Separable graph Hamiltonian network: A graph deep learning model for lattice systems

Addressing the challenges posed by nonlinear lattice models, which are vital across diverse scientific disciplines, we present a new deep learning approach that harnesses the power of graph neural networks. By representing the lattice system as a graph and leveraging the graph structures to identify complex nonlinear relationships, we have developed a flexible solution that outperforms traditional techniques. Our model not only offers precise trajectory predictions and energy conservation properties by incorporating separable Hamiltonians but also proves superior to existing top-tier models when tested on classic nonlinear oscillator lattice problems: a mixed Fermi-Pasta-Ulam Klein-Gordon, a Klein-Gordon system with long-range interactions, and a twodimensional Frenkel-Kontorova, highlighting its potential for wide-reaching applications

How do foreign entrepreneurs adapt to local corruption norms in the Middle East? Institutional multiplicities and individual adaptation

Foreign entrepreneurs encounter institutional complexities resulting from differences between their home and host countries. On one hand, foreign entrepreneurs must adapt to local norms in a host environment that might be novel and different; on the other, foreign entrepreneurs bring institutional legacies from their home environments. In this article, we critically examine how such tensions affect norm adaptation by foreign entrepreneurs, focusing upon their attitudes towards corruption–defined as corruption propensity. While imprints from home institutions can be ‘sticky’ and persistent, learning about host institutions requires foreign entrepreneurs to adapt their corruption propensity. We find that corruption propensity has an inverted U-shaped relationship with performance and conclude by analysing the implications of such propensity.</div

3-Benzyl-6-methyl-2-sulfanylidene-2,3-di­hydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one

In the title compound, C16H14N2OS, the quinazoline ring system is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.029 (3) Å. The dihedral angle between the quinazoline and benzene rings is 88.4 (2)°. In the crystal, adjacent mol­ecules are connected via pairs of N—H⋯S and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which generate R 2 2(8) and R 2 2(10) graph-set motifs, respectively, resulting in a supra­molecular chain along the a axis

(3Z,3′Z)-3,3′-(3,5-Dimethyl­furan-2,4-diyl)bis­(4-hy­droxy­pent-3-en-2-one)

In the title mol­ecule, C16H20O5, the two 4-hy­droxy­pent-3-en-2-one units are essentially planar, with r.m.s. deviations of 0.0183 (2) and 0.0134 (2) Å for the non-H atoms, and make dihedral angles of 81.20 (10) and 84.44 (10)° with the central furan ring. The dihedral angle between these two side units is 22.06 (9)°. Two intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate two S(6) ring motifs. A weak inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­action is also observed

Securing SDN controlled IoT Networks Through Edge-Blockchain

The Internet of Things (IoT) connected by Software Defined Networking (SDN) promises to bring great benefits to cyber-physical systems. However, the increased attack surface offered by the growing number of connected vulnerable devices and separation of SDN control and data planes could overturn the huge benefits of such a system. This paper addresses the vulnerability of the trust relationship between the control and data planes. To meet this aim, we propose an edge computing based blockchain-as-a-service (BaaS), enabled by an external BaaS provider. The proposed solution provides verification of inserted flows through an efficient, edge-distributed, blockchain solution. We study two scenarios for the blockchain reward purpose: (a) information symmetry, in which the SDN operator has direct knowledge of the real effort spent by the BaaS provider; and (b) information asymmetry, in which the BaaS provider controls the exposure of information regarding spent effort. The latter yields the so called “moral hazard”, where the BaaS may claim higher than actual effort. We develop a novel mathematical model of the edge BaaS solution; and propose an innovative algorithm of a fair reward scheme based on game theory that takes into account moral hazard. We evaluate the viability of our solution through analytical simulations. The results demonstrate the ability of the proposed algorithm to maximize the joint profits of the BaaS and the SDN operator, i.e. maximizing the social welfare

Exploring the concept of the (future) mobile office

This video shows a concept of a future mobile office in a semi-automated vehicle that uses augmented reality. People perform non-driving tasks in current, non-automated vehicles even though that is unsafe. Moreover, even for passengers there is limited space, it is not social, and there can be motion sickness. In future cars, technology such as augmented reality might alleviate some of these issues. Our concept shows how augmented reality can project a remote conversant onto the dashboard. Thereby, the driver can keep an occasional eye on the road while the automated vehicle drives, and might experience less motion sickness. Potentially, this concept might even be used for group calls or for group activities such as karaoke, thereby creating a social setting. We also demonstrate how integration with an intelligent assistant (through speech and gesture analysis) might save the driver from having to grab a calendar to write things down, again allowing them to focus on the road

(E)-2-(4-Methylbenzylidene)hydrazinecarboxamide

The title compound, C9H11N3O, was synthesized by the reaction of 4-methyl­benzaldehyde with semicarbazide. The mol­ecule adopts an E configuration about the central C=N double bond and the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the benzene ring and the carboxamide groups is 17.05 (9)°. The hydrazine N atoms are twisted slightly out of the plane of the carboxamide group [C—C—N—N torsion angle = 178.39 (14)°] and an intra­molecular N—H⋯N bond generates an S(5) ring. In the crystal, adjacent mol­ecules are connected via a pair of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating R 2 2(8) loops, resulting in supra­molecular [001] ribbons

2-Amino-N-(2-benz­yloxy-3-methoxy­benzyl­idene)aniline

The title compound, C21H20N2O2, a Schiff base ligand, contains two independent mol­ecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit, with similar conformations. In mol­ecule A, the central benzene ring forms dihedral angles of 30.79 (13) and 23.56 (13)°, respectively, with the amino and benzyl benzene rings, while in mol­ecule B these angles are 32.30 (13) and 13.13 (12)°. The mol­ecular structure is stabilized by intra­molecular N—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure is stabilized by N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds and N—H⋯π and C—H⋯π inter­actions

Tandem Aldol-Michael reactions in aqueous diethylamine medium: a greener and efficient approach to dimedone-barbituric acid derivatives

BACKGROUND: Green chemistry is a rapidly developing new field that provides us with a proactive avenue for the sustainable development of future science and technologies. Green chemistry uses highly efficient and environmentally benign synthetic protocols to deliver lifesaving medicines, accelerating lead optimization processes in drug discovery, with reduced unnecessary environmental impact. From this view point, it is desirable to use water instead of organic solvents as a reaction medium, since water is safe, abundant and an environmentally benign solvent. RESULTS: A convenient one-pot method for the efficient synthesis of the novel Zwitterion derivatives 4a-pvia a three-component condensation reaction of barbituric acid derivatives 1a,b, dimedone 2, and various aldehydes 3 in the presence of aqueous diethylamine media is described. This new approach is environmentally benign, with clean synthetic procedure, short reaction times and easy work-up procedure which proceeded smoothly to provide excellent yield (88-98%). The synthesized products were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, MS, NMR and CHN analysis. The structure of 4a was further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with α = 14.6669 (5) Å, b = 18.3084 (6) Å, c = 19.0294 (6) Å, α = 90°, β = 90°, = 90°, V = 5109.9 (3) Å(3), and Z = 8. The molecules are packed in crystal structure by weak intermolecular C–H⋅ ⋅ ⋅O hydrogen bonding interactions. CONCLUSIONS: An environmentally benign Aldol-Michael protocol for the synthesis of dimedone-barbituric derivatives using aqueous diethylamine medium is achieved