The EU Contribution to the Millennium Development Goals: A Case Study Assessment

The paper analyses the EU contribution to the achievement of the 8 MDGs in eight countries, by looking at the avaliable data for each country on each MDG and the contribution of European development aid towards the observed progress

From the Apennines to Spoon River. Stories of Migration From the Mountains of Bologna and Modena to America at the Turn of the Twentieth Century

This is a book of history, the history of a country that in the aftermath of its Unification found itself backward and deprived, poor and unequal, and that for a good part did not find any other way to emancipation than to emigrate in search of a better fate. This is a book of stories, hundreds, thousands of stories which together make the story of the exodus which was the Great Italian Emigration. On the tracks of Vittorio Ardeni who set off as a young lad to seek his fortune, following a group of people from Gaggio Montano on the Bologna Apennines who went to Le Havre and set sail for America to work in the coal mines of Illinois, the search widens to include the swarms of men, women and children who from that group of villages in the Bologna and Modena Apennines over twenty-five years between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, went to populate the American Midwest between the Indian Territories and the prairies of Illinois, in those valleys around Spoon River where during those very same years Edgar Lee Masters wrote his Anthology. They labored, toiled, sometimes lost their lives, more often found a new life, contributing to feed America\u2019s melting pot. Many of them stayed, immigrants in a foreign land, many others went back to their homeland, all of them up against the growing ruthless capitalism of the gilded age. This is a book of names and family names, where one can find the stories of grandparents and ancestors, five thousand stories of the people of Gaggio, Fanano, Montese, Lizzano and Sestola, of the mountain people from the Apennines who made the history of stray and floundering Italy, that same Italy which thanks to that exodus was able to take the leap towards modernity

Improved Support for Monitoring Development Goals. Country Case Study: Cambodia

Analysis of MDG indicators in Cambodia's PRSP: a country stud

Is There Trend Reversion in Purchasing Power Parity?

none2noThis study presents some empirical evidence on purchasing power parity (PPP) using residualbased co-integration tests. Engle and Granger's (1987) tests and the ratio of the variance of higher-order differences to the variance of the first difference of the residuals of the cointegrating regression are used. Monthly data, over a span of 30 years, do not provide any empirical support to the theory. Conversely, in the annual data long-run equilibrium tendencies are evident. Since PPP has been widely used to provide an anchor for the equilibrium exchange rate, our results indicate that such an assumption is not completely inadequate. © 1991.noneArdeni P.G.; Lubian D.Ardeni P.G.; Lubian D

Do EU direct payments to beef producers belong in the 'blue box'?

In the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, so-called 'blue box' support measures were exempted from reduction commitments, provided they were delivered under 'production-limiting' programs. Although classified as 'blue box', the EU system of direct payments (DP) to beef farmers imposes 'claim-limiting' restrictions rather than 'production-limiting' restrictions, allowing farmers to keep additional animals over and above the number upon which they are eligible to claim DP. The present paper provides empirical evidence that EU direct payments capitalise into the market prices of male calves and young steers in Ireland. It is also likely that DP capitalises into the prices of beef cows and heifers. Given this capitalisation process, some farmers can obtain 'capitalised' DP on animals produced over and above the 'claim-limiting' restrictions, by selling these animals through auction markets. Thus, 'capitalised' DP probably encourages production over and above the limiting measures

Extent and evaluation of protection in developing countries

Tariff protection and nontariff barriers are higher in developing countries than in industrial nations. The tendency of protection to decline with a higher level of development can be explained by the role of import taxes in government revenue, by export pessimism, and by differential treatment of developing countries under GATT. Protection against imports is a burden on the export sector. Trade liberalization has important effects on economic growth and factor productivity. Recent programs of trade liberalization are implemented together with complementary macroeconomic policies to enhance the possibility of sustaining trade policy reforms to be sustained. Copyright Kluwer Academic Publishers 1995protection, trade policies, trade liberalization, developing countries, preferential treatment, resource allocation,