AN ELUCIDATION OF THE POSITION OF WOMEN BEFORE THE ADVENT OF ISLAM AS DESCRIBED IN THE GLORIOUS QUR’AN

Before the advent of Islam, the position of women varied widely across different regions and cultures. It is important to note that the following information provides a general overview and may not apply uniformly to all societies of that time. Pre-Islamic Arabia: In pre-Islamic Arabia, women's status varied greatly depending on tribal customs and traditions. Some tribes practiced female infanticide, considering daughters a burden, while others valued women as members of the community. Women were often married off at a young age and had limited rights in matters of inheritance, divorce, and property ownership. Polygamy was prevalent, and women were sometimes treated as objects of trade. The position of women in pre-Islamic Arabia was varied, depending on their social status and tribal affiliation. However, in general, women had few rights and were often treated as second-class citizens. They were not allowed to own property, inherit, or testify in court. They could be married off without their consent, and they could be divorced by their husbands at will. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to expose these issues in details. Also, the paper explains the status of women in Roman period, in Jews period and in the Christian era. The method used in conducting this research is analytical method

AN ANALYSIS OF THE WOMEN’S RIGHT IN ISLAM FROM THE QUR’ANIC VERSES AND AHADITH

Allah (SWT) has created both men and women without subordination of one another. Islam has ensured gender equality and women’s rights in every sphere of their life. Islam has guaranteed rights of men and women in an equal degree and there is no discrimination between men and women. But due to the prevailing socio-cultural norms and practices in Bangladesh sometimes the guarantee of Islam do not get translated into tangible actions. Islam is the religion which liberated Muslim women by ensuring equal rights to them in comparison to their male fellow.. The prime object of this study is to pick out how rights of women are ensured in Islam. This study concludes with an allusion that women are not subordinate of men and indicate an avenue to identify properly women in the light of Islam. This research is actually qualitative in nature where only secondary data has been used. Analytical method was also used in this research. Data has been collected from various books, journals, Glorious Qur’an and Sunnah (tradition) of the Prophet (peace be upon him). This research finds that Islam does not deprive the women rather ensuring proper rights, dignity and status this research includes only those rights of the women as guaranteed by Islam and it does not include constitutional rights or other rights ensured by the existing laws of the country

AN ANALYSIS OF THE WOMEN’S RIGHT IN ISLAM FROM THE QUR’ANIC VERSES AND AHADITH

Allah (SWT) has created both men and women without subordination of one another. Islam has ensured gender equality and women’s rights in every sphere of their life. Islam has guaranteed rights of men and women in an equal degree and there is no discrimination between men and women. But due to the prevailing socio-cultural norms and practices in Bangladesh sometimes the guarantee of Islam do not get translated into tangible actions. Islam is the religion which liberated Muslim women by ensuring equal rights to them in comparison to their male fellow.. The prime object of this study is to pick out how rights of women are ensured in Islam. This study concludes with an allusion that women are not subordinate of men and indicate an avenue to identify properly women in the light of Islam. This research is actually qualitative in nature where only secondary data has been used. Analytical method was also used in this research. Data has been collected from various books, journals, Glorious Qur’an and Sunnah (tradition) of the Prophet (peace be upon him). This research finds that Islam does not deprive the women rather ensuring proper rights, dignity and status this research includes only those rights of the women as guaranteed by Islam and it does not include constitutional rights or other rights ensured by the existing laws of the country

Public relations perspectives on electoral reforms as a panacea for consolidating Nigeria’s democracy

Abstract. Electoral reforms have been considered as sustainable means of improving on the quality of elections in Nigeria, this is especially as it avails the country, tremendous opportunities in admitting new policies such as new techniques, technologies and improved systems of protecting the welfare of electorates. It is evident from the literature that, public relations overtime has been a unifying factor in accelerating Nigeria’s democracy and sustaining its need for periodic elections and encouraging the conduct of free, fair and transparent elections by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC).  Based on the level of malpractices and issues associated with the conduct of elections in Nigeria, it was concluded in this paper that, there are several benefits attached to the process of electoral reforms in Nigeria, hence, it gives government the opportunity to revamp its electoral policies through campaigns, introduction of new technologies, voting and more importantly, the nature of conducting elections bearing in mind that, poorly adopted electoral policies normally lead to the outbreak of crisis from aggrieved parties.  It is recommended amongst others that, government at all levels should consider periodic electoral reforms as a strategy for development and as such; they should ensure that only people with credibility are charged with the mandate of presiding over electoral reform committees (ERC).Keywords. Electoral reforms, Public relations, Democracy and elections.JEL. D72, D73, D78

THE IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPERANCY IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FOR NATION BUILDING: An Expository Analysis from Islamic Thought

Sustainable development for nation building is not a new concept to Islam, sustainable development principles have existed for centuries in the Glorious Qur'an and the Hadith. However, sustainable development concept may have been recently adopted for government and civic society in Islamic world. The Islamic thought embraces that everything on earth is created for humanity and Allah's award to people. Islam allows the consumption of the natural environment without involving unnecessary destruction. Islamic thought views that human activities should support environment, and protection of people’s rights, and needs ensuring that human activities do not compromise the essentials of social, economic and natural systems either now or in the future. The aim of this study is to discover the application of Islam in sustainable development debate. Sustainable development in the context of Islamic concept is taken as an opportunity to refresh the relationship between human being and the nation building. This paper will also discuss the role of transparency and accountability in building good governance. With Iḥsan and Taqwa based on Iman, people can control, manage and report their actions, although there are no punishments or responsibility questions from others. The principles of transparency and accountability in the Qur’an guarantee social control and report, wide public participation, kind public service, self-honest, self-control and self-responsibility so that various forms of distortion such as corruption or discrimination can be avoided and controlled

Assessment of some key issues that affect the acceptance of Building Information Modelling (BIM)

The study evaluated how technological integration affects Building Information Modelling (BIM) acceptance. Quantitative research design was used, whereby survey was employed using questionnaire as a means of data collection. A total of 190 questionnaires were distributed to the professionals in the Nigerian construction industry, 170 questionnaires were retrieved; SPSS software was employed for analysis with descriptive statistic and multiple regression as tools for the analysis. The finding shows that there is positive relationship between rapid change in technology, cost of integration, government policy and BIM acceptance. It means that rapid change in technology and cost of its integration in conjunction with lack of government enforcement affects BIM acceptance. Therefore, government should formulate and enforce policies that can control the adoption and implementation of a new or integrated technology.Keywords: Building Information Modelling; Integration; Technolog

Effect of Processing on Amino Acid Profile of Balanites aegyptiaca Kernel

Balanites aegyptiaca kernel has been shown to have high nutritional quality as it is rich in both essential and non-essential amino acids. However, little is known on the effects of different processing methods on amino acid profile of the kernel. This research work therefore evaluates the effect of processing (boiling and soaking) on amino acid profile of the kernel using standard analytical methods. A significant (p<0.05) difference in amino acid contents between the raw and processed kernel was observed. Between the processed samples, boiled sample shows a higher amino acid contents than the soaked sample. Boiling retains the most nutritive value and therefore it should be encouraged as a means of processing for consumption. Keywords: Amino acid profile; Boiling; Soaking; Balanites aegyptiaca; and Kernel DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/11-22-04 Publication date: November 30th 2020

Serum Glucose Level of Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats Treated With Glutathione Complex

Antioxidant plays an important role in preventing the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM) complications. This study was undertaken to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of glutathione complex in Alloxan induced diabetic rats. Thirty albino rats (weighing 120-130g) were divided into six groups of five rats each: Group one serves as normal control, group two served as diabetic control while Group three, four and five were diabetic and administered with 2.4mg/kg body weight, 3.6mg/kg body weight and 4.8mg/kg body weight respectively. All treatments were administered orally for 4 weeks on daily basis. Serum glucose level was measured at an interval of three days throughout the period of the experiment. Results obtained showed that administration of Glutathione Complex to diabetic rats caused a significant decrease (p<0.05) in serum glucose level compared to diabetic control. These results suggest that administration of Glutathione Complex to diabetic rats may help reverse the complications of diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Alloxan, Diabetes, Glucose and Glutathione Complex DOI: 10.7176/ALST/84-03 Publication date: December 31st 202

Sebaceous Carcinoma of Submandibular Gland Presenting with Upper Airway Obstruction: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) of the salivary gland is a very rare tumor occurring more in the parotid gland. It is extremely rare in the submandibular gland. Only four cases of submandibular gland SC have been reported worldwide in English literature. We present the first case of submandibular gland SC in our environment and the fifth to be reported in English literature. A 55‑year‑old male farmer presented to our facility with a 10-year history of progressive, painless left submandibular mass, which worsened 4 months before presentation, associated with dysphagia to solid, muffled voice, weight loss, and upper airway obstruction. He had emergency tracheostomy and biopsy of the left submandibular mass. Histopathological examination of the mass confirmed SC. He was referred for radiotherapy but said to have died few weeks later while still preparing to travel for the radiation therapy. The rarity of these cases made the clinicopathologic pattern to be poorly understood thus making the choice of treatment option difficult. More cases need to be reported in other to develop the best treatment modalities

Acute Toxicity and Antidiabetic Studies of Adansonia digitata Stem Bark Extracts on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

The study investigates acute toxicity and anti-diabetic potential of solvents extract (n-hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate and Methanol) of Adansonia digitata stem bark. For each solvent, twelve (12) rats were used for Oral LD50 determination, and were grouped into four (4) groups of three rats (3) each. The first three groups were administered with 10 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively, while the last group was subdivided into three groups of one rat each and were administered with 2500mg/kg, 3500mg/kg and 5000mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively. Thirty (35) rats were used for the diabetic study and were grouped into seven (7) groups of six (5) rats each. Group I served as normal control, group II served as diabetic control while Groups III, IV, V, VI and VII were induced with diabetes and administered with standard drug, n-hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate and Methanol extract respectively for two weeks. The research found the oral LD50 of all the extract to be greater than 5000mg/kg indicating that the extract was practically non-toxic. Administration of the extract to test groups shows a significant (p<0.05) decrease in blood glucose level in chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extract administered groups compared to diabetic control with ethyl acetate extract having the highest activity. It also ameliorate liver toxicity by decreasing the serum level of liver enzymes. Thus indicating a hypoglycemic activity by the extract, Keywords:Acute toxicity; Adansonia digitata; Antidiabetic; Solvents Extract and Streptozotocin. DOI: 10.7176/ALST/89-04 Publication date:August 31st 202