Relationship between the position of maxilla and rapid maxillary expansion failure

Introduction: The palatal expansion may be a challenging treatment in late adolescents who has passed the peak of skeletal growth. The success rate of palatal expansion in these patients decreases due to decreased growth potential. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a predictor that can be used in the failure of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) among investigated five cephalometric variables (related to maxillary position) and three other variables. Materials and methods: The records of the patients who had undergone RME therapy between 2013-2019 were evaluated. The patients were allocated into two groups according to expansion success: successful (S-RME) and failed (F-RME) RME groups. Fifty systemically healthy patients in the cervical vertebral maturation stage 5/6 were enrolled (35 females, 15 males). Eleven patients were (10 females, one male) in the F-RME group, and 39 patients were (25 females, 14 males) in the S-RME group. Five cephalometric variables (related to maxillary position) and three other variables (age, gender, and CVMS) were evaluated. Variables were subjected to multiple logistic regression analysis for setting a prediction model and detecting predictors. Results: Patients with CVMS-6 had a 16.8-fold higher risk of palatal expansion failure than CVMS-5. 1 mm anterior position of PNS increased the risk of failure 2.9 times. 1 mm reduction in the distance between the PNS and cranial base in the vertical direction increased 60% the risk of RME failure. Conclusion: The CVM stage of the patient, along with the vertical and sagittal position of the PNS, were found to be the possible predictors of RME success in late adolescence. Corresponding Author:Fatih Celebi Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, 60100 Tokat, TurkeyE-mail: [email protected] between the skeletal position ofmaxilla and rapid maxillary expansion failure INTRODUCTIONTransverse maxillary deficiency is one of the common skeletal disorders. The treatment includes nonsurgical and surgical treatment modalities. Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a method for correcting the transverse skeletal deficiency, which involves heavy force application to the maxilla transversally. The response to this force usually results in the separation of the maxillary halves by rupturing the mid-palatine suture.RME can be successfully achieved in pre-adolescent and adolescent periods without any surgical intervention due to the immature structure of the sutures. In adulthood, the maturation of the mid-palatal suture, along with the circummaxillary sutures, causes resistance to the expansion.1,2 The surgical assistance in the RME procedure (SARME) is the valid treatment option for these patients until sufficient evidence occurs that nonsurgical or bone-anchored RME treatments are feasible. However, the surgical approach requirement is a critical decision since the failure of RME without surgery causes further tissue destruction and complications such as mucosal ulceration or necrosis, accentuated buccal tooth tipping, gingival recession and severe pain around the posterior teeth.3-5 On the other hand, surgery preference in a case that could be treated without surgical assistance would make the patient suffer from an unnecessary operation, which is invasive, costly, and includes surgical risks

Özel Yetenekli Öğrencilerin Akademik Benlik Algıları Üzerinde Büyük Balık-Küçük Gölet Etkisi

According to the big-fish-little-pond effect (BFLPE), equally able students would have lower academic self-concepts in high-ability settings than those who attend low- or mixed-ability settings. This study was an investigation of the BFLPE on math and science academic self-concepts of gifted students. Participants included 50 fifth- and sixth-grade gifted students who participated in an after-school program for gifted students (EPTS) at a university campus for five terms. Students’ academic self-concepts were measured using the Math and Science Academic Self-Concept Questionnaire both in the EPTS setting and in the school setting in three measurement points. Findings showed that gifted students’ academic self-concepts declined significantly from time 1 measurement to time 3 measurement. However, the level of their academic self-concepts was still high in the EPTS and very high in school. The main effect of setting showed that the overall academic self-concept in school (M = 34,24; SD = 2,26) was significantly higher than the mean of academic self-concepts in the EPTS (M = 31,49; SD = 3,87). They used the EPTS and school as two different frames of reference and thus held adaptable academic self-concepts, relatively low in the EPTS and relatively high in school.Benzer yetenek düzeyindeki öğrenciler düzey gruplaması olmayan karma sınıflarda yüksek akademik benlik algısına, düzey gruplaması olan homojen sınıflarda ise daha düşük akademik benlik algısına sahip olabilmektedirler. Bu durum büyük balık-küçük gölet etkisi (BBKGE) olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada özel yetenekli öğrencilerin matematik ve fen bilimleri benlik algılarında BBKGE araştırılmıştır. Katılımcılar Anadolu Üniversitesi bünyesinde bulunan Üstün Yetenekliler Eğitim Programları (ÜYEP)’na devam eden 5. ve 6. sınıf 50 özel yetenekli öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Bu program okul sonrası formatında olup üniversite kampüsünde yürütülmektedir. Öğrencilerin matematik ve fen bilimleri akademik benlik algıları hem ÜYEP’te hem de örgün öğretime devam ettikleri okullarda Akademik Benlik Algısı Ölçeği (ABAÖ) ile üç farklı zamanda ölçümlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin akademik benlik algılarının 1. ölçümden 3. ölçüme kadar geçen sürede anlamlı düzeyde azaldığı saptanmıştır. Ancak akademik benlik algıları ÜYEP’te halen yüksek, okullarında ise oldukça yüksek olmaya devam etmiştir. Okuldaki genel akademik benlik algısı (M = 34,24; SS = 2,26) ÜYEP’teki akademik benlik algısından (M = 31,49; SS = 3,87) anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Öğrenciler okul ve ÜYEP’i iki farklı referans çerçevesi olarak kullanmış ve bu nedenle uyarlanabilir akademik benlik algıları okulda nispeten yüksek, ÜYEP’te düşük saptanmıştır

Determining the COVID-19 Knowledge, Awareness and Anxiety Levels of Intern Dentists

Introduction: COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The nature of dentistry leads to close contact with patients and exposure to saliva, blood, and other bodily fluids during treatment processes and it is a field where high-frequency devices that can make it easier for virus contamination are used. This study aims to determine the knowledge and approaches of COVID-19 infection control of intern dentists who have begun face-to-face education and their COVID-19-related fear and anxiety levels. Methods: The study comprised 4th and 5th-year students who began face-to-face education at the Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry 2020/2021 spring semester. A questionnaire was used as the data collection tool for this study. The data were collected using a knowledge questionnaire and a COVID-19 fear and anxiety scale. Results: The average COVID-19 knowledge score of the students was 63.65±9.64, their coronavirus fear average score was 17.63±5.57, and their anxiety average score was found to be 2.37±3.32. A positive relationship was found between the anxiety scores and the COVID-19 fear scores. The results of this study show that the COVID-19 knowledge level and fear of dentistry students are moderate and that their COVID-19 anxiety level is low. Conclusion: It was found that the knowledge and fear of coronavirus levels of intern dentistry students were moderate and that their coronavirus anxiety level was low

Transmural migration of a surgical compress into the stomach after splenectomy: a case report

A surgical compress retained in the abdominal cavity following surgery is a serious problem. Here, we describe a 33-year-old female who was admitted with abdominal pain, vomiting, no passage of gas or feces, and abdominal distension for 3 days. She had a splenectomy at another medical center 4 years previously. An upright plain abdominal film revealed small bowel obstruction with marked small bowel air-fluid levels. The physical examination revealed muscular guarding and rebound tenderness in the periumbilical region. Therefore, a laparotomy was performed. A surgical compress was removed at enterotomy and the final diagnosis was gossypiboma. Because a retained surgical compress may lead to medicolegal problems, it is important to count the material used before and after a surgical procedure to reduce the risk of this problem

Modified autologous transobturator tape surgery — evaluation of short term results

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term outcomes of our modified autologous transobturator tape(aTOT) technique with rectus abdominis muscle fascial graft for the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Material and methods: The data of 22 patients who underwent modified aTOT were recorded. Perioperative data regardingoperative time, complications and postoperative visual analogue scores were noted. Patients were assessed 18 monthsafter surgery. The primary endpoints of this study were the improvements in the International Consultation on IncontinenceQuestionnaire-Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS) subscores, one-hour pad test and cough stress testrates as an objective cure as well as the improvements in the PGI-I and ICIQ-FLUTS quality of life scores as a subjective cure.Results: Mean age and the mean follow-up period were 51.7 ± 9.8 years and 20.1 ± 0.9 months, respectively. Urethralhypermobility and a positive cough stress test were detected in all the patients. Mean operative time was 43.8 ± 8.1 min.and the overall complication rate was 9%. Mean VAS scores at postoperative 24 hours were 2.6 ± 1.2. At the postoperativeeighteenth month, no patient had a positive cough test and mean PGI-I score was 2 while two patients had moderateurinary incontinence according to the pad test. Pad test results, ICIQ subscores of voiding QoL, incontinence, incontinenceQoL, total score and total QoL score at baseline and eighteen months after surgery were 76.9 ± 19.9, 9.6 ± 4.1, 15.5 ± 4.0,39.5 ± 7.9, 27.9 ± 6.6, 68.4 ± 13.8 and 7.1 ± 2, 10.1 ± 2.4, 6.6 ± 2.1, 13.4 ± 4.5, 20.4 ± 4.8, 39.7 ± 9.2 respectively (p = 0.001,p = 0.004, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively)Conclusions: Modified aTOT is an effective and safe method with low morbidity for SUI treatment in short term

Rapid Stabilization of Sands with Deep Mixing Method Using Polyester

Rapid stabilization of weak soils is one of the important and current topics in geotechnical researches such as military application and stabilization of landslides. Deep mixing is an improvement method applied in the form of creating mixed columns which involves in-situ mixing of soil and lime or Portland cement with special equipment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing polymers as a binder for rapid stabilization of sandy soils with deep mixing method. For this purpose, a series of unconfined compression tests were conducted on three dierent sandy soils improved with polyester. In the experiments, polyester was used at three dierent ratios of 10%, 20% and 30% and samples cured for 3 hour, 1, 3, 7 and 28 days. The laboratory test results of 3 hours samples showed that soils mixed with adequate polyester could reach a similar strength range of 28 days cured soils improved with cement or lime which was reported in the literature. The unconfined compressive strength increased with the increasing polyester ratio, effective diameter, and relative density and curing period, whereas, the changes on unconfined compressive strength were insignificant with the increase of freeze-thaw cycles. The overall evaluation of results has revealed that polyester is a good promise and a potential candidate for rapid deep mixing applications

Problematic internet use questionairre-short form-6 (PIUQ-SF 6): a validity and reliability study in Turkey

Background: The study was a methodological type scale adaptation study in which the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Problematic Internet Use Questionairre-Short Form-6 (PIUQ-SF 6) was assessed and the cut-off score was determined.Methods: The study group was consisted of 465 students studying in five different faculties of Eskisehir Osmangazi University. The questionnaire form consists of questions about the sociodemographic characteristics, internet usage characteristics of the individuals and PIUS, PIUQ-SF 6.Results: The mean age of 465 who agreed to participate in the study was 21.1±2.1, with 256 males (55%) and 209 females (45%). In the study group, the instagram usage frequency was 80.4% and the facebook usage frequency was 78.7%. The content validity ındex value of PIUQ-SF 6 was calculated as 0.90. According to the exploratory factor analysis, 3 sub-dimensional structures consisting of 6 items explained 53.42 % of the total change in PIUQ-SF 6 scores and factor loads of the items in 3 sub-dimensions changed between 0.84-0.89. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient value of PIUQ-SF 6 was 0.82 and the test-retest reliability coefficient value was 0.82. There was a strong positive correlation between PIUS and PIUQ-SF 6. Students who spent more than 5 hours on the Internet were found to get high scores from all 3 sub-dimensions of PIUQ-SF 6. Confirmatory factor analysis values of PIUQ-SF 6 were found at acceptable intervals. As a result of K-Means clustering and ROC analysis, the cut-off score of PIUQ-SF 6 was calculated as 13.Conclusions: As a result, it has been concluded that PIUQ-SF 6 is a valid and reliable measurement tool as well as researches to be carried out in larger and different groups would be useful

Evaluation of smartphone addiction and related factors among university students

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of smartphone addiction of university students and determine the related factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among first and third-class students of the 2016 fall semester in Eskişehir Osmangazi University with 1492 students. In this study, risk of smartphone addiction was evaluated by using Short Version of Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV). In data analysis, Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis and hierarchical multi linear regression analysis were executed.Results: 772 (51.7 %) of 1492 students in the study group was female. SAS-SV median score of the students was 26. In this study; gender, socio-economic level, perceived health status and mostly used smartphone function were specified as factors influencing smartphone addiction. While, using smartphone for functions such as social media, gaming, online messaging and video watching was assigned to be positively related with smartphone addiction; using smartphone for telephone calls, e-mail and news reading was assigned to be negatively related. 71.2% of students (n:1063) declared to have health problems related with using smartphones. Insomnia was revealed as the most common (23.6 %) health complaint related to smartphone use.Conclusions: Social contact and applications with entertaining contents in smartphone enhance addiction. There is need for more studies and researches for exerting smartphone addiction, related factors and applying necessary protective and therapeutic interventions