682 research outputs found
Static Charge Coupling of Intrinsic Josephson Junction
A microscopic theory for the coupling of intrinsic Josephson oscillations due
to charge fluctuations on the quasi two-dimensional superconducting layers is
presented. Thereby in close analogy to the normal state the effect of the
scalar potential on the transport current is taken into account consistently.
The dispersion of collective modes is derived and an estimate of the coupling
constant is given. It is shown that the correct treatment of the quasiparticle
current is essential in order to get the correct position of Shapiro steps. In
this case the influence of the coupling on dc-properties like the -curve
is negligible.Comment: 6 pages latex, 5 figures, espcrc2.sty, Invited Contribution to "2nd
International Symposiom on Intrinsic Josephson Effects and Plasma
Oscillations in High-TC Superconductors", 22-24 August, Sendai, Japan, to be
published in Physica
Charge imbalance and Josephson effects in superconductor-normal metal mesoscopic structures
We consider a Josephson junction the superconducting electrodes of
which are in contact with normal metal reservoirs ( means a barrier). For
temperatures near we calculate an effective critical current and the resistance of the system at the currents and . It is found that the charge imbalance,
which arises due to injection of quasiparticles from the reservoirs into
the wire, affects essentially the characteristics of the structure. The
effective critical current is always larger than the critical
current in the absence of the normal reservoirs and increases with
decreasing the ratio of the length of the wire to the charge imbalance
relaxation length . It is shown that a series of peaks arises on the
characteristics due to excitation of the Carlson-Goldman collective
modes. We find the position of Shapiro steps which deviates from that given by
the Josephson relation.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Character of electron reflection at a normal metal-Peierls semiconductor boundary
The reflection of electrons incident from a normal metal on the boundary of
the metal with a quasi-one-dimensional conductor containing a charge-density
wave (CDW) is investigated theoretically. It is shown that the reflection is
not of an Andreev character, as it was suggested earlier, but rather of a Bragg
character. This is due to the fact that the CDW is actually an electronic
crystal, and its wave vector is a reciprocal lattice vector of the electronic
crystal. The ratio of the intensities of the standard and Bragg reflection
depends on the phase of the CDW.Comment: 9 pages, no figures, revte
Subharmonic gap structure in short ballistic graphene junctions
We present a theoretical analysis of the current-voltage characteristics of a
ballistic superconductor-normal-superconductor (SNS) junction, in which a strip
of graphene is coupled to two superconducting electrodes. We focus in the
short-junction regime, where the length of the strip is much smaller than
superconducting coherence length. We show that the differential conductance
exhibits a very rich subharmonic gap structure which can be modulated by means
of a gate voltage. On approaching the Dirac point the conductance normalized by
the normal-state conductance is identical to that of a short diffusive SNS
junction.Comment: revtex4, 4 pages, 4 figure
Intrinsic Josephson Effect and Violation of the Josephson Relation in Layered Superconductors
Equations describing the resistive state of a layered superconductor with
anisotropic pairing are derived. The similarity with a stack of Josephson
junctions is found at small voltages only, when current density in the
direction perpendicular to the layers can be interpreted as a sum of the
Josephson superconducting, the Ohmic dissipative and the interference currents.
In the spatially uniform state differential conductivity at higher voltages
becomes negative. Nonuniformity of the current distribution generates the
branch imbalance and violates the Josephson relation between frequency and
voltage.Comment: 11 pages, no figures, revtex, to be published in Phys. Rev. Let
The main set of foreign exchange regulation theory
The paper is devoted to the study of the evolution of foreign exchange regulation
formation according to political and economic changes in the world. The common and
different features of "foreign exchange regulation" and "foreign exchange control"
have been indicated. The main stages of foreign exchange regulation process have been
identified and characterized.
The question of regulating the foreign exchange market as a necessary platform
for producing cross-border movement of currency values is topical in today's global
world
On Effect of Equilibrium Fluctuations on Superfluid Density in Layered Superconductors
We calculate suppression of inter- and intralayer superconducting currents
due to equilibrium phase fluctuations and find that, in contrast to a recent
prediction, the effect of thermal fluctuations cannot account for linear
temperature dependence of the superfluid density in high-Tc superconductors at
low temperatures. Quantum fluctuations are found to dominate over thermal
fluctuations at low temperatures due to hardening of their spectrum caused by
the Josephson plasma resonance. Near Tc sizeable thermal fluctuations are found
to suppress the critical current in the stack direction stronger, than in the
direction along the layers. Fluctuations of quasiparticle branch imbalance make
the spectral density of voltage fluctuations at small frequencies non zero, in
contrast to what may be expected from a naive interpretation of Nyquist
formula.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX, RevTeX, Submitted to PR
AC Josephson Effect Induced by Spin Injection
Pure spin currents can be injected and detected in conductors via
ferromagnetic contacts. We consider the case when the conductors become
superconducting. A DC pure spin current flowing in one superconducting wire
towards another superconductor via a ferromagnet contact induces AC voltage
oscillations caused by Josephson tunneling of condensate electrons.
Quasiparticles simultaneously counterflow resulting in zero total electric
current through the contact. The Josephson oscillations can be accompanied by
Carlson-Goldman collective modes leading to a resonance in the voltage
oscillation amplitude.Comment: 5 page
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