting from 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-3-oxopentanedinitrile and plausible mechanisms for their formations are reported

The corrosion behaviour of uranium and other transition metals in relation to the properties of the surface oxide films

Imperial Users onl

Attainability of the fractional Hardy constant with nonlocal mixed boundary conditions. Applications

The first goal of this paper is to study necessary and sufficient conditions to obtain the attainability of the \textit{fractional Hardy inequality } $$\Lambda_{N}\equiv\Lambda_{N}(\Omega):=\inf_{\{\phi\in \mathbb{E}^s(\Omega, D), \phi\neq 0\}} \dfrac{\frac{a_{d,s}}{2} \displaystyle\int_{\mathbb{R}^d} \int_{\mathbb{R}^d} \dfrac{|\phi(x)-\phi(y)|^2}{|x-y|^{d+2s}}dx dy} {\displaystyle\int_\Omega \frac{\phi^2}{|x|^{2s}}\,dx},$$ where $\Omega$ is a bounded domain of $\mathbb{R}^d$, $0<s<1$, $D\subset \mathbb{R}^d\setminus \Omega$ a nonempty open set and $$\mathbb{E}^{s}(\Omega,D)=\left\{ u \in H^s(\mathbb{R}^d):\, u=0 \text{ in } D\right\}.$$ The second aim of the paper is to study the \textit{mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary problem} associated to the minimization problem and related properties; precisely, to study semilinear elliptic problem for the \textit{fractional laplacian}, that is, $$P_{\lambda} \, \equiv \left\{ \begin{array}{rcll} (-\Delta)^s u &= & \lambda \dfrac{u}{|x|^{2s}} +u^p & {\text{ in }}\Omega, u & > & 0 &{\text{ in }} \Omega, \mathcal{B}_{s}u&:=&u\chi_{D}+\mathcal{N}_{s}u\chi_{N}=0 &{\text{ in }}\mathbb{R}^{d}\backslash \Omega, \\ \end{array}\right.$$ with $N$ and $D$ open sets in $\mathbb{R}^d\backslash\Omega$ such that $N \cap D=\emptyset$ and $\overline{N}\cup \overline{D}= \mathbb{R}^d \backslash\Omega$, $d>2s$, $\lambda> 0$ and $0<p\le 2_s^*-1$, $2_s^*=\frac{2d}{d-2s}$. We emphasize that the nonlinear term can be critical. The operators $(-\Delta)^s$, fractional laplacian, and $\mathcal{N}_{s}$, nonlocal Neumann condition, are defined below in (1.5) and (1.6) respectively

Mapping gendered spaces and women’s rights in the modern egyptian public sphere

This paper draws on secularisation and feminist theories to analyse the intersection between political, religious and economic factors in defining the gendered borders and women’s rights in the modern Egyptian public sphere. However, this present study concludes that the struggle for power between Islamists and secular-oriented forces and the rise of interactive social media platforms in a patriarchal class society revived the heated debates on women's rights, gendered spaces and the role of religion in the public sphere. Discussions point to a wide range of Egyptians' responses to these issues and also suggest that a new feminist consciousness and behaviour are growing. This new feminist consciousness is more grounded in a socio-economic context than a religious one. Therefore, this study suggests a need for serious societal and legal discussions to re-actualise laws pertaining to women's rights and visibility in the public sphere. These laws and a pro-women discourse should cope with the current socio-economic context and individuals' needs and aspirations in their globalized societies

The employer\u27s civil liability for sexual harassment in the workplace "Comparative Analytical Study"

Sexual harassment spread widely in the workplace in this period, and although it affected women and men, its impact on working women was greater. This is primarily due to the economic conditions our society is going through and the abuse of power by employers. Sexual harassment is considered a gross violation of human rights, undesirable behavior and a form of violence against workers. In light of this, the research aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Egyptian and Iraqi labor law, the Saudi system, and some comparative laws in protecting the worker from sexual harassment in the workplace. In order to reach this, we followed the comparative analytical approach between Egyptian and Iraqi law, with the help of some other laws in this regard. And we concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important of which is to tighten the responsibility of the employer by establishing it to bear the responsibility of the risks in order to push him to provide a safe work environment, in addition to tightening the disciplinary penalties for the establishment in case of laxity, and this is achieved by not linking it to the number of employees in the establishment