Complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium vaccae type strain ATCC 25954

Item does not contain fulltextMycobacterium vaccae is a rapidly growing, nontuberculous Mycobacterium species that is generally not considered a human pathogen and is of major pharmaceutical interest as an immunotherapeutic agent. We report here the annotated genome sequence of the M. vaccae type strain, ATCC 25954.1 november 201

Complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium vaccae type strain ATCC 25954

Item does not contain fulltextMycobacterium vaccae is a rapidly growing, nontuberculous Mycobacterium species that is generally not considered a human pathogen and is of major pharmaceutical interest as an immunotherapeutic agent. We report here the annotated genome sequence of the M. vaccae type strain, ATCC 25954.1 november 201

Health in times of uncertainty in the eastern Mediterranean region, 1990�2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Background The eastern Mediterranean region is comprised of 22 countries: Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Since our Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010), the region has faced unrest as a result of revolutions, wars, and the so-called Arab uprisings. The objective of this study was to present the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in the eastern Mediterranean region as of 2013. Methods GBD 2013 includes an annual assessment covering 188 countries from 1990 to 2013. The study covers 306 diseases and injuries, 1233 sequelae, and 79 risk factors. Our GBD 2013 analyses included the addition of new data through updated systematic reviews and through the contribution of unpublished data sources from collaborators, an updated version of modelling software, and several improvements in our methods. In this systematic analysis, we use data from GBD 2013 to analyse the burden of disease and injuries in the eastern Mediterranean region specifically. Findings The leading cause of death in the region in 2013 was ischaemic heart disease (90·3 deaths per 100�000 people), which increased by 17·2 since 1990. However, diarrhoeal diseases were the leading cause of death in Somalia (186·7 deaths per 100�000 people) in 2013, which decreased by 26·9 since 1990. The leading cause of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) was ischaemic heart disease for males and lower respiratory infection for females. High blood pressure was the leading risk factor for DALYs in 2013, with an increase of 83·3 since 1990. Risk factors for DALYs varied by country. In low-income countries, childhood wasting was the leading cause of DALYs in Afghanistan, Somalia, and Yemen, whereas unsafe sex was the leading cause in Djibouti. Non-communicable risk factors were the leading cause of DALYs in high-income and middle-income countries in the region. DALY risk factors varied by age, with child and maternal malnutrition affecting the younger age groups (aged 28 days to 4 years), whereas high bodyweight and systolic blood pressure affected older people (aged 60�80 years). The proportion of DALYs attributed to high body-mass index increased from 3·7 to 7·5 between 1990 and 2013. Burden of mental health problems and drug use increased. Most increases in DALYs, especially from non-communicable diseases, were due to population growth. The crises in Egypt, Yemen, Libya, and Syria have resulted in a reduction in life expectancy; life expectancy in Syria would have been 5 years higher than that recorded for females and 6 years higher for males had the crisis not occurred. Interpretation Our study shows that the eastern Mediterranean region is going through a crucial health phase. The Arab uprisings and the wars that followed, coupled with ageing and population growth, will have a major impact on the region's health and resources. The region has historically seen improvements in life expectancy and other health indicators, even under stress. However, the current situation will cause deteriorating health conditions for many countries and for many years and will have an impact on the region and the rest of the world. Based on our findings, we call for increased investment in health in the region in addition to reducing the conflicts. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY licens

Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome post COVID-19: a systematic review of case reports and case series

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review was to study the incidence, risk factors and patients subjected to Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) after COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For qualitative assessment and assessing the methodological quality, the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) checklist were utilized. Data from PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHIL, Medline, ResearchGate, and Scopus were searched. The relevant studies involved patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis by RT-PCR, and GBS diagnosis based on typical clinical symptoms and/or confirmatory diagnostic results. A total of 12 English relevant articles (6 papers were case reports and 8 were case series with a total of 32 patients) published in a peer-reviewed journal from 2019 to 2021 were included. Following the review methodology, two independent raters were responsible for retrieving, extracting and checking for data eligibility. Demographic characteristics are presented as frequencies and percentages. Based on distribution of values, continuous data were expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR). RESULTS: Out of 32 patients, 26 patients reported neurological symptoms, 6 cases went unnoticed, 7 cases showed involvement of the cranial nerves, 12 cases did not, and 13 cases went unreported. CONCLUSIONS: It is too early to draw any conclusions concerning a potential relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and GBS. More large-scale observational studies are required to understand the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS and to demonstrate a definite causal relationship between GBS and SARS-CoV-2 infection