Risk assessment of marine accidents in Tanjung Pelepas Port limit due to reclamation of Tanjung Piai Maritime Industrial Park

This study is centered on the problem related to the reclamation work for the construction of Tanjung Piai Maritime Industrial Park in the Tanjung Pelepas port limit. The main aim is to identify the potential risk and probability of marine accident during the reclamation phases. The existing condition of the waterway had been used as the baseline to compare with future condition. For the purpose of analysis, Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) method and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) technique had been deployed, coupled with the AIS data and marine accidents report provided by Johor Port Authority (JPA) and Malaysian Marine Department (MARDEP). The result of the analysis indicates that navigational risk mainly originated from human error. Thus, navigational safety would improve significantly if the vessels follow the mitigation measures recommended in this study

Improvement of shipberth capacity for a container port

This paper presents a proposal of optimization of ship berth capacity for container port. Many aspects need to be taken into account in the process of optimization, which are waiting time, productivity of port, number of berth in port, and various sizes of container ships. The efficiency of a port depends on the speed of cargo handling. In this study, mathematical model had been derived to determine the required quay or wharf for a new port. The mathematical model can also be used to determine the required number of cranes in an existing port to maintain a good average waiting time. In order to determine the required number of quay, six elements had been considered in the equation of the mathematical model. The elements are arrival rate, overall length of ships, berthing time, number of operating cranes, average waiting time, and crane rates. Every single element is a dependent mode and inter-related to one another. The mathematical model was modelled using MATLAB, with twenty sample data, by simulation method. The findings were then compared to those of other researchers who had attempted to solve the problem using queuing theory and simple mathematical analysis. The results showed that the simulation is 85 percent more effective in determining the efficiency of a port based on the provided parameters. The main objectives were achieved, signifying that the sharing of cranes with adjacent berth is mainly used to maintain cargo handling rates at port

Bond durability of steel plate to concrete prism using structural adhesives after exposure to 7 years in laboratory environment

Structural integrity and durability has long been an area of study that is critical in order to ensure structures such as buildings, bridges etc. are safe enough to stand erected for many years. The technique of bonding steel plates to the surface of concrete using epoxy adhesives system has been used on a number of structures throughout the world to enhance load transferring capability. Deterioration in strength of concrete structures due to corrosion of steel can cause premature failure in existing structures or buildings. The objective of this study is to investigate the bond performance of steel to concrete using structural epoxy system. The sample at hand was prepared and left exposed for 7 years under normal ambient laboratory environments. This study focused on the outcome of bond performances of the bonded steel plate to concrete prism under pull out load. The sample (SPECS-7) that used in this study is approximately 7 years old with the steel plates surfaces was corroded and being compared with sample (SPECS-1) tested in 2008. The maximum load and maximum extension recorded at failure by sample SPECS-7 is 76.85kN and 3.04 mm at 181.8s which shows a decrease by 7 kN or 8% and 5.70 mm to 3.04 mm or 46% compared with sample SPECS-1 respectively. The extension comparison with SPEC-1 shows a reduction from 5.70 mm to 3.04 mm which is about 46 % less. There was significant amount of corrosion developed over the years which does not show to have affected the overall performance of the bonded system. Nevertheless, there was on average a small increase in bond strength with time although the controlled sample failed at a marginally lower load

Fabrication of low-cost, cementless femoral stem 316L stainless steel using investment casting technique

Total hip arthroplasty is a flourishing orthopedic surgery, generating billions of dollars of revenue. The cost associated with the fabrication of implants has been increasing year by year, and this phenomenon has burdened the patient with extra charges. Consequently, this study will focus on designing an accurate implant via implementing the reverse engineering of three-dimentional morphological study based on a particular population. By using finite element analysis, this study will assist to predict the outcome and could become a useful tool for preclinical testing of newly designed implants. A prototype is then fabricated using 316L stainless steel by applying investment casting techniques that reduce manufacturing cost without jeopardizing implant quality. The finite element analysis showed that the maximum von Mises stress was 66.88MPa approximately with a safety factor of 2.39 against endosteal fracture, and micromotion was 4.3um, which promotes osseointegration. This method offers a fabrication process of comentless femoral stems with lower cost, subsequently helping patients, particularly those from nondeveloped countries

Evaluation of warehousing productivity performance indicators by the FAHP method

A warehouse is an important component in logistics operation as it is a huge contributor to speed up and cost the supply chain management.To monitor the performance of the warehouse operation, management will analyse the measurement of warehousing productivity. The basis of measuring productivity performance in the warehouse is based on how much it cost to perform an operation by utilising the warehouse resources. The purpose of this paper is to rank the most important warehouse productivity indicator for improving the warehouse operation efficiency. By indicating the main warehouse resources and its sub-criteria, a hierarchy structure of ratio-based warehousing productivity performance indicators is constructed. It presents an empirical methodology of the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) method, an integration between the fuzzy logic method with an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. The results indicate that Warehouse Management System scores the highest weight value which followed by Storage Space Utilisation and Throughput accordingly. This contributes to grab more attention on the utilization of technologies into the warehouse operation. This article also identifies several additional research opportunities on warehouse performance evaluation assessment

Professional Engineer's Roles and Responsibility

This paper highlights the scope of engineering education and their relevant to engineering profession being globally practiced in various sectors of development. The main objective of this discussion is to create awareness on the importance of engineering education in terms of their contents in responding to the work place requirement. It is to know about engineering profession by and large and also their scope of works in relation to engineer's roles and responsilities. The contents of engineering education and their dynamic development provide the tools for engineers to play their signifant roles and responsiblilities accross a multidiscipline of engineering profession. The behavioral of professional engineers through a standard code of ethics should create engineers ability to troubleshoot problems under various circumstances and propose a solution through a number of approaches to the benefit of community, nation as well as global integration

Sustainable periodic navigation channel assessment initiative for restricted inland waterway

The nature of human activities has remain that one thing will always complement the other. Today the world is moving so fast and but the maritime industry from issue of cybernation of ship to environmental has been quite at low frequency with development. This nitigrity is due to so called conserve nature of the industry and of course, because concerned people are blithely unaware of frequency deviation of the new generation ULCC vessel and in relation with existing channel and port situation, likewise, the international organization, focus too much of their proceedings on vessels in the deep sea, and less on port status or waterway issue. This paper will address environmental, human, and reliability factors affecting our channel in relation to ships operations, channel design, ship design and ship maneuverability in restricted channel, the need for periodic cost benefit risk assessment of restricted channel against new generation of larger class of ships that are coming to the market. The need to generate maritime environment awareness in maritime curriculum through evaluative simulation and assessment of fictitious situation that reflect real life for our channels, deduce actionable alterative options, mitigation measure and recommendation for improving the safety of navigation and protection of the marine environment by enhancing cost effective channel maintenance and controllability of ship in shallow water and restricted water

Utilisation of inland water transport system in South East Asian region - an overview of the prospect

The development and upgradation of river system for transportation activities has been significantly important in many countries due to their economic and environmental benefits. A proper integrated river management system has been formulated to address for the increasing demand for transport capacity. Besides transportation, human also use waterways for irrigation, drainage, hydropower generation, flood control, watershed treatment, water supply for industrial and domestic consumption, leisure and conservation of wildlife. Hence, the various relevant authorities rigorously involved direct or indirectly in river management system to cater for this needs. Thus, river management system can be regarded as a multipurpose management system aimed at providing and managing the river efficiently for transportation activity. Strategic partnership between different authorities will maximise the well being of the river system to operate effectively. Where possible, different river tributaries can be connected within the country or region to create a waterhighway for economic as well as environmental prosperity between bordering nations in the South East Asian region where the existing of many mighty rivers such as Irrawady in Myanmar, Mekong in Vietnam, Rajang in Malaysia, Menam Chao Phraya in Thailand, Mahakam in Indonesia etc can be connected together for creating a grand water highway for cargo movement, passenger transportation, leisure and tourism. The European experience in creating the integrated inland waterways system for the region have been considered as a successful the model to be adopted. This paper discusses briefly on the prospect of IWT in the South east region in future as an integrated IWT system that for the economic as well as social well being

River restroration for inland waterways transportation system

Rivers provide substantial benefits for the human lives in a number of ways. Irigation, water supply system, drainage, angling, hydroelectric plant and ffansportation network are all a reality. In many countries, rivers are used for one or more pulposes while others use rivers for total dependent for all their dai'ly activities namely social and economical. However though, sadly to mention, still far too many countries neglect their dver system to a leve1 beyond expectation. Rivers used as a dumping ground for unwanted goods and more often than not, they have been physically damaged and destroyed beyond irrecoverable condition. When this happen, human and animal are the subject to disastrous situation. However, experiences from a nur-nber ofdeveloped nations who have gone through this bad episode suggest that river cannot be taken for gtanted. Planning, up-grading, redevelopment program have to be seriously considered and mdertaken before it is too late. Usually an integrated development plogram would enable the inland waterways including river network to be developed and used while generating substantial economic and environrnental benefits including transpofcation system. Models from United Kingdorr can tre depicted in their rehabilitation and restoration program. Transportation on inland waterways can contribute to the commercialization of water transport lor cargoes, passengers, sport, recreational or even tourisrr industries. Narow boat operation in U.K. is a clear example of this success progmm. This paper highlights the importance of rivers rehabilition and restoration program to be underlaken at national level by all relevant aulhorities in ensuring the optimum benefits generated from the activities. Similarly, this paper also highlights the issues and rnethodologies adopted and implemented for the program