Challenges on the Implementation of Cook-Chill System in School Foodservice

This paper aims to identify the challenges of the cook-chill system implementation in school foodservice. In this qualitative approach, data were gathered through interviews with food contractors in seven different school in Selangor. Three issues, including a lack of awareness about the cook-chill system, inadequate management, and lack of training, were discovered using qualitative content analysis (QCA). The respondents believed the system was better suited for airlines or hospitals than school foodservice operations, which produced a large volume of meals everyday. This study could contribute a better understanding on the complexity of the cook-chill system, particularly for the school foodservice. Keywords: School foodservice; cook-chill system; challenges; implementation eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.326

An investigation into methods and concepts of qualitative research in information system research.

This paper is an initial review of literature, investigating qualitative research, to show its relevance in information system disciplines. Qualitative research involves the use of qualitative data, such as interviews, documents, and participant observation data, to understand and explain social phenomena. Qualitative research can be found in many disciplines and fields, using a variety of approaches, methods and techniques. In Information Systems (IS), there has been a general shift in information system research away from technological to managerial and organizational issues, hence an increasing interest in the application of qualitative research methods. Frequently used methods are the action research, case study, ethnography and grounded theory. Review of each research approaches in qualitative methods, will be discussed. Important considerations in the methods are identified, and cases for each research method are described. Then we will present some benefits and limitations of each method. Based on the result, a framework of an action research was proposed and might be useful in starting a research project in information system using qualitative method

Pola grammar technique for grammatical relation extraction in Malay language

A basic sentence in Malay language is either a combination of NP+NP, NP+VP, NP+PP, or NP+AP. The language is a structure phrase grammar. The Context Free Grammar was developed by Nik Safiah (1993). However, in order to derive a parse tree for a syntactic process, the CFG was found to be complicated due to many ambiguities for part of speech. This paper shall introduce a pola-grammar technique that does not require lexical process of retrieving the part of speech for each word. The techniques used are the automata and the finite states. During the process, sentences will be grouped into an adjunct, a subject, a post-subject, a conjunction and a predicate. The predicate consists of a verb, a conjunction, an object and an adverb. An adverb consists of a verb, a conjunction and an adverb. These components which are in sequence order are called pola. The subject, the object and the verb can be identified by making use of the pola in the sentence. This can be done by spliting the sentence into its pola. The information in the predicate will be processed to get the verb and object

Towards preprocessing on criminal chatting corpus.

The importance of data cleansing is apparent with the advent meaning of the words collected during a conversation. In addition, noise, concise expressions and dynamic situation makes chat data ill-suited for analysis. Due to its often informal nature especially in short form language, this paper will present the importance of preprocessing steps of data collection before we proceed to the next stage of the research. Two processes of cleaning data are required in this research. First, the conversion of short form words to full English words and second, discarding all toggles found in every utterance of the conversation. The processing is to make the sentence more meaningful due to the suspect's target and expectation of intention. Results done by precisions, recalls and f_measure showed that the corpus need the conversion to be more meaningful. Furthermore, each word of the suspect's and victim's utterance is analyzed and treated as support evidence in criminal court cases. This research will consider criminal data chatting through Yahoo Messenger (YM) which involved the suspect's and victim's conversation collected in real time without any editorial changes in electronic discourse. However, chat messengers are in an unstructured format which always use short form languages. Chatters may use the typical language or use their own understood language during the conversation. Therefore, we propose the preprocessing phase for specifically chat data mining which involve text messages. The idea of the preprocessing is to prepare cleaned data called corpus criminal data and the cleaned data will be used in the next phase for identifying words classification, tokenizing, tagging, ranking and constructing the meanings

Automated marking system for short answer examination (AMS-SAE)

Short answers essay typed examination requires the students to write their answers in short sentences. Marking the short answers essay typed examination requires lecturers to compare the similarity of sentences from the answer scripts and marking scheme. Sentence similarity is defined as sentences that have similar meaning but they are different because of the words used or their construction structure. Automatic Marking System for Short Answers Examination (AMS-SAE) is a system that has been developed to grade students' answers based on the given marking scheme. Marks are given to the essays based on the representation of the Grammatical Relations (GRs) extracted from the sentences. The average point different between the marks computed by AMS-SAE and human are 0.049, 0.028 and 0.18. The results show that the scores are low and AMS-SAE could award similar marks as the human awarded

Crowd management strategies and safety performance among sports tourism event venue organizers in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor

High risk of injuries and accidents among attendees at event, especially Sports Tourism Event has become one of the major concerns to researchers and practitioners. One of the major strategies to ensure attendees safety is by practicing effective crowd management strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of crowd management strategies and safety performance practices among sports tourism event venue organizers in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia. The sample included 40 of safety or operation manager attached to sports tourism event venue organizers. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that the correlation crowd management strategies had significant relationship with safety performance. Since the findings may not have utilitarian value to other event venues in Malaysia, future studies might consider using a national sample rather than the local sample

The need of genetically modified (GM) foods for Malaysia food security

Malaysia could also be one of the countries that propose the need of GM Foods due the food crisis problem after facing with uncertainty of economic conditions recently and it could be a preparation for the Malaysian food supply system. This study empirically examines the level of consumers’ understanding and knowledge about food crisis and Genetically Modified (GM) foods. In this study, quantitative and qualitative methods or known as triangulation methods had been applied. Through quantitative methods, the questionnaire survey was developed to evaluate consumers’ understanding, knowledge and the perception of food crisis and GM Foods which are the main issues of this research. Using the qualitative approach, the face-to-face interview approach was conducted among experts of various areas such as biotechnology, economic and food industry and it provided truly significant and in-depth information for this study. The overall findings from this study could be streamlined and at the end it clearly indicates that during global and Malaysian food crisis, there is a need for GM foods and the scientific advance such as GM foods is important to deal with the long term needs. However, it is important to see a more focused initiative and systematic development for biotechnology in Malaysia. Thus, efforts to increase funding and improve coordination between government agencies, private companies, academicians and experts responsible for food assistance are all excellent initiatives that have to be looked into

Perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) of information technology application towards managerial productivity in fast food chain outlets

The usage of information technology in fast food chain outlets is to be pervasive and compulsory to improve organizational performance and strategic competitiveness. However, having technology available is not enough, it must be accepted and used appropriately by its target user group in order to realize anticipated productivity gains. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) of information technology application towards managerial productivity of managers who are attached in the fast food chain outlets in the Klang Valley area. A random survey with questionnaire method was conducted as a quantitative data collection on 326 managers from participating food chain outlets with regard to their acceptance of IT application leading to their productivity. The findings indicated that perceived usefulness (PU) have significant (positive) relationship on managerial productivity (MP). In contrast, ease of use (EOU) has insignificant (negative) relationship on MP. It has been concluded that perceived usefulness of IT application was influence the productivity of managers and on the other hand, the ease of use not influence manager's productivity in today's work environment. Based on the findings, it is hoped that this study will further enhance knowledge in the human resources field and training, with respect to managers' attitude and awareness towards IT application in restaurant operations

Determinants affecting purchase intention of organic food among medical employees

Organic food is natural food items restricted from artificial chemicals such as fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides, antibiotics, and genetically modified organisms. Thus, organic food is considered healthy food as synthetic chemicals are prohibited in its production. Organic food has become more common and in greater demand among consumers due to improved awareness of eating healthily. This study aims to identify the determinants that may influence customers’ purchase intention of organic food, such as knowledge, safety, health consciousness, environment, price, and availability of the organic food. Moreover, this study discovers the dominant factor that may affect the organic food purchase intention. The participants of this study are the medical employees of Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan. In finding the factors affecting organic food purchase intention, self-administered close-ended questionnaires have been distributed to 357 respondents. From the responses, the dominant factors that are affecting organic food purchase intention among the employees are price and availability of organic food. The results of this study may benefit from developing an effective marketing strategy for vendors involved in organic food marketing and help them comprehend their customers’ perceptions of organic food