11,347 research outputs found
Antisymmetric tensor propagator with spontaneous Lorentz violation
In this work, we study the spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking due to an
antisymmetric 2-tensor field in Minkowski spacetime. For a smooth quadratic
potential, the spectrum of the theory exhibits massless and massive
excitations. We show that the equations of motion for the free field obey some
constraints which lead to the massive mode be non-propagating at leading order.
Besides, there exists a massless mode in the theory which can be identified
with the usual Kalb-Ramond field, carrying only one on-shell degree of freedom.
The same conclusion holds when one analyses the pole structure of its Feynman
propagator. A new complete set of spin-type operators is found, which was the
requirement to evaluate the propagator of the Kalb-Ramond field modified by the
presence of a nonzero vacuum expectation value responsible for the Lorentz
violation.Comment: 13 pages. Some modifications to match published version in
EuroPhysics Letter
Laser frequency combs for astronomical observations
A direct measurement of the universe's expansion history could be made by
observing in real time the evolution of the cosmological redshift of distant
objects. However, this would require measurements of Doppler velocity drifts of
about 1 centimeter per second per year, and astronomical spectrographs have not
yet been calibrated to this tolerance. We demonstrate the first use of a laser
frequency comb for wavelength calibration of an astronomical telescope. Even
with a simple analysis, absolute calibration is achieved with an equivalent
Doppler precision of approximately 9 meters per second at about 1.5 micrometers
- beyond state-of-the-art accuracy. We show that tracking complex, time-varying
systematic effects in the spectrograph and detector system is a particular
advantage of laser frequency comb calibration. This technique promises an
effective means for modeling and removal of such systematic effects to the
accuracy required by future experiments to see direct evidence of the
universe's putative acceleration.Comment: Science, 5th September 2008. 18 pages, 7 figures (7 JPG files),
including Supporting Online Material. Version with higher resolution figures
available at http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/~mmurphy/pub.htm
Evidence for a Very Large-Scale Fractal Structure in the Universe from Cobe Measurements
In this work, we analyse the temperature fluctuations of the cosmic microwave
background radiation observed by COBE and show that the distribution can be
fitted by a fractal distribution with a fractal dimension .
This value is in close agreement with the fractal dimension obtained by Coleman
and Pietronero (1992) and Luo and Schramm (1992) from galaxy-galaxy and
cluster-cluster correlations up to . The fact that the
observed temperature fluctuations correspond to scales much larger than and are signatures of the primordial density fluctuations at the
recombination layer suggests that the structure of the matter at the early
universe was already fractal and thus non-homogeneous on those scales. This
result may have important consequences for the theoretical framework that
describes the universe.Comment: 11 pages, postscript file, 2 figures available upon request. To
appear in ApJ Letter
Recomendações para a produção de mudas de cajueiro em tubetes.
Recomendacoes para a producao de mudas de cajueiro em tubetes.bitstream/item/33816/1/Ct-068.pd
How much time do you spend online? Understanding and improving the accuracy of self-reported measures of internet use
Given the importance of survey measures of online media use for communication research, it is crucial to assess and improve their quality, in particular because the increasingly fragmented and ubiquitous usage of internet complicates the accuracy of self-reported measures. This study contributes to the discussion regarding the accuracy of self-reported internet use by presenting relevant factors potentially affecting biases of self-reports and testing survey design strategies to improve accuracy. Combining automatic tracking data and survey data from the same participants (N = 690) confirmed low levels of accuracy and tendencies of over-reporting. The analysis revealed biases due to a range of factors associated with the intensity of (actual) internet usage, propensity to multitask, day of reference, and the usage of mobile devices. An anchoring technique could not be proved to reduce inaccuracies of reporting behavior. Several recommendations for research practice follow from these findings
Spin Transfer from a Ferromagnet into a Semiconductor through an Oxide barrier
We present results on the magnetoresistance of the system Ni/Al203/n-doped
Si/Al2O3/Ni in fabricated nanostructures. The results at temperature of 14K
reveal a 75% magnetoresistance that decreases in value up to approximately 30K
where the effect disappears. We observe minimum resistance in the antiparallel
configurations of the source and drain of Ni. As a possibility, it seems to
indicate the existence of a magnetic state at the Si/oxide interface. The
average spin diffusion length obtained is of 650 nm approximately. Results are
compared to the window of resistances that seems to exist between the tunnel
barrier resistance and two threshold resistances but the spin transfer seems to
work in the range and outside the two thresholds
Detection of Salmonella spp. in artisanal cheese of Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul.
Brazilian artisanal cheeses are characterized by the use of raw milk, as well as following simple and traditional manufacturing technology. Despite the efforts of the Brazilian authorities to regulate the production and commercialization of artisanal cheeses, these products often does not comply with the hygienic?sanitary requirements demanded by official agencies. Salmonella sp. continues to be a major concern for the dairy industry because these bacteria have caused outbreaks of illness and have been isolated from various dairy products. In the municipality of Campo Grande, the trade of artisanal fresh cheeses, from different regions of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, is common. In this context, the survey of Salmonella spp. in artisanal cheeses provides important information for health authorities in order to prevent salmonellosis in the population
Apparent digestibility of conventional and alternative feedstuffs by hybrid tambacu juveniles.
Abstract: The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC's) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and gross energy (GE) of conventional feedstuffs (cottonseed meal-CSM, soybean meal-SBM, wheat bran-WHB, corn-COR) and regional alternative feedstuffs (common bean residue meal-CBR, mesquite meal-MES, pasta by-product meal-PBM) were determined for hybrid juvenile tambacu Colossoma macropomum × Piaractus mesopotamicus. The apparent DM and GE digestibility of feedstuffs decreased (p0.05) were found among ADC's of PBM and COR. The lowest CP ADC among energy sources was observed in MES; the lowest CP ADC among plant protein sources was observed in CBR. Information about the ADC's of conventional and alternative feedstuffs for tambacu is essential to formulate low-cost diets and can contribute to regional development
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