Cavity-mediated coherent coupling of magnetic moments

We demonstrate the long range strong coupling of magnetostatic modes in spatially separated ferromagnets mediated by a microwave frequency cavity. Two spheres of yttrium iron garnet are embedded in the cavity and their magnetostatic modes probed using a dispersive measurement technique. We find they are strongly coupled to each other even when detuned from the cavity modes, and investigate the dependence of the magnet-magnet coupling on the cavity detuning. Dark states of the coupled magnetostatic modes of the system are observed, and ascribed to mismatches between the symmetries of the modes and the drive field.We would like to acknowledge support from Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory, EPSRC Grant No. EP/K027018/1 and ERC Grant No. 648613. A.J.F. is supported by a Hitachi Research Fellowship. A.C.D. is supported by the ARC via the Centre of Excellence in Engineered Quantum Systems (EQuS), Project No. CE110001013.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the American Physical Society via http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.93.02180

Serious Games Application for Memory Training Using Egocentric Images

Mild cognitive impairment is the early stage of several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's. In this work, we address the use of lifelogging as a tool to obtain pictures from a patient's daily life from an egocentric point of view. We propose to use them in combination with serious games as a way to provide a non-pharmacological treatment to improve their quality of life. To do so, we introduce a novel computer vision technique that classifies rich and non rich egocentric images and uses them in serious games. We present results over a dataset composed by 10,997 images, recorded by 7 different users, achieving 79% of F1-score. Our model presents the first method used for automatic egocentric images selection applicable to serious games.Comment: 11 page

The Need for Standardizing Diagnosis, Treatment and Clinical Care of Cholecystitis and Biliary Colic in Gallbladder Disease

Gallstones affect 20% of the Western population and will grow in clinical significance as obesity and metabolic diseases become more prevalent. Gallbladder removal (cholecystectomy) is a common treatment for diseases caused by gallstones, with 1.2 million surgeries in the US each year, each costing USD 10,000. Gallbladder disease has a significant impact on the logistics and economics of healthcare. We discuss the two most common presentations of gallbladder disease (biliary colic and cholecystitis) and their pathophysiology, risk factors, signs and symptoms. We discuss the factors that affect clinical care, including diagnosis, treatment outcomes, surgical risk factors, quality of life and cost-efficacy. We highlight the importance of standardised guidelines and objective scoring systems in improving quality, consistency and compatibility across healthcare providers and in improving patient outcomes, collaborative opportunities and the cost-effectiveness of treatment. Guidelines and scoring only exist in select areas of the care pathway. Opportunities exist elsewhere in the care pathway

Rescuing human fetal tissue research in the United States: A call for additional regulatory reform

Research using human fetal tissue has saved millions of lives through vaccines and other advances, but was markedly restricted by federal regulations in 2019. Although the restrictions were partially reversed in 2021, additional regulatory changes are needed to prevent further damage to essential research programs while preserving protection for human subjects

Bone health in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AJN: Travel support from the National Institute of Health Research for presentations at MDS Congresses and Association of British Neurologists Meetings; grants from Parkinson’s UK Innovation Grant (K-1006), Parkinson’s UK Career Development Award (F-1201), National Institute of Health Research Academic Clinical Fellowship, Élan/Prothena Pharmaceuticals and GE Healthcare. KMD: beneficiary of a Reta Lila Weston Scholarship and received a Parkinson’s UK Innovation Grant (K-1010

Bone health in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) and osteoporosis are chronic diseases associated with increasing age. Single studies have reported associations between them and the major consequence, namely, increased risk of fractures. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship of PD with osteoporosis, bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. Methods: A literature search was undertaken on 4 September 2012 using multiple indexing databases and relevant search terms. Articles were screened for suitability and data extracted where studies met inclusion criteria and were of sufficient quality. Data were combined using standard meta-analysis methods. Results: 23 studies were used in the final analysis. PD patients were at higher risk of osteoporosis (OR 2.61; 95% CI 1.69 to 4.03) compared with healthy controls. Male patients had a lower risk for osteoporosis and osteopenia than female patients (OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.68). PD patients had lower hip, lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD levels compared with healthy controls; mean difference, -0.08, 95% CI -0.13 to -0.02 for femoral neck; -0.09, 95% CI -0.15 to -0.03 for lumbar spine; and -0.05, 95% CI -0.07 to -0.03 for total hip. PD patients were also at increased risk of fractures (OR 2.28; 95% CI 1.83 to 2.83). Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate that PD patients are at higher risk for both osteoporosis and osteopenia compared with healthy controls, and that female patients are at greater risk than male patients. Patients with PD also have lower BMD and are at increased risk of fractures. © 2014 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd

Calculated K, L, and M shell X-ray line intensities for light ion impact on selected targets from Z=6 to 100.

A computer code to calculate the K, L, and M α, β and γ X-ray line intensities, KLMabgRatios, is described together with the input tables used to calculate these intensities for light ion bombardment of targets with atomic numbers from Z=6 to 100. The KLMabgRatios program was written with the main aim of updating the 1980’s data files used up till now (Clayton AAEC M113/1986), with more recent experimental and theoretical datasets published in the last 2 years or so. Preferred recommended K, L and M X-ray line intensities for light ion impact on selected targets for atomic numbers between Z=6 and 100 are given for 8 K lines, 17 L lines and 22 M lines as well as their corresponding ωK, ωL and ωM total shell fluorescence yields. In addition a program, wexplore, has been written to carry out Gaussian fits to experimental K, L and M X-ray spectra to better determine L and M X-ray production subshell cross sections for light ion bombardment. A section on the use of this wexplore program is also included in this report

Pisa syndrome in Parkinson's disease: a mobile or fixed deformity?

Although Pisa syndrome and scoliosis are sometimes used interchangeably to describe a laterally flexed postural deviation in Parkinson's disease (PD), the imaging findings of Pisa syndrome in PD have not been previously studied in detail

Eating well, living well and weight management: A co-produced semi-qualitative study of barriers and facilitators experienced by adults with intellectual disabilities

Adults with intellectual disabilities in England experience health inequalities. They are more likely than their non-disabled peers to be obese and at risk of serious medical conditions such as heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes. This semi-qualitative study engaged adults with intellectual disabilities in a co-production process to explore their perceived barriers and facilitators to eating well, living well and weight management. Nineteen participants with intellectual disabilities took part in four focus groups and one wider group discussion. They were supported by eight of their carers or support workers. Several barriers were identified including personal income restrictions, carers’ and support workers’ unmet training needs, a lack of accessible information, inaccessible services and societal barriers such as the widespread advertising of less healthy foodstuffs. A key theme of frustration with barriers emerged from analysis of participants’ responses. Practical solutions suggested by participants included provision of clear and accessible healthy lifestyle information, reasonable adjustments to services, training, ‘buddying’ support systems or schemes and collaborative working to improve policy and practice