Socio-environmental aspects and health of women working as babaçu coconut shellers in bico do papagaio, Tocantins, Brazil [Aspectos socioambientais e de saúde das quebradeiras de coco babaçu na microrregião do bico do papagaio, Tocantins, Brasil]

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:26:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016This study analyzed the environmental and health aspects related to babaçu coconut breakers belonging to the Regional Association of Rural Female Workers, Tocantins State (Portuguese acronym “ASMUBIP-TO”). The breaking of the babaçu coconut is a painful activity, often performed by women of low income, living in rural areas and using rudimentary techniques and equipment. The activity can cause injuries to the hands or other parts of body. In addition, it can cause organic changes due to awkward postures and repetitive movements. The study was both qualitative and quantitative. Data were collected in the field using a structured form with open and closed questions. The respondents mentioned nine symptoms related to breaking the babaçu: back pain, kidney pain, joint pain, body aches, eye problems, sore throat, uterine fibroids, anemia and skin diseases. This work is vital to the economic survival of the breakers. On the other hand, the ASMUBIP contributes to the preservation of babaçu through its political action. The lives of the workers and of the babaçu forests are therefore intricately intertwined. © 2016, Institute for Environmental Research in Hydrographic Basins (IPABHi). All rights reserved.Mourão, I.S.S., Universidade de Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté, SP, Brazilde Almeida, J.C.R., Universidade de Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté, SP, BrazilUeno, M., Universidade de Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté, SP, BrazilKanamura, H.Y., Universidade de Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté, SP, Brazi

Comparative Genomics Analyses Of Citrus-associated Bacteria

Xylella fastidiosa 9a5c (XF-9a5c) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (XAC) are bacteria that infect citrus plants. Sequencing of the genomes of these strains is complete and comparative analyses are now under way with the genomes of other bacteria of the same genera. In this review, we present an overview of this comparative genomic work. We also present a detailed genomic comparison between XF-9a5a and XAC. Based on this analysis, genes and operons were identified that might be relevant for adaptation to citrus. XAC has two copies of a type II secretion system, a large number of cell wall-degrading enzymes and sugar transporters, a complete energy metabolism, a whole set of avirulence genes associated with a type III secretion system, and a complete flagellar and chemotatic system. 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Características morfogênicas e estruturais de duas espécies de braquiária adubadas com diferentes doses de nitrogênio Morphogenetic and structural characteristics of two grasses submitted to different nitrogen doses

Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar as características morfogênicas e estruturais de Brachiaria brizantha e B. decumbens adubados com diferentes doses de nitrogênio (N). O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, com quatro doses de nitrogênio (0, 75, 150 ou 225 mg/dm³) e duas gramíneas (B. brizantha e decumbens), em um delineamento de blocos casualizados com cinco repetições. A adubação nitrogenada foi parcelada em três aplicações. A taxa de aparecimento foliar, o número total de folhas e o número de perfilhos por planta na B. decumbens foram maiores que na B. brizantha. No entanto, o filocrono, a taxa de alongamento foliar e a duração de vida da folha foram maiores na B. brizantha. A B. decumbens e a brizantha responderam de forma crescente até a dose de 190 mg/dm³ de nitrogênio para a maioria das características avaliadas. O processo de senescência destas forrageiras acelera com o aumento das doses de nitrogênio, reduzindo a duração de vida das folhas.<br>The objective of this work was to evaluate the morphogenetic and structural characteristics of Brachiaria brizantha and decumbens submitted to different nitrogen doses (N). The experiment was carried in a greenhouse. The treatments consisted of four N doses (0, 75, 150 and 225 mg/dm³ of N) and two grasses (Brachiaria brizantha and decumbens). Nitrogen fertilization was subdivided into three applications. A completely randomized block experimental design with five repetitions was used. For the morphogenetic and structural characteristics, the daily foliar structure emergence, total number of leaves and number of tillers per B. decumbens plant was higher for B. brizantha. However, for phyllochron, the daily foliar prolongation and life duration of the B. brizantha leaf were higher. B. decumbens and brizantha responded increasingly up to 190 mg/dm³ of nitrogen in relation to the majority the available characteristics. The process senescence is accelerated with increase of the nitrogen doses, reducing the life duration of leaves