Enhancing similarity distances using mandatory and optional forearly fault detection

Software Product Line (SPL) describes procedures, techniques, and tools in software engineering by using a common method of production for producing a group of software systems that identical from a shared set of software assets. In SPL, the similarity-based prioritization can resemble combinatorial interaction testing in scalable and efficient way by choosing and prioritize configurations that most dissimilar. However, the similarity distances in SPL still not so much cover the basic detail of feature models which are the notations. Plus, the configurations always have been prioritized based on domain knowledge but not much attention has been paid to feature model notations. In this paper, we proposed the usage of mandatory and optional notations for similarity distances. The objective is to improve the average percentage of faults detected (APFD). We investigate four different distances and make modifications on the distances to increase APFD value. These modifications are the inclusion of mandatory and optional notations with the similarity distances. The results are the APFD values for all the similarity distances including the original and modified similarity distances. Overall, the results shown that by subtracting the optional notation value can increase the APFD by 3.71% from the original similarity distance

A Comparison on Similarity Distances and Prioritization Techniques for Early Fault Detection Rate

Nowadays, the Software Product Line (SPL) had replaced the conventional product development system. Many researches have been carried out to ensure the SPL usage prune the benefits toward the recent technologies. However, there are still some problems exist within the concept itself, such as variability and commonality. Due to its variability, exhaustive testing is not possible. Various solutions have been proposed to lessen this problem. One of them is prioritization technique, in which it is used to arrange back the test cases to achieve a specific performance goal. In this paper, the early fault detection is selected as the performance goal. Similarity function is used within our prioritization approach. Five different types of prioritization techniques are used in the experiment. The experiment results indicate that the greed-aided-clustering ordered sequence (GOS) shows the highest rate of early fault detection

Islamic psychospiritual theory according to the perspective of Maqasid al-Sharia

Islamic psychospirituality is a discipline that combines psychological and spiritual elements based on Islamic principles. The Islamic psychospiritual approach that emphasises on the purificaiton process of the soul (tazkiyyah alnafs) becomes a necessity for man in order to ensure the well-being of his life and achieve happiness in this world and the Hereafter. This need is linked rather closely to the objective of legislating sharia law or the more popularly used term maqasid al-sharia in order to accomplish the good for all human beings. However, there are still gaps in the literature that discusses thoroughly the relationship between Islamic psychospirituality and maqasid al-sharia. Therefore, this article was conducted to discuss Islamic psychospirituality according to maqasid al-sharia. This study was conducted using full library research method for data collection and qualitative approach for data analysis. Based on the anylisis it was found that the relationship between Islamic psychospirituality and maqasid al-sharia can be seen from two views namely from the debates of al-kulliyat al-khams and al-wasilah wa al-ghayat towards the achievement of al-sa’adah (happiness) which is maqasid al -sharia al-’ammah (general maqasid sharia). Ultimately, Islamic psychospirituality plays a very important role in the development of insaniah which eventually leads to the guaranteed preservation of alkulliyat al-khams which is the main core of maqasid al-sharia

30 Years (1991 – 2021) Publication Trends on Disability and Higher Education Learning: A Bibliometric Review

Research focusing on disability in higher education is gradually receiving the attention from scholars around the world; however, the endeavor still scarce. This study was designed to identify issues which students with disabilities in higher education faced using the bibliometric review. Using Scopus database, 1865 publications on disability in higher education were disseminated between 1991 and 2021, from the perspective of publication trends, research areas, prolific source, most cited documents, co-authorship concerning authors, institutions and countries, and keywords co-occurrence. The review found an escalation of publications from 122 in 2015 to 160 publications in 2020.  It can be construed that the disability in higher education draws a variety of research areas.  United States scholars contributed 43.89% of the overall publications, leading another 89 countries.  Authors’ keywords of “students with disabilities”, “higher education”, “learning institutions”, and “special students” have substantially impacted the online search for information.  This bibliometric study offers a comprehensive and in-depth glance on the subject under study, which could assist academia and industry players

Crystal structure, spectroscopic and third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of linear fused ring dichloro-substituent chalcone isomers

Two new anthracenyl chalcone isomers namely (E)-1-(anthracen-9-yl)-3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one and (E)-1-(anhracen-9-yl)-3(2,6-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one were successfully synthesized using Claisen Schmidt condensation method. The compounds were then characterized by using IR, 1H and 13C NMR and UV–Vis methods. The dichloro anthracene chalcone isomers have been solved and refined using X-ray single crystal diffraction data and optimized at the ground state using density functional theory (DFT) method with B3LYP/6-311G++(d,p) level. The experimental spectroscopic data were compared with the calculated TD-DFT spectra, where the values are in good agreement. The most stable conformer of the chalcones is identified from the computational results. Both compounds also show a good HOMO-LUMO energy gap values of 2.96 and 3.14 eV. The dipole moment at the different ortho-para and ortho-ortho position are 2.71D and 4.58D, respectively. The difference in orientation of the ortho-para and ortho- ortho position results affect the dipole moments and NLO properties response of the compounds. The analyses of nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were performed by calculating the third-order nonlinear polarizabilities. Both compounds show reasonably good NLO responds with the magnitude and sign of the third order optical susceptibility was determined. Based on the measured nonlinear susceptibility χ3 both structures offers great potential in applications such as optical switching and other optoelectronics devices

How do you express yourself?

The IIUM SEMINAR SERIES are e-books based on Phase 1 Kulliyyah of Medicine, IIUM, MBBS student seminar presentations. As part of the curriculum, all students are required to present one seminar. Topics covered are varied and not necessarily related to medicine. This e-book is based on the topic of self-expression touching on the definition, importance and various forms of self- expression. It will also cover tips to enhance self-expression and some Islamic input on the topic

The structure-property studies and mechanism of optical limiting action of methyl 4-((4-aminophenyl)ethynyl)benzoate crystal under continuous wave laser excitation

This study focuses on the design of the new dye of donor-π-acceptor (D−π−A) system of methyl 4-((4-aminophenyl)ethynyl)benzoate (MAPEB) to highlight its structural-property relation through a combined experimental and quantum chemical calculation approaches for optical limiting applications. MAPEB was synthesized via aerobic condition palladium-catalysed Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction with good yield. This molecular structure was confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis and the crystal exhibits monoclinic non-centrosymmetric space group of Pc. The existence of intermolecular interactions was confirmed by Hirshfeld analysis, showing high contribution of C⋯H contact which suggested the high nonlinear optical response of the compound. The experimental spectroscopic data including Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, electronic absorption spectra, HOMO-LUMO energy gap were compared with Density Functional Theory (DFT) at 6–311++G (d,p) basis set. The experimental results complement the theoretical findings in supporting anticipated electronic properties of the molecule. Additionally, the z-scan analysis unveils an excellent value of χ3 of MAPEB in the order of 10−6 esu which indicate good nonlinear optical material under 532 nm continuous wave laser. Low optical limiting action was measured at 110 kW/cm2 which is suitable for various continuous wave laser applications. These findings prove that MAPEB has the potential to be employed as NLO materials for photonic applications