375 research outputs found

    Determination of Preferred pH for Root-knot Nematode Aggregation Using Pluronic F-127 Gel

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    Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are obligate endoparasites of a wide range of plant species. The infective stage is attracted strongly to and enters host roots at the zone of elongation, but the compounds responsible for this attraction have not been identified. We developed a simple assay to investigate nematode response to chemical gradients that uses Pluronic F-127, a synthetic block copolymer that, as a 23% aqueous solution, forms a liquid at low temperature and a gel at room temperature. Test chemicals are put into a modified pipette tip, or ‘chemical dispenser,’ and dispensers are inserted into the gel in which nematodes have been dispersed. Meloidogyne hapla is attracted to pH gradients formed by acetic acid and several other Brønsted acids and aggregates between pH 4.5 and 5.4. While this pH range was attractive to all tested root-knot nematode strains and species, the level of aggregation depended on the species/strain assessed. For actively growing roots, the pH at the root surface is most acidic at the zone of elongation. This observation is consistent with the idea that low pH is an attractant for nematodes. Root-knot nematodes have been reported to be attracted to carbon dioxide, but our experiments suggest that the observed attraction may be due to acidification of solutions by dissolved CO2 rather than to CO2 itself. These results suggest that Pluronic F-127 gel will be broadly applicable for examining responses of a range of organisms to chemical gradients or to each other

    A Study of B0 -> J/psi K(*)0 pi+ pi- Decays with the Collider Detector at Fermilab

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    We report a study of the decays B0 -> J/psi K(*)0 pi+ pi-, which involve the creation of a u u-bar or d d-bar quark pair in addition to a b-bar -> c-bar(c s-bar) decay. The data sample consists of 110 1/pb of p p-bar collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV collected by the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider during 1992-1995. We measure the branching ratios to be BR(B0 -> J/psi K*0 pi+ pi-) = (8.0 +- 2.2 +- 1.5) * 10^{-4} and BR(B0 -> J/psi K0 pi+ pi-) = (1.1 +- 0.4 +- 0.2) * 10^{-3}. Contributions to these decays are seen from psi(2S) K(*)0, J/psi K0 rho0, J/psi K*+ pi-, and J/psi K1(1270)

    The history of Coast Salish “woolly dogs” revealed by ancient genomics and Indigenous Knowledge

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    Ancestral Coast Salish societies in the Pacific Northwest kept long-haired "woolly dogs" that were bred and cared for over millennia. However, the dog wool-weaving tradition declined during the 19th century, and the population was lost. In this study, we analyzed genomic and isotopic data from a preserved woolly dog pelt from "Mutton," collected in 1859. Mutton is the only known example of an Indigenous North American dog with dominant precolonial ancestry postdating the onset of settler colonialism. We identified candidate genetic variants potentially linked with their distinct woolly phenotype. We integrated these data with interviews from Coast Salish Elders, Knowledge Keepers, and weavers about shared traditional knowledge and memories surrounding woolly dogs, their importance within Coast Salish societies, and how colonial policies led directly to their disappearance

    Search for a Technicolor omega_T Particle in Events with a Photon and a b-quark Jet at CDF

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    If the Technicolor omega_T particle exists, a likely decay mode is omega_T -> gamma pi_T, followed by pi_T -> bb-bar, yielding the signature gamma bb-bar. We have searched 85 pb^-1 of data collected by the CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron for events with a photon and two jets, where one of the jets must contain a secondary vertex implying the presence of a b quark. We find no excess of events above standard model expectations. We express the result of an exclusion region in the M_omega_T - M_pi_T mass plane.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures. Available from the CDF server (PS with figs): http://www-cdf.fnal.gov/physics/pub98/cdf4674_omega_t_prl_4.ps FERMILAB-PUB-98/321-

    Measurement of the B0 anti-B0 oscillation frequency using l- D*+ pairs and lepton flavor tags

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    The oscillation frequency Delta-md of B0 anti-B0 mixing is measured using the partially reconstructed semileptonic decay anti-B0 -> l- nubar D*+ X. The data sample was collected with the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider during 1992 - 1995 by triggering on the existence of two lepton candidates in an event, and corresponds to about 110 pb-1 of pbar p collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV. We estimate the proper decay time of the anti-B0 meson from the measured decay length and reconstructed momentum of the l- D*+ system. The charge of the lepton in the final state identifies the flavor of the anti-B0 meson at its decay. The second lepton in the event is used to infer the flavor of the anti-B0 meson at production. We measure the oscillation frequency to be Delta-md = 0.516 +/- 0.099 +0.029 -0.035 ps-1, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.Comment: 30 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Physical Review

    Search for New Particles Decaying to top-antitop in proton-antiproton collisions at squareroot(s)=1.8 TeV

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    We use 106 \ipb of data collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab to search for narrow-width, vector particles decaying to a top and an anti-top quark. Model independent upper limits on the cross section for narrow, vector resonances decaying to \ttbar are presented. At the 95% confidence level, we exclude the existence of a leptophobic \zpr boson in a model of topcolor-assisted technicolor with mass M_{\zpr} << 480 \gev for natural width Γ\Gamma = 0.012 M_{\zpr}, and M_{\zpr} << 780 \gev for Γ\Gamma = 0.04 M_{\zpr}.Comment: The CDF Collaboration, submitted to PRL 25-Feb-200

    Double Diffraction Dissociation at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider

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    We present results from a measurement of double diffraction dissociation in pˉp\bar pp collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The production cross section for events with a central pseudorapidity gap of width Δη0>3\Delta\eta^0>3 (overlapping η=0\eta=0) is found to be 4.43±0.02(stat)±1.18(syst)mb4.43\pm 0.02{(stat)}{\pm 1.18}{(syst) mb} [3.42±0.01(stat)±1.09(syst)mb3.42\pm 0.01{(stat)}{\pm 1.09}{(syst) mb}] at s=1800\sqrt{s}=1800 [630] GeV. Our results are compared with previous measurements and with predictions based on Regge theory and factorization.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, using RevTeX. Submitted to Physical Review Letter

    A Measurement of the Differential Dijet Mass Cross Section in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV

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    We present a measurement of the cross section for production of two or more jets as a function of dijet mass, based on an integrated luminosity of 86 pb^-1 collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Our dijet mass spectrum is described within errors by next-to-leading order QCD predictions using CTEQ4HJ parton distributions, and is in good agreement with a similar measurement from the D0 experiment.Comment: 18 pages including 2 figures and 3 tables. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D Rapid Communication

    Search for Gluinos and Scalar Quarks in ppˉp\bar{p} Collisions at s=1.8\sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV using the Missing Energy plus Multijets Signature

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    We have performed a search for gluinos (\gls) and squarks (\sq) in a data sample of 84 pb1^{-1} of \ppb collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV, recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab, by investigating the final state of large missing transverse energy and 3 or more jets, a characteristic signature in R-parity-conserving supersymmetric models. The analysis has been performed `blind', in that the inspection of the signal region is made only after the predictions from Standard Model backgrounds have been calculated. Comparing the data with predictions of constrained supersymmetric models, we exclude gluino masses below 195 \gev (95% C.L.), independent of the squark mass. For the case \msq \approx \mgls, gluino masses below 300 \gev are excluded.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

    Diffractive Dijet Production at sqrt(s)=630 and 1800 GeV at the Fermilab Tevatron

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    We report a measurement of the diffractive structure function FjjDF_{jj}^D of the antiproton obtained from a study of dijet events produced in association with a leading antiproton in pˉp\bar pp collisions at s=630\sqrt s=630 GeV at the Fermilab Tevatron. The ratio of FjjDF_{jj}^D at s=630\sqrt s=630 GeV to FjjDF_{jj}^D obtained from a similar measurement at s=1800\sqrt s=1800 GeV is compared with expectations from QCD factorization and with theoretical predictions. We also report a measurement of the ξ\xi (xx-Pomeron) and β\beta (xx of parton in Pomeron) dependence of FjjDF_{jj}^D at s=1800\sqrt s=1800 GeV. In the region 0.035<ξ<0.0950.035<\xi<0.095, t<1|t|<1 GeV2^2 and β<0.5\beta<0.5, FjjD(β,ξ)F_{jj}^D(\beta,\xi) is found to be of the form β1.0±0.1ξ0.9±0.1\beta^{-1.0\pm 0.1} \xi^{-0.9\pm 0.1}, which obeys β\beta-ξ\xi factorization.Comment: LaTeX, 9 pages, Submitted to Phys. Rev. Letter
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