Pathway to mental health recovery: a qualitative and quantitative study on the needs of Chinese psychiatric inpatients

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SENP1 promotes hypoxia-induced cancer stemness by HIF-1α deSUMOylation and SENP1/HIF-1α positive feedback loop

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Avian Influenza A H7N9 Virus Induces Severe Pneumonia in Mice without Prior Adaptation and Responds to a Combination of Zanamivir and COX-2 Inhibitor

Background Human infection caused by the avian influenza A H7N9 virus has a case-fatality rate of over 30%. Systematic study of the pathogenesis of avian H7N9 isolate and effective therapeutic strategies are needed. Methods BALB/c mice were inoculated intranasally with an H7N9 virus isolated from a chicken in a wet market epidemiologically linked to a fatal human case, (A/chicken/Zhejiang/DTID-ZJU01/2013 [CK1]), and with an H7N9 virus isolated from a human (A/Anhui/01/2013 [AH1]). The pulmonary viral loads, cytokine/chemokine profiles and histopathological changes of the infected mice were compared. The therapeutic efficacy of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), celecoxib, was assessed. Results Without prior adaptation, intranasal inoculation of 106 plaque forming units (PFUs) of CK1 caused a mortality rate of 82% (14/17) in mice. Viral nucleoprotein and RNA expression were limited to the respiratory system and no viral RNA could be detected from brain, liver and kidney tissues. CK1 caused heavy alveolar inflammatory exudation and pulmonary hemorrhage, associated with high pulmonary levels of proinflammatory cytokines. In the mouse lung cell line LA-4, CK1 also induced high levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA. Administration of the antiviral zanamivir did not significantly improve survival in mice infected with CK1, but co-administration of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) celecoxib in combination with zanamivir improved survival and lung pathology. Conclusions Our findings suggested that H7N9 viruses isolated from chicken without preceding trans-species adaptation can cause lethal mammalian pulmonary infection. The severe proinflammatory responses might be a factor contributing to the mortality. Treatment with combination of antiviral and NSAID could ameliorate pulmonary inflammation and may improve survival.published_or_final_versio

Competências não técnicas do enfermeiro instrumentista

Relatório de Estágio apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Enfermagem PerioperatóriaO presente relatório de estágio enquadra-se no 1º Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem Perioperatória, da Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Foi redigido segundo a metodologia de projeto, focando-se na integração de conhecimentos e competências adquiridas durante o curso, no domínio da enfermagem perioperatória. Tem como objetivos estabelecidos: (1) reflexão crítica acerca das atividades realizadas em contexto de estágio; (2) desenvolvimento de um projeto acerca das competências não técnicas do enfermeiro instrumentista; (3) reflexão crítica acerca do desenvolvimento de competências de mestre em enfermagem perioperatória. De forma a responder aos objetivos propostos organizou-se a estrutura deste relatório por três capítulos distintos: Capítulo I – onde consta o enquadramento concetual, considerando a teoria do autocuidado de Dorothea Elizabeth Orem; e enquadramento teórico, acerca do conceito de competência em enfermagem perioperatória. Capítulo II – corresponde ao enquadramento metodológico, onde é fundamentado o método seguido para a construção do projeto, exposto o tipo de estudo conduzido, o trabalho de campo desenvolvido, bem como os processos de colheita e tratamento de dados, considerando sempre as questões éticas do processo de investigação. Capítulo III – é realizada a reflexão sobre o estágio realizado, assim como a aquisição do perfil de competências de mestre em enfermagem perioperatória. A realização deste relatório de estágio permitiu a aquisição de conhecimentos no domínio da enfermagem perioperatória. Com os contributos da investigação elaborada, foi possível a compreensão e aplicação destes saberes para a resolução de problemas, em ambiente clinico multidisciplinar, consciente das implicações científicas, éticas, deontológicas e jurídicas.This internship report is part of the 1st Master in Perioperative Nursing, taken in Escola Superior de Saúde do Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. It has been drafted according to project methodology, focusing on the integration of knowledge and skills acquired during the course in the field of perioperative nursing. Its stated objetives are: (1) critical analysis of the activities undertaken in the stage context; (2) project development for scrub nurses non-technical skills; (3) critical assessment on the development master competencies in perioperative nursing. In order to meet the proposed objetives, this report is organized by three chapters: Chapter I – with the conceptual framework, considering the self-care theory of Dorothea Elizabeth Orem; and theoretical framework of competence in perioperative nursing. Chapter II - corresponds to the methodological framework, which is based the method followed for the construction of the project, stated the type of study conducted, the field work and the procedures for collection and processing of data, always considering ethical issues in research process. Chapter III - is held to assess the internship stage, as well as the acquisition of master skills profile in perioperative nursing. The completion of this internship report allowed the acquisition of knowledge in the field of perioperative nursing. With the contributions of elaborate investigation, it was possible the understanding and application of this knowledge to solve problems in a multidisciplinary clinical environment, aware of the scientific, ethical, ethical and legal implications

The immunopathology of canine vector-borne diseases

The canine vector-borne infectious diseases (CVBDs) are an emerging problem in veterinary medicine and the zoonotic potential of many of these agents is a significant consideration for human health. The successful diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these infections is dependent upon firm understanding of the underlying immunopathology of the diseases in which there are unique tripartite interactions between the microorganism, the vector and the host immune system. Although significant advances have been made in the areas of molecular speciation and the epidemiology of these infections and their vectors, basic knowledge of the pathology and immunology of the diseases has lagged behind. This review summarizes recent studies of the pathology and host immune response in the major CVBDs (leishmaniosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, hepatozoonosis, anaplasmosis, bartonellosis and borreliosis). The ultimate application of such immunological investigation is the development of effective vaccines. The current commercially available vaccines for canine leishmaniosis, babesiosis and borreliosis are reviewed

Comparing sleep patterns between children with autism spectrum disorder and children with typical development : a matched case–control study

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Comparison of Ancylostoma caninum worm counts acquired by endoscopy and necropsy

Many regulatory agencies require that the efficacy of veterinary anthelmintic medications be evaluated by enumerating parasites in treated and untreated animals after necropsy. Current ethical considerations, i.e., the 3 Rs of research, call for the replacement of this method with less invasive techniques that would not require animal sacrifice. This study tested standard gastrointestinal endoscopy as an in vivo method of quantifying the intestinal hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum. Worm counts were compared with those from gold standard necropsy. Thirteen dogs inoculated with third-stage A. caninum larvae underwent endoscopy 4-6 weeks post-infection, just prior to necropsy. Two-thirds of the adult hookworms were located in the middle section of the small intestine that could not be reached for endoscopic examination. Not surprisingly, the total worm counts obtained by endoscopy did not correlate with those from necropsy (R<sup>2</sup>=0.05, p=0.464). One method to increase small intestinal access would be to use specialized balloon or spiral endoscopes developed for this purpose in human gastroenterology. Based on the results of this study, standard endoscopy alone is unsuitable for quantification of A. caninum in the small intestine. Parasites in more accessible sites, such as whipworms in the cecum and colon, might be more appropriate targets for endoscopic counting. 2013 Elsevier B.