The relationship between sleep and nutrition in message framing among college students

The college years are often depicted as a time of immense change, specifically in relation to college students\u27 level of nutrition and sleep quality. However, these health concerns not only impact college students\u27 health but also their academic performance, mood, and as a result their future. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether technologically enhanced health messages are more effective than the traditional text format for creating healthy behavioral changes amongst college students. Secondly, the study provides the opportunity to examine previous research involving message framing, specifically, regulatory focus theory and self-efficacy, in order to provide further evidence in relation to the most effective way to frame sleep hygiene and nutrition laden information. The frame of a health message refers to whether the message emphasizes the benefits of performing a behavior (gain frame) or the costs of not engaging in a specific behavior (loss frame). After reading two framed messages, one related to sleep hygiene and another related to nutrition, participants rated the extent to which they agreed with the messages as well as how persuasive they found the messages to be. Results indicated no significant findings, however, clinical and theoretical implications are discussed, as well as considerations for future research

Maneuvering Bilingualism: Long-Term English Learners

Long-term English learners (LTELs) are typically described as English learners (ELs) whom have been in a limited English learning program for five or more years and who have yet to be reclassified into the general population of students. For many of these students, their conversational English appears nativelike. However, their academic achievement is generally found to be lower than that of their monolingual peers. While many emergent bilinguals designated the LTEL label struggle academically, language, race, and class contribute to the systemic barriers placed in front of them. With consideration to negative labels and characteristics associated with LTELs, the purpose of this study is to investigate the linguistic choices that contribute the language repertoires of LTEL-labeled students. In doing so, a group of Hispanic/Latinx students at a suburban high school were surveyed within four domains and multiple variances in order to more fully give details to how, when, and why these learners use the languages in their arsenal

Looking at Resilience With a New Eye: A Nomological Network and Model

Resilience is an interdisciplinary construct examined at individual, group, and organizational levels. This broad disciplinary background has produced disparate and contradictory knowledge. In this paper, we develop a nomological network of resilience and other closely related constructs (agility, flexibility, stability, fragility, and rigidity) to clearly distinguish among these constructs, and thereby, we clearly define each of them. We adopt configurational principles to examine the relationships among these constructs and their antecedents, thereby developing a fuller and richer understanding of the nomological network. Doing so allows us to identify several antecedents to both resilience and its related constructs, allowing managers to focus their attention on “levers” to simultaneously bolster both resilience as well as other constructs that also enhance resilience. Finally, we outline several important paths forward for research

Toward an Understanding of “The Sex Game”: The Effects of Gender and Self-Monitoring on Perceptions of Sexuality and Likability in Initial Interactions 1

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/71418/1/j.1559-1816.1990.tb01475.x.pd

Rock Characteristics and Ball Mill Energy Requirements at Goldfields Ghana Limited, Tarkwa Gold Mine (TGM)

Mineral processing plants often experience changes in throughput; blending patterns, and rock properties. These changes can have great impact on milling operations. As mining progresses, new deposits are discovered, which may have different characteristics from the designed plant parameters, a situation requiring re-assessment of the plant operating parameters. Goldfields Ghana Limited, Tarkwa Gold Mine (TGM), processes ores which occur in conglomerate reefs. The competence of the ore was observed to increase with increasing mining depth. Other rock properties such as porosity, micro-cracks and gold dissolution were also observed to change with depth. It therefore became necessary to conduct a study to ascertain the effect of changes in rock characteristics on the performance of the existing ball mill. The study characterized the mineralogy and rock characteristics of the ores being mined from three pits and the results were compared with design parameters. The parameters examined had deviated from the design; Work Index (WI) for example was lower than design and required simulation and adjustment. Samples taken at the same depth from each of the pits showed that Akontasi Pit has the most competent ores, followed by Kottraverchi Pit and then Teberebie Pit. Furthermore, throughput was the most sensitive variable and easiest to manipulate to achieve the energy draw required. Simulations showed that a plant throughput of about 1665 t/hr, instead of the current value of 1500 t/hr would be most suitable as an energy draw solution.Keywords: Work index, Power draw, Computer simulatio

Isolated hip and ankle fatigue are unlikely risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury

Lower extremity neuromuscular fatigue purportedly increases anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk through promotion of extreme landing mechanics. However, the impact of fatigue on muscle groups critical to the landing strategy remains unclear. This study examined the effects of isolated hip rotator and triceps surae fatigue on lower extremity landing biomechanics. Sixteen healthy females (18–22 years) reported for testing on two occasions, with one muscle group fatigued per session. Subjects performed three single-leg landings onto a force platform pre- and post-fatigue, defined as an 80% decrease in peak torque in the targeted muscle group. Hip rotator fatigue was induced via alternating concentric contractions and triceps surae fatigue through concentric plantar flexion contractions on an isokinetic dynamometer. Initial contact (IC) kinematics and peak stance (PS) kinetics and kinematics were analyzed pre- and post-fatigue. Hip rotator fatigue increased IC ( P =0.05) and PS ( P =0.04) hip internal rotation angles. Triceps surae fatigue decreased IC knee flexion ( P =0.01) angle. Isolated hip rotator and triceps surae fatigue each produced modifications in lower limb kinematic parameters viewed as risk factors for ACL injury. These modifications, however, do not appear of sufficient magnitude to compromise ligament integrity, suggesting injury via an integrative lower extremity fatigue mechanism is more likely.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78722/1/j.1600-0838.2009.01076.x.pd

Stepping into safety: a systematic review of extended reality technology applications in enhancing vulnerable road user safety

Purpose: In alignment with the European Union’s Vision Zero initiative to eliminate road fatalities by 2050, leveraging technological advancements becomes crucial for addressing the challenges of vulnerable road users (VRUs), and for mitigating the impact of human error. Despite increasing scholarly interest in applications of extended reality (XR), a research gap persists, particularly in the role of XR in transportation safety. Therefore, the aim of the study was to fill this gap through a systematic literature review to evaluate comprehensively the potential scope and practical applicability of XR technologies in enhancing the safety of VRUs. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic review was undertaken, following PRISMA guidelines meticulously, in which 80 relevant articles from databases, such as Scopus and Science Direct, were identified and analysed. Findings: The results of the analysis revealed the potential of XR beyond pedestrians and cyclists, and highlighted a lack of research about the impact of XR with regard to the personal traits or abilities of VRUs. The results of a thorough analysis confirmed the potential of XR as a promising solution for an approach to collaborative co-creation in addressing the safety challenges of VRUs. In addition, the integration of eye-tracking with virtual reality emerged as a promising innovation for enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users. Research limitations/implications: Theoretical implications include enhancing the understanding of applications of XR in VRUs’ safety and providing insights into future research possibilities and methodological approaches. Valuable insights into search strategies and inclusion-exclusion criteria can guide future research methodologies. Practical implications: Practically, the findings from the study offer insights to assist urban planners and transportation authorities in incorporating XR technologies effectively for VRUs safety. Identifying areas for further development of XR technology could inspire innovation and investment in solutions designed to meet the safety needs of VRUs, such as enhanced visualisation tools and immersive training simulations. Originality/value: The findings of previous research underscore the vast potential of XR technologies within the built environment, yet their utilisation remains limited in the urban transport sector. The intricacies of urban traffic scenarios pose significant challenges for VRUs, making participation in mobility studies hazardous. Hence, it is crucial to explore the scope of emerging technologies in addressing VRUs issues as a pre-requisite for establishing comprehensive safety measures

Quantifying error in effect size estimates in attention, executive function, and implicit learning

Accurate quantification of effect sizes has the power to motivate theory and reduce misinvestment of scientific resources by informing power calculations during study planning. However, a combination of publication bias and small sample sizes (∼ N = 25) hampers certainty in current effect size estimates. We sought to determine the extent to which sample sizes may produce errors in effect size estimates for four commonly used paradigms assessing attention, executive function, and implicit learning (attentional blink, multitasking, contextual cueing, and serial response task). We combined a large data set with a bootstrapping approach to simulate 1,000 experiments across a range of N (13-313). Beyond quantifying the effect size and statistical power that can be anticipated for each study design, we demonstrate that experiments with lower N may double or triple information loss. We also show that basing power calculations on effect sizes from similar studies yields a problematically imprecise estimate between 40% and 67% of the time, given commonly used sample sizes. Last, we show that skewness of intersubject behavioral effects may serve as a predictor of an erroneous estimate. We conclude with practical recommendations for researchers and demonstrate how our simulation approach can yield theoretical insights that are not readily achieved by other methods such as identifying the information gained from rejecting the null hypothesis and quantifying the contribution of individual variation to error in effect size estimates. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved). </p

Neural Excitability and Joint Laxity in Chronic Ankle Instability, Coper, and Control Groups

Neuromuscular and mechanical deficiencies are commonly studied in participants with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Few investigators have attempted to comprehensively consider sensorimotor and mechanical differences among people with CAI, copers who did not present with prolonged dysfunctions after an initial ankle sprain, and a healthy control group