Serving higher education with technology – disrupting higher education with technology

Technology is increasingly serving higher education by enabling student-centred learning and concerted social learning, extended reach to content anytime and everywhere, insights for educators into progress tracking and learning trends, and cross-institutional academic collaboration. At the same time, technology is providing evidence of negative disruption to the core purpose of education, which is human development and individual preparation for the future. Technology is gradually diminishing the capacity of individuals to critically think and reason, to expand into unfamiliar knowledge domains, and to exploit the learning experience to fulfil the market needs after graduation. In this paper, a review is presented on how technology is disrupting higher education, both positively and negatively. Some recommendations are given with respect to these disruption

ANALISIS STRATEGI MARKETING COMMUNICATION DALAM MENINGKATKAN OKUPANSI DI GRAND MERCURE MALANG MIRAMA

In the hotel industry, marketing communications is an important component in the marketing strategy of a good or service. The type of research used by researchers is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. The informants taken for data analysis were assistant marketing communications manager, guest experience manager, revenue executive at Grand Mercure Malang Mirama. Grand Mercure Malang Mirama's marketing strategy is running well because of a plan and marketing support activities which are driven by integrated marketing communication. The results of this research are about the marketing communication strategy carried out by Grand Mercure Malang Mirama which is quite effective but needs ongoing evaluation. The marketing communication activities carried out by Grand Mercure Malang Mirama are media advertising, public relations, relationship management. customers (Customer Relationship Management), sales promotions (sales promotions), direct sales (personal selling), direct marketing (direct marketing), direct experiences to customers (event & experience). customer relationship management (customer relationship management). Keywords: marketing strategy, integrated marketing, hote

Error Tree: A Tree Structure for Hamming & Edit Distances & Wildcards Matching

Error Tree is a novel tree structure that is mainly oriented to solve the approximate pattern matching problems, Hamming and edit distances, as well as the wildcards matching problem. The input is a text of length $n$ over a fixed alphabet of length $\Sigma$, a pattern of length $m$, and $k$. The output is to find all positions that have $\leq$ $k$ Hamming distance, edit distance, or wildcards matching with $P$. The algorithm proposes for Hamming distance and wildcards matching a tree structure that needs $O(n\frac{log_\Sigma ^{k}n}{k!})$ words and takes $O(\frac {m^k}{k!} + occ$)($O(m + \frac {log_\Sigma ^kn}{k!} + occ$) in the average case) of query time for any online/offline pattern, where $occ$ is the number of outputs. As well, a tree structure of $O(2^{k}n\frac{log_\Sigma ^{k}n}{k!})$ words and $O(\frac {m^k}{k!} + 3^{k}occ$)($O(m + \frac {log_\Sigma ^kn}{k!} + 3^{k}occ$) in the average case) query time for edit distance for any online/offline pattern

Vanishing Cities: What Does the New Economic Geography Imply About the Efficiency of Urbanization?

How should the size and number of cities evolve optimally as population grows? Stripped of the constraints of geography itself, the setup of the New Economic Geography implies that de-agglomeration (or de- urbanization) is efficient. The number of cities increases while the size of each decreases on the optimal path until the economy suddenly disperses to tiny towns of stand-alone firms each specializing in a unique good. The cause of this narrow result is the NEG’s strong emphasis on intercity trade to satisfy the taste for more goods. For the same aggregate population, a system of smaller cities saves time lost in commuting, has a larger labor supply and makes more goods than does a system of larger cities. Falling interurban trading costs favor this de- urbanization process. Only if intraurban commuting costs fall sufficiently, can a pattern of growing city sizes be efficient with growing population. Of course, when the number of cities or the geographic space itself is limited or asymmetric, then agglomeration can arise as an artifact of the constraints imposed by geography as demonstrated by numerous NEG models. This reveals that the central agglomerative force in the NEG is space itself and not the underlying economic relations.

Ethnic Segregation and Ghettos

Throughout history cities have contained separate areas where ethnic groups are concentrated. In the U.S. many older cities in the Northeast and Midwest contain large African-American ghettos. We discuss the causes and consequences of ethnic and racial segregation. We identify differences between voluntary and involuntary ghettos and we understand them using agglomeration economies, positive and negative externalities, bid rent theory, land and labor markets. We show that sharply segregated urban land use patterns can be socially efficient or inefficient depending on the nature of preferences and the externalities. Exclusionary policies often capture the economic efficiency. We observe a bewildering variety of political and public policy responses to segregation in Brazil, Cyprus, Europe, India, Israel, South Africa and the United States.

Correlations and confinement of excitations in an asymmetric Hubbard ladder

Correlation functions and low-energy excitations are investigated in the asymmetric two-leg ladder consisting of a Hubbard chain and a noninteracting tight-binding (Fermi) chain using the density matrix renormalization group method. The behavior of charge, spin and pairing correlations is discussed for the four phases found at half filling, namely, Luttinger liquid, Kondo-Mott insulator, spin-gapped Mott insulator and correlated band insulator. Quasi-long-range antiferromagnetic spin correlations are found in the Hubbard leg in the Luttinger liquid phase only. Pair-density-wave correlations are studied to understand the structure of bound pairs found in the Fermi leg of the spin-gapped Mott phase at half filling and at light doping but we find no enhanced pairing correlations. Low-energy excitations cause variations of spin and charge densities on both legs that demonstrate the confinement of the lowest charge excitations on the Fermi leg while the lowest spin excitations are localized on the Hubbard leg in the three insulating phases. The velocities of charge, spin, and single-particle excitations are investigated to clarify the confinement of elementary excitations in the Luttinger liquid phase. The observed spatial separation of elementary spin and charge excitations could facilitate the coexistence of different (quasi-)long-range orders in higher-dimensional extensions of the asymmetric Hubbard ladder

When Can a Relay Reduce End-to-End Communication Delay?

The impact of relaying on the latency of communication in a relay channel is studied. Both decode-forward (DF) and amplify-forward (AF) are considered, and are compared with the point-to-point (P2P) scheme which does not use the relay. The question as to whether DF and AF can decrease the latency of communicating a number of bits with a given reliability requirement is addressed. Latency expressions for the three schemes are derived. Although both DF and AF use a block-transmission structure which sends the information over multiple transmission blocks, they can both achieve latencies lower that P2P. Conditions under which this occurs are obtained. Interestingly, these conditions are more strict when compared to the conditions under which DF and AF achieve higher information-theoretic rates than P2P.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Taxes on Buildings and Land in a Dynamic Model of Real Estate Markets

Henry George’s single tax on land is an elusive concept to implement, because land is occupied by a variety of buildings or is undeveloped. Land value is undefined since the value of the land lying under buildings is difficult to estimate and does not correspond to real market value. Therefore, it is hard to find taxes that are accurately related to land value and, hence, to the ability to pay and still satisfy George’s axiom. Static models unrealistically pretend that all the land is available in the market at all points in time. To properly treat dynamics, a generalized perfect-foresight model of real estate markets solvable by simulation is presented. Using a version of this model stripped-down to its bare essentials, the effects of the conventional ad-valorem property tax and of an ad-valorem tax on undeveloped land are analyzed. We show a new result that the conventional tax speeds up the demolition-reconstruction cycle, shortening the life span of buildings and thus resulting in excessive use of structural capital over time, while a tax on undeveloped land has the opposite effects. We then turn to the application of the dynamic simulation model to the optimal taxation problem adapted to real estate markets. In this problem a different tax rate is levied on each type of undeveloped land and each type of building to meet a desired revenue goal, recognizing the different price elasticities of demand and supply for these assets. The formulation is designed to calculate deadweight losses associated with such optimal taxation schemes.