Coronary Calcium Scoring and Modifiable Coronary Risk Factors

Introduction: Non-invasive coronary calcium scoring predicts earliest atherosclerotic changes in the coronary arteries on the basis of amount of calcium deposited in the coronary arteries. This study was done to analyze calcium scores in patients with different risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted from 1st November 2015 to 30th April 2016 at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. Patient with cardiovascular risk factors were included in the study. These patients underwent coronary calcium scoring. Calcium scores were then compared with the presence of risk factors. Results: Total 467 participants were included in the study. There were 309 (62.2%) males and 158 (33.8%) females. Mean age of patient was 56.6 year (SD = 12.7). The difference in the scores observed with presence or absence of risk factors were statistically significant for gender, smoking, and hypertriglyceridemia (p<0.05) but not significant for impaired fasting glucose, hypertension, and body mass index. Conclusion: This study suggested that presence of traditional risk factors does not necessarily indicate high coronary calcium level

Text Classification Using Machine Learning Techniques: A Comparative Study

Text mining is drawing enormous attention in this era as there is a huge amount of text data getting generated and it is required very hardly to manage this data to grasp maximum benefit out of it. Text classification is an essential sub-part of text mining where the related text data is assigned to a particular predefined category. In our study, we discussed different classifier techniques which are popularly used in recent years. There is comparison between different classifiers like SVM, Na�ve Bayes, Neural Networks etc. which is expressed in a tabular form in this paper

PANCHKARMA MANAGEMENT OF SPASTIC DIPLEGIC CEREBRAL PALSY IN CHILDREN: A SINGLE CASE STUDY

Cerebral Palsy is a neurological disorder that affects a child’s movement, motor skill and muscle tone. The present case is of a patient having Spastic diplegic Cerebral Palsy which was successfully managed with Panchakarma treatment. A four year old boy complaint of global developmental delay with predominantly gross developmental delay, can’t feed himself, unable to sit without support, does not roll over, has age appropriate non-verbal communication was treated with Panchakarma procedures. The Ayurvedic diagnosis of the case was Shiro-Marmabhighatajsankochajanyavatavyadhi. We have formulated an Panchakarma therapy protocol to improve the condition of spastic diplegic CP patients. Result was observed in the form of GMFCS Level and significant changes in investigations

Pregnancy outcome in pre-gestational and gestational diabetic women: a prospective observational study

Background: India is considered the world capital of diabetes, proper care and management of the same is the demand of society. The present study is carried out to identify the disease burden of GDM/ overt DM among antenatal cases. The main objective was to study the maternal and fetal outcome of diabetes complicating pregnancy.Methods: The present study was conducted at Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College at Tanda, District KangraHP from October 2015 to September 2016. All antenatal cases were screened for diabetes by OGTT 75 gm, 2-hour blood glucose level as per DIPSI guidelines and labelled as GDM/ overt DM. Those who fulfilled selection criteria were enrolled in the study. A total of 6452 cases who attended antenatal clinic during the study duration and were screened were selected for the study. 116 cases were found to have GDM / overt DM. Seventy-nine had GDM with OGTT>140 mg/dl (DIPSI guidelines) and 37 had overt DM with 2 hours PP >200 mg/dl (WHO criteria). Total 100 cases comprised of study group were followed till delivery to study maternal and fetal outcome.Results: The prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy was found to be low 1.79%. GDM was found to be more prevalent than overt diabetes in pregnant women (66% versus 34%). Among the antenatal maternal complications observed missed abortion (11.8% versus 1.55; p=0.026), polyhydraminos (26.4% versus 10.6%; p=0.04) and preterm labour (17.6% versus 4.5%; p=0.003) were significantly more common in overt diabetics than GDM cases. IUFD (8.8% versus 0; p=0.014) was also significantly more common in overt diabetics than GDM case. RDS was found significantly higher in neonates of overt diabetics as compared to GDM mothers (14.7 % versus 1.5%; p=0.009).Conclusions: Early detection and good glycemia control by MNT and insulin, regular antenatal check-ups, patient counselling and compliance, intrapartum fetal monitoring and early neonatal care are keys to improved outcome.

Mitomycin C induces bystander killing in homogeneous and heterogeneous hepatoma cellular models

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide that is particularly refractory to chemotherapy. Several studies have proposed combination chemotherapy regimen for HCC treatment. However, these therapies are not effective in regressing tumor and prolonging survival of patient's suffering from HCC. Therefore, the development of more effective therapeutic tools and new strategies for the treatment of HCC are urgently needed. Over the last decade much attention has been focused on "bystander effect" as a possible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of certain human tumors. Interest in this therapeutic approach originated from numerous reports describing the radiation induced bystander effect. However, the knowledge about chemotherapy induced bystander effect is still limited. Hence, chemotherapy induced bystander phenomenon in hepatoma cells was explored by utilizing Mitomycin C (MMC).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>MMC induced bystander killing was observed only in hepatoma cells and it did not occur in cervical cancer cells. MMC induced bystander killing was transferable via medium. It occurred in co-cultured cells indicating the involvement of secreted as well as membrane bound factors. FasL and TRAIL were detected in the conditioned medium from treated cells. In medium transfer experiment, pre-treatment with EDTA (a broad range protease inhibitor) diminished MMC induced bystander killing. Following drug exposure, expression of Fas and TRAIL receptors increased and treatment with neutralizing antibodies against FasL and TRAIL inhibited bystander killing.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results highlight the therapeutic importance of MMC in the treatment of HCC and implicate role of membrane bound and secreted forms of FasL and TRAIL in MMC induced bystander killing.</p

PYOMETRA IN A JERSEY CROSSBRED COW - DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

The present report focuses on the diagnosis of pyometra and salpingitis by the use of transrectal ultrasonography and its successful treatment with administration of PGF2 α at 72 hr intervals

Health Informatics & Data Analytics as A Career Choice

Data analytics and informatics both have become essential for the success and reputation of healthcare organizations and with the current increasing demand for the same by such organisations, a career path seems to be full of success and blooming opportunities. Big data analytics in medicine and healthcare covers integration and analysis of large amount of complex heterogeneous data such as various -omic data (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, interactomics, pharmacogenomics, diseasomics), biomedical data and electronic health records data