Administration of hCG on the seventh day after initiation of estrus may circumvent negative effects of cervical relaxation protocol in sheep: Preliminary results.

Cervical relaxation with association of estradiol benzoate, cloprostenol and oxytocin allows a cervical transposition and embryo collection in sheep by the non-surgical method (Fonseca et al., Theriogenology, 86: 144-151, 2016). However, in recipients, the use of this protocol becomes impracticable due to the use of cloprostenol, which is a luteolytic agent. Sheep are known to form accessory luteal bodies after hCG administration seven days after the onset of estrus (Castro et al., Anim. Reprod., 12: 148, 2015). Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a cervical relaxation protocol in embryo recipient ewes without compromising future gestation. The data were presented in a descriptive way. Thirteen ewes were observed in estrus out of 24 females submitted to the synchronization protocol. The pregnancy rate were 75.0% (3/4) in G1, 0.0% in G2 (0/5) and 50.0% in G3 (2/4). Preliminary results suggest that the association of estradiol benzoate and oxytocin may compromise the onset of pregnancy and that the use of hCG at the end of the protocol in D7 can circumvent partially these negative effects, allowing the establishment of pregnancy

Transcervical embryo recovery in Lacaune ewes superovulated with different doses of FSH.

This study assessed the effect of different FSH dosages for superovulation and the feasibility of transcervical embryo recovery in Lacaune ewes. Ewes (n = 2 5) received 60 mg medroxiprogesterone acetate sponge (Progespon®, Syntex, Buenos Aires, Argentina) for nine days, 37.5 μg d-cloprostenol i.m. (Prolise®, Tecnopec, São Paulo, Brazil) 24 h before sponge removal and 50 μg gonadorelin (GnRH analogue, Gestran®, Tecnopec, São Paulo, Brazil) 24 h after sponge removal. The protocol for cervical relaxation was efficient to allow the transcervical embryo recovery of Lacaune ewes

Hyperbaric oxygen prevents early death caused by experimental cerebral malaria

Background: Cerebral malaria (CM) is a syndrome characterized by neurological signs, seizures and coma. Despite the fact that CM presents similarities with cerebral stroke, few studies have focused on new supportive therapies for the disease. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy has been successfully used in patients with numerous brain disorders such as stroke, migraine and atherosclerosis. Methodology/Principal Findings: C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) were exposed to daily doses of HBO (100% O-2, 3.0 ATA, 1-2 h per day) in conditions well-tolerated by humans and animals, before or after parasite establishment. Cumulative survival analyses demonstrated that HBO therapy protected 50% of PbA-infected mice and delayed CM-specific neurological signs when administrated after patent parasitemia. Pressurized oxygen therapy reduced peripheral parasitemia, expression of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-10 mRNA levels and percentage of gamma delta and alpha beta CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes sequestered in mice brains, thus resulting in a reduction of blood-brain barrier (BBB)dysfunction and hypothermia. Conclusions/Significance: The data presented here is the first indication that HBO treatment could be used as supportive therapy, perhaps in association with neuroprotective drugs, to prevent CM clinical outcomes, including death39CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informaçãosem informação2004/00638-

Synchronization of estrus with two doses of cloprostenol at different intervals and Artificial Insemination in dairy goats.

The present study evaluated the efficacy of two protocols for estrus synchronization with different intervals in order to use them in artificial insemination (AI) in Saanen and Alpine multiparous goats in June (end of the natural mating season). The animals were allocated into two groups, according to breeding, parity, and body condition score to receive two doses of 37.5 ?g d-cloprostenol (Prolise®, ARSA SRL, Buenos Aires, Argentina) latero-vulvar 7.5 (n=23) and 11.5 (n=25) days. No animal became pregnant after NM. In AI animals, conception rate was 69.2% (9/13) for T7.5 and 70.6% (12/17) for T11.5 (P> 0.05). Even at the end of the breeding season, the protocols were able to synchronize a significant percentage of animals in a short window of time, resulting in a high conception rate after AI

Intravaginal hCG administration increases pregnancy rate in artificially inseminated cyclic dairy goats subjected to estrous synchronization.

Pregnancy establishing after artificial insemination (AI) in goats depends on many important aspects, including time of AI, ovulation and premature luteal regression. The knowledge of ovulation in relation to estrus onset, ovulation induction and strategies to prevent PLR can be valuable tools to increase pregnancy rate. This study tested the effect of hCG administration on pregnancy rate in artificially inseminated dairy cyclic goats after estrus synchronization Results of this study showed that hCG administration associated to AI significantly increased pregnancy rates in goats after estrus synchronization with dcloprostenol, which can be a valuable and promising tool to be applied in field conditions

Advanced Technologies for Oral Controlled Release: Cyclodextrins for oral controlled release

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are used in oral pharmaceutical formulations, by means of inclusion complexes formation, with the following advantages for the drugs: (1) solubility, dissolution rate, stability and bioavailability enhancement; (2) to modify the drug release site and/or time profile; and (3) to reduce or prevent gastrointestinal side effects and unpleasant smell or taste, to prevent drug-drug or drug-additive interactions, or even to convert oil and liquid drugs into microcrystalline or amorphous powders. A more recent trend focuses on the use of CDs as nanocarriers, a strategy that aims to design versatile delivery systems that can encapsulate drugs with better physicochemical properties for oral delivery. Thus, the aim of this work was to review the applications of the CDs and their hydrophilic derivatives on the solubility enhancement of poorly water soluble drugs in order to increase their dissolution rate and get immediate release, as well as their ability to control (to prolong or to delay) the release of drugs from solid dosage forms, either as complexes with the hydrophilic (e.g. as osmotic pumps) and/ or hydrophobic CDs. New controlled delivery systems based on nanotechonology carriers (nanoparticles and conjugates) have also been reviewed

Effects of two d-cloprostenol administrations given at different intervals on estrus and ovulation in cyclic dairy goats.

Abstract: Goats are seasonal breeders depending on breed and latitude. Among the hormonal methods used in controlled reproduction programs, there are those that mimic the activity of the corpus luteum and those that inhibit it. Prostaglandin (PGF2?) fits the latter, with the advantage of having a better cost-benefit, since it is cheaper and more natural method, as it has fewer side effects than progestin devices. In addition, the literature is incipient regarding follicular and ovulatory data in goats subjected to PGF2? or its analogues. This study aimed to check in dairy goats the efficiency of estrus synchronization treatment using two doses of d-cloprostenol administered in different intervals, during the natural breeding season. The results quoted above suggest that the administration of dcloprostenol in cyclic dairy goats can efficiently synchronize estrus and ovulation and this fact encourages further studies using these protocols in association with Fixed Time Artificial Insemination in goats. [Efeitos de duas administrações de d-cloprostenol feitas em diferentes intervalos no estro e na ovulação em cabras leiteiras cíclicas].Edição dos resumos do XXIII Congresso Brasileiro de Reprodução Animal, Gramado, RS, Brasil, 15 a 17 de maio 2019