Electromagnetic power and momentum in N-body hamiltonian approach to wave-particle dynamics in a periodic structure

To model momentum exchange in nonlinear wave-particle interaction, as in amplification devices like traveling-wave tubes, we use an $N$-body self-consistent hamiltonian description based on Kuznetsov's discrete model, and we provide new formulations for the electromagnetic power and the conserved momentum. This approach leads to fast and accurate numerical simulations in time domain and in one dimensional space

Real time analysis of metallic pollutant (CuO) by inductively coupled plasma system without calibration stage

A method contributing to real-time analysis of metallic pollutant present in stack gas is investigated. This method is based on spectroanalysis using an ICP torch system without any calibration step. The fluidized bed technology is used to simulate heavy metal emission. The massic fluxes of copper oxide (CuO) are determined by using the intensities ratios of the metallic element spectral lines with those of the plasma gas element (argon or dry air). These ratios and the plasma characteristics (atomic excitation temperature Texc, degree of thermal disequilibrium theta) are inserted into a calculation code of plasma composition to determine the massic flux. A study of the fluidized bed properties is made to correlate the values with those resulting from the elutriation calculation of the copper oxide

Definition of a New Level One Test Case Measurements of Equilibrium Radiation from an Inductively Coupled Plasma in the Near-UV to Near-IR Spectral Region for a Titan-Type N2-CH4 Mixture. Preliminary Results

A test case, using a similar methodology and experimental set-up than previous test case TC5-Level 1 is presented in this paper. An inductively coupled plasma torch, working at atmospheric pressure, is used to create N2-CH4 Titan-like plasma (98%N2 - 2%CH4). The operating frequency and power are 64 MHz and 3 kW respectively. This kind of apparatus allows obtaining plasma in chemical and quasi-thermal equilibrium The spectral measurements cover the [300-800] nm range and are performed inside the induction coil. Each interesting spectrum is calibrated and compared to the line-by-line spectral code SPARTAN used for the simulation of the radiative emission of entry-type plasma. Finally, a discussion is proposed about the nucleation phenomenon which is occurred in the ICP torch with the N2-CH4 plasma. Preliminary studies show the synthesis of nanostructured carbon on the quartz tube.Comment: Radiation of High Temperature Gases in Atmospheric Entry, Heraklion : Greece (2008

Overview on Studies of Martian Like Co2-N2 Mixture by Inductively Coupled Plasma Torch

The purpose of the work is to make an overview on the results obtained through the studies on martian plasmas created by inductively coupled plasma torches (ICP). As the main advantage of the ICP torch is the absence of electrode compared to the others various test facilities, the radiative properties of this kind of plasmas are of interest to propose test cases in order to validate radiation models. ICP torches can work under various operating conditions in terms of pressure, enthalpy or flow. As a consequence, the studied plasma can be either at thermodynamical equilibrium or out of equilibrium, without problems of stability in time. The presentation concerns only the plasmas formed with a martian like CO2-N2 mixture and all the parameters of test facilities will be precised. The following paper corresponds to the first step of a global paper which will be proposed later and it reports only the oral presentation which has been done during the third International Workshop of RHTG.Comment: Radiation of High Temperature Gases in Atmospheric Entry, Heraklion : Greece (2008

A mixed-utility theory of vote choice regret

The paper builds upon an original pre- and post-election survey that we conducted before and after the 2015 Canadian election. Directly after Election Day, we asked Canadians for which party they voted, and whether they regret their choice. We find that 39% of them are not perfectly happy with their decision, and 4% even say that they made a bad decision. We show that the propensity to regret can be explained by a mixed-utility theory, whereby voters attempt to maximize a mixture of instrumental and expressive utilities. Our study contributes to the literatures on voting behavior and political economy, which usually considers that voters are either instrumental or expressive, but not both at the same time

COVID-19 lockdowns have increased support for incumbent parties and trust in government

Making use of cross-country European survey data that was fielded both before and after Covid-19 lockdowns were implemented, André Blais, Damien Bol, Marco Giani and Peter Loewen find that support for the incumbent leader, support for government in general, and trust in democracy have all increased in the short term