168 research outputs found
Considerations for an Effective Telecommunications-Use Policy
Recent changes in federal telecommunications legislation have underscored the importance of an up-to-date and effective telecommunications-use policy in business organizations. With the proliferation of the Internet, intranets, and email as commonplace business tools, the potential for misuse and subsequent liability has become an increasing concern. Even though the recent Supreme Court decision struck down the obscenity provisions of the Communications Decency Act (CDA), it left intact legislation that effectively mandates development of a sound telecommunications-use policy. In addition to potential liability for systems misuse, organizations have also had to address issues of individual employee privacy within the new systems.
This technical expansion, coupled with the information privacy issues, has created a large gray area in organizational policy-making. What exactly should an organization formalize as a standing operational policy for day-to-day use of its telecommunications systems? As is evident, without a specific policy that addresses systems use, there can be no expectation of ethical and responsible use on the part of either an organization or an individual employee
The Threat of Long-Arm Jurisdiction to Electronic Commerce
Unfortunately for those whose businesses rely on the Internet, an increasing amount of legal conflict is also arising in reaction to this new business medium. As attorneys and the courts attempt to sort out the Internet’s legal status quo, both are considering such pressing substantive issues as electronic contracts, privacy, trademark, copyright, defamation, computer crimes, censorship, and taxation. It is imperative that information system professionals become aware of how evolving Internet law will affect the medium they are charged with administrating. An informed IS community is also much more capable of mounting legal and political challenges to law that might thwart continued development of e-commerce
Precision constraints on radiative neutrino decay with CMB spectral distortion
We investigate the radiative decay of the cosmic neutrino background, and its
impact on the spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) that is known
to be a nearly perfect black body. We derive exact formulae for the decay of a
heavier neutrino into a lighter neutrino and a photon, , and of absorption as its inverse, , by
accounting for the precise form of the neutrino momentum distribution. Our
calculations show that if the neutrinos are heavier than eV,
the exact formulae give results that differ by 50%, compared with
approximate ones where neutrinos are assumed to be at rest. We also find that
spectral distortion due to absorption is more important for heavy neutrino
masses (by a factor of 10 going from a neutrino mass of 0.01 eV to 0.1
eV). By analyzing the CMB spectral data measured with COBE-FIRAS, we obtain
lower limits on the neutrino lifetime of s
(95% C.L.) for the smaller mass splitting and s for the larger mass splitting. These represent up to one order of
magnitude improvement over previous CMB constraints. With future CMB
experiments such as PIXIE, these limits will improve by roughly 4 orders of
magnitude. This translates to a projected upper limit on the neutrino magnetic
moment (for certain neutrino masses and decay modes) of , where is the Bohr magneton. Such constraints would
make future precision CMB measurements competitive with lab-based constraints
on neutrino magnetic moments.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures. v2: Added a number of references and
clarifications. Matches version published in PR
Економіко-правове забезпечення формування та реалізації соціальної політики держави, регіону, міста
У статті визначено потребу послідовного правового забезпечення формування та реалізації соціальної політики в багаторівневій системі управління. Обґрунтовано зміст та особливості соціальної політики залежно від рівня управління. Сформульовано пропозиції з удосконалення соціальної політики держави та її регіонів, виконано їх правову регламентацію
Cocrystal structure of a class-I preQ1 riboswitch reveals a pseudoknot recognizing an essential hypermodified nucleobase
Riboswitches are mRNA domains that bind metabolites and modulate gene expression in cis. We report cocrystal structures of a remarkably compact riboswitch (34 nucleotides suffice for ligand recognition) from Bacillus subtilis selective for the essential nucleobase preQ1 (7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine). These reveal a previously unrecognized pseudoknot fold, and suggest a conserved gene-regulatory mechanism whereby ligand binding promotes sequestration of an RNA segment that otherwise assembles into a transcriptional anti-terminator
- …