Effect of General Anesthesia on Plasma Ascorbic Acid Level

Ascorbic acid (AsA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) in plasma, and the total vitamin C (AsA + DHA) in urine after oral surgery were measured to investigate whether general anesthesia has effects on the level of plasma AsA. Plasma AsA decreased significantly on the 1st and 3rd post-operative day in the general anesthesia group, but not in the local anesthesia group. A decrease in the AsA level was seen in both the halothane group and the neuroleptanesthesia group. Plasma DHA was not detected pre-operatively, but increased post-operatively and the total vitamin C in the urine decreased on the 1st post-operative day in the general anesthesia group. It was concluded that general anesthesia caused a decrease in the plasma AsA level. This can be only partially explained by the oxidation of AsA. We are going to investigate other causes as the degree of decrease of AsA was larger than the degree of increase of DHA

Quantitative and mechanism-based investigation of post-nuclear delivery events between adenovirus and lipoplex

Quantitative and mechanism-based information on differences in transfection efficiency between viral and non-viral vectors would be highly useful for improving the effectiveness of non-viral vectors. A previous quantitative comparison of intracellular trafficking between adenovirus and LipofectAMINE PLUS (LFN) revealed that the three orders of magnitude lower transfection efficiency of LFN was dominantly rate limited by the post-nuclear delivery process. In the present study, the contribution of transcription and translation processes to the overall differences in the transgene expression efficiency of nucleus-delivered DNA was independently evaluated by quantifying mRNA. As a result, transcription efficiency (E(transcript)) of LFN, denoted as transgene expression divided by the amount of nuclear pDNA was about 16 times less than that for adenovirus. Furthermore, translation efficiency (E(translate)), denoted as transfection activity divided by mRNA expression was approximately 460 times less in LFN. Imaging of the decondensed form of DNA by in situ hybridization revealed that poor decondensation efficiency of LFN is involved in the inferior E(transcript). Moreover, the inferior translation efficiency (E(translate)) of LFN was mainly due to electrostatic interactions between LFN and mRNA. Collectively, an improvement in nuclear decondensation and the diminution of the interaction between vector and mRNA is essential for the development of new generations of non-viral vectors