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Effect of sintering temperature and heat treatment on electrical properties of indium oxide based ceramics
Indium oxide based ceramics with bismuth oxide addition were sintered in air in the temperature range 800-1300 ÂșC. Current-voltage characteristics of In2O3-Bi2O3 ceramics sintered at different temperatures are weakly nonlinear. After an additional heat treatment in air at about 200 ÂșC samples sintered at a temperature within the narrow range of about 1050-1100 ÂșC exhibit a current-limiting effect accompanied by low-frequency current oscillations. It is shown that the observed electrical properties are controlled by the grain-boundary barriers and the heat treatment in air at 200 ÂșC leads to the decrease in the barrier height. Electrical measurements, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results suggest that the current-limiting effect observed in In2O3-Bi2O3 can be explained in terms of the modified barrier model proposed earlier for the explanation of similar effect in In2O3-SrO ceramics
Conformal Toda theory with a boundary
We investigate sl(n) conformal Toda theory with maximally symmetric
boundaries. There are two types of maximally symmetric boundary conditions, due
to the existence of an order two automorphism of the W(n>2) algebra. In one of
the two cases, we find that there exist D-branes of all possible dimensions 0
=< d =< n-1, which correspond to partly degenerate representations of the W(n)
algebra. We perform classical and conformal bootstrap analyses of such
D-branes, and relate these two approaches by using the semi-classical light
asymptotic limit. In particular we determine the bulk one-point functions. We
observe remarkably severe divergences in the annulus partition functions, and
attribute their origin to the existence of infinite multiplicities in the
fusion of representations of the W(n>2) algebra. We also comment on the issue
of the existence of a boundary action, using the calculus of constrained
functional forms, and derive the generating function of the B"acklund
transformation for sl(3) Toda classical mechanics, using the minisuperspace
limit of the bulk one-point function.Comment: 42 pages; version 4: added clarifications in section 2.2 and
footnotes 1 and
Using global datasets to estimate flood exposure at the city scale: an evaluation in Addis Ababa
Copyright \ua9 2024 Carr, Trigg, Haile, Bernhofen, Alemu, Bekele and Walsh.Introduction: Cities located in lower income countries are global flood risk hotspots. Assessment and management of these risks forms a key part of global climate adaptation efforts. City scale flood risk assessments necessitate flood hazard information, which is challenging to obtain in these localities because of data quality/scarcity issues, and the complex multi-source nature of urban flood dynamics. A growing array of global datasets provide an attractive means of closing these data gaps, but their suitability for this context remains relatively unknown. Methods: Here, we test the use of relevant global terrain, rainfall, and flood hazard data products in a flood hazard and exposure assessment framework covering Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. To conduct the tests, we first developed a city scale rain-on-grid hydrodynamic flood model based on local data and used the model results to identify buildings exposed to flooding. We then observed how the results of this flood exposure assessment changed when each of the global datasets are used in turn to drive the hydrodynamic model in place of its local counterpart. Results and discussion: Results are evaluated in terms of both the total number of exposed buildings, and the spatial distribution of exposure across Addis Ababa. Our results show that of the datasets tested, the FABDEM global terrain and the PXR global rainfall data products provide the most promise for use at the city scale in lower income countries
Form factors at strong coupling via a Y-system
We compute form factors in planar N=4 Super Yang-Mills at strong coupling.
Namely we consider the overlap between an operator insertion and 2n gluons.
Through the gauge/string duality these are given by minimal surfaces in AdS
space. The surfaces end on an infinite periodic sequence of null segments at
the boundary of AdS. We consider surfaces that can be embedded in AdS_3. We
derive set of functional equations for the cross ratios as functions of the
spectral parameter. These equations are of the form of a Y-system. The integral
form of the Y-system has Thermodynamics Bethe Ansatz form. The area is given by
the free energy of the TBA system or critical value of Yang-Yang functional. We
consider a restricted set of operators which have small conformal dimension
Age-related differences of outcomes in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia are not explained by differences in immune response
The outcome of arthroscopic treatment of temporomandibular joint arthoropathy
The document attached has been archived with permission from the Australian Dental Association. An external link to the publisherâs copy is included.Ninety patients underwent arthroscopic temporomandibular joint surgery to 124 joints for arthropathy which had failed to respond to at least six months of non-surgical treatment. They were surveyed at between 6 months and 5 years (mean 2.5 years) after surgery and 63 per cent responded to the survey. They reported an 82 per cent improvement for pain (50 to 100 per cent better), 80 per cent for clicking and 82 per cent for locking. There was no morbidity following the treatment. Arthroscopic surgery sould be considered for advanced temporomandibular joint arthropathy which is refractory to non-surgical treatment.I. Rosenburg and A. N. Gos
Submicron polyacrolein particles in situ embedded with upconversion nanoparticles for bioassay
We report a new surface modification approach of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) structured as inorganic hosts NaYF4 codoped with Yb3+ and Er3+ based on their encapsulation in a two-stage process of precipitation polymerization of acrolein under alkaline conditions in the presence of UCNPs. The use of tetramethylammonium hydroxide both as an initiator of acrolein polymerization and as an agent for UCNP hydrophilization made it possible to increase the polyacrolein yield up to 90%. This approach enabled the facile, lossless embedment of UCNPs into the polymer particles suitable for bioassay. These particles are readily dispersible in aqueous and physiological buffers, exhibiting excellent photoluminescence properties, chemical stability, and also allow the control of particle diameters. The feasibility of the as-produced photoluminescent polymer particles mean-sized 260 nm for in vivo optical whole-animal imaging was also demonstrated using a home-built epi-luminescence imaging system
Synthesis of a Graphene-Encapsulated Fe 3 C/Fe Catalyst Supported on Sporopollenin Exine Capsules and Its Use for the Reverse WaterâGas Shift Reaction
Bioderived materials have emerged as sustainable catalyst supports for several heterogeneous reactions owing to their naturally occurring hierarchal pore size distribution, high surface area, and thermal and chemical stability. We utilize sporopollenin exine capsules (SpECs), a carbon-rich byproduct of pollen grains, composed primarily of polymerized and cross-linked lipids, to synthesize carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles via evaporative precipitation and pyrolytic treatments. The composition and morphology of the macroparticles were influenced by the precursor iron acetate concentration. Most significantly, the formation of crystalline phases (Fe3C, α-Fe, and graphite) detected via X-ray diffraction spectroscopy showed a critical dependence on iron loading. Significantly, the characteristic morphology and structure of the SpECs were largely preserved after high-temperature pyrolysis. Analysis of BrunauerâEmmettâTeller surface area, the D and G bands from Raman spectroscopy, and the relative ratio of the CâC to CâC bonding from high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that porosity, surface area, and degree of graphitization were easily tuned by varying the Fe loading. A mechanism for the formation of crystalline phases and meso-porosity during the pyrolysis process is also proposed. SpEC-Fe10% proved to be highly active and selective for the reverse waterâgas shift reaction at high temperatures (>600 °C)
Hybrid Equation/Agent-Based Model of Ischemia-Induced Hyperemia and Pressure Ulcer Formation Predicts Greater Propensity to Ulcerate in Subjects with Spinal Cord Injury
Pressure ulcers are costly and life-threatening complications for people with spinal cord injury (SCI). People with SCI also exhibit differential blood flow properties in non-ulcerated skin. We hypothesized that a computer simulation of the pressure ulcer formation process, informed by data regarding skin blood flow and reactive hyperemia in response to pressure, could provide insights into the pathogenesis and effective treatment of post-SCI pressure ulcers. Agent-Based Models (ABM) are useful in settings such as pressure ulcers, in which spatial realism is important. Ordinary Differential Equation-based (ODE) models are useful when modeling physiological phenomena such as reactive hyperemia. Accordingly, we constructed a hybrid model that combines ODEs related to blood flow along with an ABM of skin injury, inflammation, and ulcer formation. The relationship between pressure and the course of ulcer formation, as well as several other important characteristic patterns of pressure ulcer formation, was demonstrated in this model. The ODE portion of this model was calibrated to data related to blood flow following experimental pressure responses in non-injured human subjects or to data from people with SCI. This model predicted a higher propensity to form ulcers in response to pressure in people with SCI vs. non-injured control subjects, and thus may serve as novel diagnostic platform for post-SCI ulcer formation. © 2013 Solovyev et al
Synthetic Spectrum Constraints on a Model of the Cataclysmic Variable QU Carinae
Neither standard model SEDs nor truncated standard model SEDs fit observed
spectra of QU Carinae with acceptable accuracy over the range 900\AA to
3000\AA. Non-standard model SEDs fit the observation set accurately. The
non-standard accretion disk models have a hot region extending from the white
dwarf to ,a narrow intermediate temperature annulus, and an
isothermal remainder to the tidal cutoff boundary. The models include a range
of values between and
and limiting values of
between and . A solution with is consistent with an empirical mass-period relation. The set
of models agree on a limited range of possible isothermal region
values between 14,000K and 18,000K. The model-to-model residuals are so similar
that it is not possible to choose a best model. The Hipparcos distance, 610 pc,
is representative of the model results. The orbital inclination is between
40\arcdeg and 60\arcdeg.Comment: 52 pages, 19 Figure
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