Translating Calvino, Calvino Translated, Calvino Translator

In questo saggio viene analizzato il rapporto di Italo Calvino con il processo di traduzione rispetto al timing della pubblicazione internazionale delle proprie opere a partire dalla fine degli anni sessanta, cioè in un momento in cui le opere di questo autore ricevono un progressivo riconoscimento internazionale, e in cui simultaneamente Calvino è sempre più interessato al dibattito teorico riguardante la traduzione. Si presentano qui anche alcuni aspetti della relazione di Calvino con William Weaver, il più rappresentativo traduttore americano di letteratura italiana moderna e contemporanea, e figura che ha avuto un ruolo decisivo nella ricezione di questo autore sia negli Stati Uniti che internazionalmente, vista la posizione dominante del mercato letterario americano dal secondo dopoguerra. Infine, propone un’analisi della complessa mediazione culturale di Calvino traduttore de I fiori blu di Raymond Queneau; in questa traduzione, Calvino sceglie una riscrittura creativa del romanzo di Queneau, considerando questo il miglior modo per esser fedeli a un romanzo davvero sperimentale

Mio cugino filosofo

L’autore ricorda la quotidianità del Prof. Fulvio Papi, di cui ha avuto la fortuna di essere cugino acquisito e con cui ha intrattenuto una amicizia lunghissima

ANTONIO ZARATIN (1846 - 1923): RACCOGLITORE E PREPARATO RE D\u27ALGHE DELL\u27ISTRIA E DEL QUARNERO

In questa nota sono ricostruite la vita e l\u27attività di Antonio Zaratin, maestro, dirigente scolastico, "raccoglitore e preparatore di prodotti marini". Nato a Rovigno il9 aprile 1846, si spostò in varie località istriane per esigenze di lavoro, dopo aver conseguito a Capodistria l\u27abilitazione al magistero. Morì a Trieste il18 febbraio 1923. Non ha lasciato lavori scientifici ma una serie di raccolte, 10 delle quali descritte nel presente lavoro, sono state trovate nel corso delle ricerche di cui viene qui riferito; contengono quasi esclusivamente alghe marine. Viene ricordata la sua partecipazione alla Prima Esposizione Provinciale Istriana di Capodistria (1910) nella quale espose un suo algario che meritò una medaglia d\u27oro. Viene presentato pure un elenco dei 641 campioni che costituiscono le sue 10 raccolte.Antonio Zaratin zivio je obicnim zivotom ucitelja, zaljubljenika u prirodu i obozavao skupljati alge i prirodoslovne nalaze. On je i sam sebe nazivao "sakupljacem i preparatorom morskih plodova". Ovaj tekst daje kratki pregled njegove biografije i etapa njegove uciteljske karijere. Roden je u Rovinju 9. travnja 1846. Po zavrsetku studija, sto ga je zapoceo na C.K. Visoj gimnaziji u Kopru pa nastavio je skolovanje u Rovinju, poceo je predavati 1867. godine. Iste godine ozenio se rovinjkom Annom Rocchi koja mu je rodila vise djece, od kojih je troje ostalo na zivotu. 1874. godine promaknut je u zvanje ucitelja. Zbog prirode svog posla predavao je u vise istarskih mjesta: Rovinju, Buzetu, Labinu, Vodnjanu, Porecu i Opatiji. Po umirovljenju 1908. posljednje godine zivota proveo je u Voloskom, Kopru i Trstu, gdje je umro 18. veljace 1923. U ovom radu pokusava se objasniti kako se kod Zaratina rodila strast za sakupljanjem algi te od koga je nauCio kako se pripremaju u herbarije. Na temelju pronadenih dokumenata, postavljene su hipoteze kako bi se dobio odgovor na ta pitanja. Kao njegovi moguéi uCitelji navode se: Don Giuseppe Accurti (1824-1907.), nastavnik na C.K. Visoj gimnaziji u Kopru; pater Pio Titius (1801-1884.) i pater Girolamo Granié (1849-1922.) iz Franjevackog samostana Male braée u Piranu. Zaratin nije ostavio u nasljede znanstvene radove, veé zbirke algi koje je pomno sastavio i predao onima kojima su mogie koristiti; deset je zbirki - a ne mozemo iskljuCiti moguénost da ih ima i vise - pronadeno te po prvi puta opisano u ovome radu. One predstavljaju vazno svjedocanstvo za razumijevanje njegova pristupa proucavanju algi. Pored toga, za one koji bi se zeljeli podrobnije pozabaviti ovim istrazivanjem, prilaze se i popis od 641 uzorka koji saCinjavaju tih deset zbirki. U svom rodnom gradu, Rovinju, on je bio poznat kao sakupljac algi; u Kopru je dobio zlatnu medalju za jednu svoju zbirku algi izlozenu na prvoj Istarskoj regionalnoj izlozbi 1910. godine

Automated Monitoring of Soil Respiration: an Improved Automatic Chamber System

We designed, constructed and tested an automated chamber system for continuously monitoring soil respiration. Our objective was to design a system that would permit monitoring of CO2 efflux rates over long time periods without altering microclimate inside the chamber. The measuring principle is based on the measurement of the increase in CO2 concentration within an automated chamber in a fixed amount of time using a non linear regression method. The chamber operates by closing over the soil in response to a control signal and remains closed for a fixed amount of time. In this way, the chamber allows normal drying and wetting of the soil between measurements. We report results that show the reliability of soil CO2 efflux measurements in comparison with Li-Cor 6400. The system holds great potential for long term continuous measurements campaigns in natural environments

Airborne Laser Scanning - the Status and Perspectives for the Application in the South-East European Forestry

Background and Purpose: Over the last twenty years airborne laser scanning (ALS) technology, also referred to as LiDAR, has been established in a many disciplines as a fully automated and highly efficient method of collecting spatial data. In Croatia, as well as in most countries of the South-East Europe (SEE) with the exception of Slovenia, the research on the application of ALS in forestry has not yet been conducted. Also, regional scientific and professional literature dealing with ALS application is scarce. Therefore, the main goal of this review paper is to present the ALS technology to the forestry community of SEE and to provide an overview of its potential application in forest inventory. The primary focus is given to discrete return ALS systems. Conclusions and Future Research Streams: Results presented in this paper show that the ALS technology has a significant potential for application in forest inventory. Moreover, the two-phase forest inventory based on the combination of ALS and field measurements has become a quite common operational method. Due to the expected advancement of the ALS technology, it may be presumed that ALS will have an even more important role in forestry in the future. Therefore, researches on application of ALS technology in SEE forestry are needed, primarily focusing to question of “if” and “to what extent” the ALS technology can improve the existing terrestrial method of forest inventory. Besides the application in the classical forest inventory, the option to apply it for estimation of the biomass, carbon stock, combustible matter, etc, should also be further investigated

Anxiolytic and Analgesic Effects of Melatonin in Paediatric Dentistry

Aim: Fear and anxiety are the principal obstacles for dental treatment in children and can turn into dental phobia, leading to patients avoiding dental treatment. Melatonin, an endogenous indolamines produced and secreted by the pineal gland, is involved in many physiological functions such as regulation of circadian rhythm as well as possessing antioxidant, oncostatic, anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsant activity; it may be administered orally or sublingually, without any evidence of substantial side effects. After oral administration, melatonin undergoes first-pass effect, reaches the plasma peak after about 60 min and blood levels decrease in about 4 h. Study Design: This is a retrospective case-control age and sex matched study. We collected data about first visit and treatment of 50 patients admitted to the Dental Clinic and to the Private Center of the investigators. Methods: According to literature, 25 children received 0.5 mg/ kg Melatonin 60\u2019 before being subjected to first visit and pedodontic treatment. No preventive treatment was given to 25 children. We compared the success of treatment and the pain experienced by the child assessed by FLACC behavioural pain scale. Results: Both groups included 25 patients (15 male), mean age 7.6 yrs in Group A, 7.1 yrs in Group B. Melatonin treatment was well tolerated by 100% of children. According to FLACC scale categories, 42% of all children presented relaxed and comfortable or mild discomfort (FLACC scale 0-3), 42% moderate pain (FLACC scale 4-6), and 16% severe discomfort or pain or both (FLACC scale 7-10). Statistics: Operators found greater compliance by children receiving melatonin with 96 % successful treatment versus 68% (p 0.012). We found 60% of children receiving melatonin experienced relaxed and comfortable o mild discomfort versus 40% in Group B (p 0.001). Conclusions: Although a larger population study is needed, the anxiolytic and analgesic properties of melatonin seem to offer new therapeutic opportunity in the pedodontic field

Assessing the contribution of beach-cast seagrass wrack to global GHGs emissions: experimental models, problems and perspectives

6openopenGloria Misson, Guido Incerti, Giorgio Alberti, Gemini Delle Vedove, Tiziana Pirelli, Alessandro PeressottiMisson, Gloria; Incerti, Guido; Giorgio, Alberti; Gemini Delle Vedove, ; Tiziana, Pirelli; Alessandro, Peressott

Comparison of Cost Efficiency of Mechanized Fuel Wood Thinning Systems for Hardwood Plantations on Farmland

A harwarder is a machine used for both wood harvesting and extraction. A small and a large harwarder (SH and LH) were time studied whilst thinning hardwood plantations established on agricultural land in Italy. Two treatments were studied: whole tree sections (WT) or firewood logs integrated with tree tops (IH) were harvested and forwarded to the roadside. The selective thinning yielded 45 tonnes of fresh biomass (t) per hectare. The average productivity of the SH and LH with the WT harvesting treatment were 3.46 and 2.77 t per gross productive work hour, respectively. The SH was more efficient for felling and loading, while the LH was more efficient in the terrain transport work. The productivity of both machines was about 15% lower for IH treatment. The harwarder based thinning operation gave a harvesting cost between 18 and ‘ €/t under the conditions studied. Thus, the operational cost per t of the SH was less than for the LH. The harvesting cost decreased with increasing size of harvested trees for both machines. The level of stand damage caused by both harwarders was almost as low as the levels recorded in the literature for motor-manual thinning. The LH was able to handle larger trees than the SH in the studied conditions. The LH gives higher flexibility, since it can be used more efficiently in thinning of larger trees and in larger plantations than in the present study

The Competing Influences of Initial Depressive Symptomatology and Early Alliance on Early Outcome: A Preliminary Study

We examined 40 psychotherapies, some delivered in combination with pharma-cotherapy, which were all conducted by cognitive behavioral or psychodynamically oriented therapists in a general hospital center for the treatment of light to moder-ate depressive disorders. Our goal was to examine the relationship between early outcome (defined as change in Beck Depression Inventory scores between sessions 2 and 15) and early therapy alliance (as measured at sessions 1 to 5 by the Working Alliance Inventory). We also wanted to concurrently examine the effect of initial depressive symptomatology (BDI at session 2) on early outcome. For the entire sample, both early alliance and initial depressive symptomatology were found to significantly correlate with outcome, the latter more strongly so. However, after di-viding the patient sample into subgroups based on different initial levels of depres-sion, early outcome for patients with depression of intermediate severity was found to be better predicted by early alliance than by initial depression. These results sug-gest that there may be a patient subgroup for whom a good early alliance optimally mitigates the self-perpetuating action of initial depression

Robotic surgery in emergency setting: 2021 WSES position paper

Emergency surgery; Robotic surgeryCirugía de emergencia; Cirugía robóticaCirurgia d'urgència; Cirurgia robòticaBackground Robotics represents the most technologically advanced approach in minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Its application in general surgery has increased progressively, with some early experience reported in emergency settings. The present position paper, supported by the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), aims to provide a systematic review of the literature to develop consensus statements about the potential use of robotics in emergency general surgery. Methods This position paper was conducted according to the WSES methodology. A steering committee was constituted to draft the position paper according to the literature review. An international expert panel then critically revised the manuscript. Each statement was voted through a web survey to reach a consensus. Results Ten studies (3 case reports, 3 case series, and 4 retrospective comparative cohort studies) have been published regarding the applications of robotics for emergency general surgery procedures. Due to the paucity and overall low quality of evidence, 6 statements are proposed as expert opinions. In general, the experts claim for a strict patient selection while approaching emergent general surgery procedures with robotics, eventually considering it for hemodynamically stable patients only. An emergency setting should not be seen as an absolute contraindication for robotic surgery if an adequate training of the operating surgical team is available. In such conditions, robotic surgery can be considered safe, feasible, and associated with surgical outcomes related to an MIS approach. However, there are some concerns regarding the adoption of robotic surgery for emergency surgeries associated with the following: (i) the availability and accessibility of the robotic platform for emergency units and during night shifts, (ii) expected longer operative times, and (iii) increased costs. Further research is necessary to investigate the role of robotic surgery in emergency settings and to explore the possibility of performing telementoring and telesurgery, which are particularly valuable in emergency situations. Conclusions Many hospitals are currently equipped with a robotic surgical platform which needs to be implemented efficiently. The role of robotic surgery for emergency procedures remains under investigation. However, its use is expanding with a careful assessment of costs and timeliness of operations. The proposed statements should be seen as a preliminary guide for the surgical community stressing the need for reevaluation and update processes as evidence expands in the relevant literature