Heavy Quark Symmetry Violation in Semileptonic Decays of D Mesons

The decays of $D$ mesons to $K l \nu$ and $K^* l \nu$ final states exhibit significant deviations from the predictions of heavy-quark symmetry, as one might expect since the strange quark's mass is of the same order as the QCD scale. Nonetheless, in order to understand where the most significant effects might lie for heavier systems (such as $B \to D l\nu$ and $B \to D^* l\nu$), the pattern of these deviations is analyzed from the standpoint of perturbative QCD and ${\cal O}(1/m_s)$ corrections. Two main effects are noted. First, the perturbative QCD corrections lead to an overall decrease of predicted rates, which can be understood in terms of production of excited kaonic states. Second, ${\cal O}(1/m_s)$ effects tend to cancel the perturbative QCD corrections in the case of $Kl\nu$ decay, while they have minimal effect in $K^*l\nu$ decay.Comment: 25 pages (LaTeX) + 7 pages of Postscript figures (included at end), EFI-92-3

Ethanol electrooxidation on Pt-Sn and Pt-Sn-W bulk alloys

Ethanol oxidation has been studied on Pt-Sn and Pt-Sn-W electrodes prepared in an arc-melting furnace. Different electrochemical techniques like cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry were used to evaluate the catalytic activity of these materials. The electro-oxidation process was also investigated by in situ infrared reflectance spectroscopy in order to determine adsorbed intermediates and reaction products. Experimental results indicated that Pt-Sn and Pt-Sn-W alloys are able to oxidize ethanol mainly to acetaldehyde and acetic acid. Adsorbed CO was also detected, demonstrating the viability of splitting the C-C bond in the ethanol molecule during the oxidation process. The adsorbed CO was further oxidized to CO2.This reaction product was clearly detected by SNIFTIRS. Pt-Sn-W catalyst showed a better electrochemical performance than Pt-Sn that, in it turn, is better than Pt-alone.A oxidação de etanol foi estudada sobre eletrodos Pt-Sn e Pt-Sn-W preparados em forno a arco elétrico. Diferentes técnicas eletroquímicas, tais como voltametria cíclica e cronoamperometria foram utilizadas para avaliar a atividade catalítica desses materiais. O processo de eletro-oxidação também foi investigado in situ por espectroscopia de reflectância na região do infravermelho para determinar intermediários adsorvidos e produtos da reação. Os resultados experimentais indicaram que as ligas Pt-Sn e Pt-Sn-W são capaz de oxidar etanol principalmente para acetaldeído e ácido acético. CO adsorvido também foi detectado, demonstrando a viabilidade do rompimento da ligação C-C na molécula de etanol durante o processo de oxidação. Adicionalmente, o CO adsorvido foi oxidado a CO2. Esse produto de reação foi claramente detectado por SNIFTIRS. O catalisador Pt-Sn-W mostrou um melhor desempenho eletroquímico em relação ao Pt-Sn e este, por sua vez, é melhor do que Pt pura.CAPES - COFECUBCNP

Intestinal protozoa parasites association with anemia in people from Brazilian western Amazon communities

Introduction: Nowadays intestinal parasitic infection remains an important public health trouble in Latin and South America, emphasizing the Amazon region. Furthermore, intestinal parasites have been considered important factors in etiology of nutritional anemia and malnutrition. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the intestinal parasitic infection and its possible association with anemia in people from Amazon communities. Methods: The study was a research in documentary records, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional, with confirmed cases of parasites infection found in State Hospital of Cacoal-Rondônia, Brazilian Western Amazon. The parameters evaluated were gender, age, race, parasites, hematocrit and hemoglobin. Results: Females where slight higher for the number of cases of parasites occurrence (51%) compared to males (49%) and children had higher parasitic index (43%) followed by adults (37%), teenagers (11%) and seniors (9%). With regards to race, pardos (brown skin color) group was the most affected by the parasites with 69% of cases, followed by caucasians (17%), indians (11%) and blacks (3%). The major parasites diagnosed were Endolimax nana (55%), Giardia lamblia (28%), Entamoeba coli (14%) and Iodamoeba bütschlii (3%). In relation to the association of intestinal parasites and anemia, children had a 60% anemia increase when compared to adults (p <0.05) and the indians increased by 100% anemia when paired against caucasians (p <0.05).Conclusion: Thus, it is suggested that attention should be given to the increase in protozoa parasitic infection prevalence in Amazonian communities and expedite the emergency of improvements in political and sanitation programs of water treatment and waste and sewer management

Heavy Meson Decays into Light Resonances

We analyse the Lorentz structures of weak decay matrix elements bewteen meson states of arbitrary spin. Simplifications arise in the transition amplitudes for a heavy meson decaying into a light one via a Bethe-Salpeter approach which incorporates heavy quark symmetry. Phenomenological consequences on several semileptonic, nonleptonic and FCNC induced decays of heavy flavoured mesons are derived and discussed.Comment: 20 RevTex pages, Preprint # UTAS-PHYS-94-0

Hadronization in heavy ion collisions: recombination or fragmentation?

We show that hadron production in relativistic heavy ion collisions at transverse momenta larger than 2 GeV/c can be explained by the competition of two different hadronization mechanisms. Above 5 GeV/c hadron production can be described by fragmentation of partons that are created perturbatively. Below 5 GeV/c recombination of partons from the dense and hot fireball dominates. This can explain some of the surprising features of RHIC data like the constant baryon-to-meson ratio of about one and the small nuclear suppression for baryons between 2 to 4 GeV/c.Comment: Contribution to the 7th Conference on Strange Quark Matter (SQM 2003), submitted to J.Phys.G; 6 pages LaTeX, 4 eps figures, uses iopart.cl

Proposta de atualização da segunda edição do Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos.

bitstream/CPATSA-2010/43054/1/doc114-2009-atualizacao-sibcs.pd

Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos.

Trajetória evolutiva do Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação; Definição de solo; Atributos diagnósticos; Horizontes diagnósticos superficiais; Níveis categóricos do sistema.bitstream/item/93143/1/sistema-brasileiro-de-classificacao-dos-solos2006.pdf2. ed

Analysis of Charge Asymmetry in Rare Dilepton BB Decays

We analyze forward-backward charge asymmetry of the lepton production in rare decays $B\rightarrow X_s l^+l^-$ and $B\rightarrow K^* l^+l^-$, including vector-resonance effects. Certain regions of phase space, in which the asymmetry is sensitive to individual short-distance coefficients, are pointed out. In particular, we suggest a method to test the coupling of the leptonic axial vector current to the left-handed quark current experimentally.Comment: 27 pages, 4 figures available up to requiremen

Exploring New Physics with CP Violation in Neutral D and B Decays

If New Physics contributes significantly to neutral meson mixing, then it is quite likely that it does so in a CP violating manner. In $D^0-\bar D^0$ mixing measured through $D^0\rightarrow K^+\pi^-$, CP violation induces a term $\propto te^{-\Gamma t}$ with important implications for experiments. For $B_s-\bar B_s$ mixing, a non-vanishing CP asymmetry (above a few percent) $a_{CP}(B_s \rightarrow D_s^+ D_s^-)$ is a clear signal of New Physics. Interestingly, this would test precisely the same Standard Model ingredients as the question of whether $\alpha+\beta+\gamma=\pi$.Comment: 11 pages, phyzzx, no figures, Talk given at the 6th International Symposium on Heavy Flavor Physics, Pisa, Ital

Results of the engineering run of the coherent neutrino nucleus interaction experiment (CONNIE)

The CONNIE detector prototype is operating at a distance of 30 m from the core of a 3.8 GWth nuclear reactor with the goal of establishing Charge-Coupled Devices (CCD) as a new technology for the detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. We report on the results of the engineering run with an active mass of 4 g of silicon. The CCD array is described, and the performance observed during the first year is discussed. A compact passive shield was deployed around the detector, producing an order of magnitude reduction in the background rate. The remaining background observed during the run was stable, and dominated by internal contamination in the detector packaging materials. The in-situ calibration of the detector using X-ray lines from fluorescence demonstrates good stability of the readout system. The event rates with the reactor ON and OFF are compared, and no excess is observed coming from nuclear fission at the power plant. The upper limit for the neutrino event rate is set two orders of magnitude above the expectations for the standard model. The results demonstrate the cryogenic CCD-based detector can be remotely operated at the reactor site with stable noise below2 e RMS and stable background rates. The success of the engineering test provides a clear path for the upgraded 100 g detector to be deployed during 2016.Fil: Aguilar Arevalo, A.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Bertou, Xavier Pierre Louis. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Fundación José A. Balseiro; ArgentinaFil: Bonifazi, C.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Butner, M.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Cancelo, G.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Castañeda Vazquez, A.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Cervantes Vergara, B.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Chavez, C. R.. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Da Motta, H.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; BrasilFil: D'Olivo, J. C.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Dos Anjos, J.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; BrasilFil: Estrada, J.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Fernández Moroni, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y de Computadoras. Instituto ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ford, R.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Foguel, A.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; Brasil. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Hernandez Torres, K. P.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Izraelevitch, F.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Kavner, A.. University of Michigan; Estados UnidosFil: Kilminster, B.. Universitat Zurich; SuizaFil: Kuk, K.. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Lima Jr, H. P.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; BrasilFil: Makler, M.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; BrasilFil: Molina, J.. Universidad Nacional de Asunción; ParaguayFil: Moreno Granados, G.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Moro, Juan Manuel. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ingeniería; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Paolini, Eduardo Emilio. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y de Computadoras. Instituto ; ArgentinaFil: Sofo Haro, Miguel Francisco. Comision Nacional de Energia Atomica. Gerencia D/area de Energia Nuclear; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Tiffenberg, Javier Sebastian. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Trillaud, F.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Wagner, S.. Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas; Brasil. Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; Brasi