35 research outputs found

    The luminosity function of field galaxies

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    Schmidt's method for construction of luminosity function of galaxies is generalized by taking into account the dependence of density of galaxies from the distance in the near Universe. The logarithmical luminosity function (LLF) of field galaxies depending on morphological type is constructed. We show that the LLF for all galaxies, and also separately for elliptical and lenticular galaxies can be presented by Schechter function in narrow area of absolute magnitudes. The LLF of spiral galaxies was presented by Schechter function for enough wide area of absolute magnitudes: . Spiral galaxies differ slightly by parameter . At transition from early spirals to the late spirals parameter in Schechter function is reduced. The reduction of mean luminosity of galaxies is observed at transition from elliptical galaxies to lenticular galaxies, to early spiral galaxies, and further, to late spiral galaxies, in a bright end, . The completeness and the average density of samples of galaxies of different morphological types are estimated. In the range the mean number density of all galaxies is equal 0.127 Mpc-3.Comment: 14 page, 8 figures, to appear in Astrophysic

    Integração de métodos multicritério na busca da sustentabilidade agrícola para a produção de tomates no município de São José de Ubá-RJ.

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    Este estudo discute alternativas para os sistemas produtivos da terra no plantio de tomates em São José de Ubá-RJ e as relações de trabalho passíveis de serem colocadas em pratica de forma a promover uma agricultura sustentavel na região, priorizando os aspectos economicos, ambientais e culturais do problema. A introdução da questão cultural aumenta a complexidade da questão, sendo necessário o uso de uma metodologia capaz de lidar com toda a subjetividade envolvida nesse processo de tomada de decisão. O estudo visa contribuir para a conquista de um processo sustentavel na região, estabelecendo um processo de tomada de decisão pautado nas opinioes do agricultor, respeitando principalmente as questões culturais do problema. As características do ambiente de tomada de decisão indicaram o uso de uma combinação de métodos de apoio a decisão multicritério - MACBETH e VIP Analysis - para a seleção da melhor alternativa capaz de possibilitar o alcance dos objetivos propostos

    How are legal matters related to the access of traditional knowledge being considered in the scope of ethnobotany publications in Brazil?

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    Global textures and the formation of self-bound gravitational systems

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    Using a Newtonian approximation we developed a quantitative criterion for the collapse of a spherical distribution of matter under an isolated texture field. In particular, we found the evolution of an overdense region is strongly determined by two parameters: the energy scale of symmetry breaking (eta) and the initial radius of the system. Applying our collapse criterion to typical galaxy scales we verified the formation of 10(11)-M. objects at z less than or similar to 9 and 10(12)-M. objects at z less than or similar to 5.309481782
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