Особливості правового регулювання ліцензування господарської діяльності у сфері обігу дорогоцінного каміння

Здійснення господарської діяльності, на сьогодні, в нашій державі постійно трансформуються залежно від встановлених і закріплених в нормативно правових актах визначених і регульованих державою процедур, зокрема, шляхом ліцензування господарської діяльності, тому державна галузева політика у сфері діяльності суб’єктів господарювання, пов’язаної з дорогоцінними металами і дорогоцінним камінням має бути відрегульована належним чином не тільки через призму ліцензування, але й з урахуванням забезпечення балансу економіки та національної економічної безпеки країни. Ключові слова: ліцензування, ліцензія, господарська діяльність, процедура, нагляд, контроль, суб’єкти господарювання, дорогоцінні метали і каміння, використання дорогоцінних металів і дорогоцінного каміння.Осуществление хозяйственной деятельности, на сегодня, в нашем государстве постоянно трансформируются в зависимости от установленных и закрепленных в нормативно-правовых актах определенных и регулируемых государством процедур, в частности, путем лицензирования хозяйственной деятельности, поэтому государственная отраслевая политика в сфере деятельности субъектов ведения хозяйства, связанной с драгоценными металлами и драгоценными камнями должена быть отрегулирована должным образом не только через призму лицензирования, но и с учетом обеспечения баланса экономики и национальной экономической безопасности государства. Ключевые слова: лицензирование, лицензия, хозяйственная деятельность, процедура, контроль, субъекты ведения хозяйства, драгоценные металлы и камни, использование драгоценных металлов и драгоценных камней.Realization of enterprising movement, nowadays, in our state constantly transformed depending on position and envisaged in the normatively-legal acts of certain and managed by the state procedures, in particular, by licensing of enterprising, that is why public branch policy in the field of activity of enterprises, related to the precious metals and jewels must be adjusted properly not only through the prism of licensing but also taking into account providing of balance of economy and national economic security of a state. Key words: licensing, license, economic activity, procedure, supervision, control, enterprises, precious metals and stones, apply of precious metals and precious stones

Reported versus measured body weight and height of 4-year-old children and the prevalence of overweight

Background: In adults, body weight tends to be underestimated when based on self-reported data. Whether this discrepancy between measured and reported data exists in healthy young children is unclear. We studied whether parental reported body weight and height of 4-year-old children corresponded with measured body weight and height. In addition, we studied the determinants and the consequences of differences between reported and measured data. Methods: Data on body weight and height of 864 4-year-old Dutch children born in 1996/1997 enrolled in the Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) birth cohort study were collected via a questionnaire and a medical examination. Overweight was defined according to standard international age and gender specific definitions. Results: Mean differences between measured and reported body weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were small. Parents of children with a low BMI tended to over report body weight while parents of children with a high BMI tended to underreport body weight. Whereas 9.5% of the children were overweight according to reported BMI, the prevalence of overweight was 13.4% based on measured BMI. Over 45% of the overweight children according to measured BMI were missed when reported BMI was used. Conclusion: These findings suggest that overweight prevalence rates in children are underestimated when based on reported weight and height

BMI and Waist Circumference; Cross-Sectional and Prospective Associations with Blood Pressure and Cholesterol in 12-Year-Olds

Objective: Childhood and adolescent overweight, defined by body mass index (BMI) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in later life. Abdominal adiposity may be more important in associations with cardiovascular diseases but waist circumference (WC) has been rarely studied in children. We studied associations between BMI and WC and blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol in 12-year-old children and prospectively changes in BMI or WC status between age 8 and 12 years and BP and cholesterol at age 12. Study Design: Weight, height, WC, BP and cholesterol concentrations were measured in 1432 children at age 12 years. Linear regression was used to study the associations between high BMI and large WC (>90th percentile) and BP and cholesterol. Results: Systolic BP was 4.9 mmHg higher (95% (CI 2.5, 7.2) in girls and 4.2 mmHg (95%CI 1.9, 6.5) in boys with a high BMI. Large WC was also associated with higher systolic BP in girls (3.7 mmHg (95%CI 1.3, 6.1)) and boys (3.5 mmHg (95%CI 1.2, 5.8)). Diastolic BP and cholesterol concentrations were significantly positively (HDL cholesterol negatively) associated with high BMI and large WC, too. Normal weight children with a history of overweight did not have higher blood pressure levels or adverse cholesterol concentrations than children that were normal weight at both ages. Conclusion: A high BMI and large WC were associated with higher BP levels and adverse cholesterol concentrations. WC should be taken into account when examining cardiovascular risk factors in children

Dynamic prediction model to identify young children at high risk of future overweight: Development and internal validation in a cohort study

Background: Primary prevention of overweight is to be preferred above secondary prevention, which has shown moderate effectiveness. Objective: To develop and internally validate a dynamic prediction model to identify young children in the general population, applicable at every age between birth and age 6, at high risk of future overweight (age 8). Methods: Data were used from the Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy birth cohort, born in 1996 to 1997, in the Netherlands. Participants for whom data on the outcome overweight at age 8 and at least three body mass index SD scores (BMI SDS) at the age of ≥3 months and ≤6 years were available, were included (N = 2265). The outcome of the prediction model is overweight (yes/no) at age 8 (range 7.4-10.5 years), defined according to the sex- and age-specific BMI cut-offs of the International Obesity Task Force. Results: After backward selection in a Generalized Estimating Equations analysis, the prediction model included the baseline predictors maternal BMI, paternal BMI, paternal education, birthweight, sex, ethnicity and indoor smoke exposure; and the longitudinal predictors BMI SDS, and the linear and quadratic terms of the growth curve describing a child's BMI SDS development over time, as well as the longitudinal predictors' interactions with age. The area under the curve of the model after internal validation was 0.845 and Nagelkerke R2 was 0.351. Conclusions: A dynamic prediction model for overweight was developed with a good predictive ability using easily obtainable predictor information. External validation is needed to confirm that the model has potential for use in practice

Early respiratory and skin symptoms in relation to ethnic background: the importance of socioeconomic status; the PIAMA study

AIMS: To evaluate ethnic differences in the prevalence of respiratory and skin symptoms in the first two years of life. METHODS: A total of 4146 children participated in the Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) study. Parents completed questionnaires on respirato

Сутність адміністративного права за новою класифікацією юриспруденції

На основі новітніх підходів до розумінні завдань, об’єктів і класифікації юридичних наук запропонована перспектива розвитку адміністративного права і процесу, які повинні трансформуватися в нові юридичні науки: базисноантиделыктне «Адміністра­тивне право України», процедурне «Админо­регламентное право України» та у низку регулятивних юридичних наук, а також розробити Адміністративний кодекс України, Адміно-регламентній кодекс України, відповідні регулятивні кодекси.На основе новейших подходов к понимании задач, объектов и классификации юридических наук предложена перспектива развития административного права и процес­са, которые должны трансформироваться в новые юридические науки: базисноанти­деликтное «Административное право Украины», процедурное «Админо­регламентное право Украины» и ряд регулятивных юридических наук, а также разработать Административный кодекс Украины, Админо-регламентный кодекс Украины, соответствую­щие регулятивные кодексы.On the basis of the newest fittings to for understanding of tasks, objects and classification of legal sciences the prospect of development of administrative law and process is offered, which must be transformed in new legal sciences: basisuntidelictical the «Administrative law of Ukraine», procedural «Administrative-reglamental law of Ukraine» and the row of regulative legal sciences, and also to develop the Administrative code of Ukraine, Administrative­-reglamental code of Ukraine, proper regulative codes

Transient early wheeze and lung function in early childhood associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease genes

Background It has been hypothesized that a disturbed early lung development underlies the susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Little is known about whether subjects genetically predisposed to COPD show their first symptoms or reduced lung function in c

Dynamic prediction of childhood high blood pressure in a population-based birth cohort: a model development study

OBJECTIVES: To develop a dynamic prediction model for high blood pressure at the age of 9-10 years that could be applied at any age between birth and the age of 6 years in community-based child healthcare. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Data were used from 5359 children in a population-based prospective cohort study in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. OUTCOME MEASURE: High blood pressure was defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥95th percentile for gender, age and height. Using multivariable pooled logistic regression, the predictive value of characteristics at birth, and of longitudinal information on the body mass index (BMI) of the child until the age of 6 years, was assessed. Internal validation was performed using bootstrapping. RESULTS: 227 children (4.2%) had high blood pressure at the age of 9-10 years. Final predictors were maternal hypertensive disease during pregnancy, maternal educational level, maternal prepregnancy BMI, child ethnicity, birth weight SD score (SDS) and the most recent BMI SDS. After internal validation, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.65 (prediction at age 3 years) to 0.73 (prediction at age 5-6 years). CONCLUSIONS: This prediction model may help to monitor the risk of developing high blood pressure in childhood which may allow for early targeted primordial prevention of cardiovascular disease

Application of an Error Correction Model in Assessment and Forecasting of Energy Consumption in the European Union

In the following framework, efforts of building a model of energy consumption with regard to basic macroeconomic factors such as gross domestic product (GDP), consumer price index (CPI), and demographic variables, have been undertaken. Above-mentioned model, thanks to an error correction mechanism enables to indicate short- and long-term relations between analyzed variables.The spatial and time sample which was chosen for the research, includes data from 1980 – 2005 from the European Union countries. The application of such cross sample and decomposition of absolute term, enables to indicate certain general regularities in analyzed phenomenon, and also typical of particular countries. From empirical point of view, the created model can be used in preparation of simulations and forecasts with planned energy consumption on the national and international level.Предпринята попытка построения модели потребления энергии с учетом макроэкономических факторов, таких как ВВП, индекс цен потребителя, и демографических данных. Предлагаемая модель позволяет с помощью механизма коррекции ошибок определить кратко- и долгосрочные отношения между анализируемыми переменными. Использована пространственно-временная выборка данных с 1980 по 2005 г. по странам Европейского Союза. Применение такой перекрестной выборки и разбиение временного периода позволяет определить некоторые общие закономерности анализируемых явлений, а также закономерности, типичные для определенных стран. Созданная модель может быть использована для подготовки процедур моделирования и прогнозирования планируемого энергопотребления на национальном и международном уровнях.Здійснено спробу побудувати модель споживання енергії з урахуванням макроекономічних факторів, таких як ВВП, індекс цін споживача, та демографічних даних. Запропонована модель дозволяє за допомогою механізму виправлення похибок визначити коротко- і довгострокові стосунки між змінними, що аналізуються. Використано просторово-часову вибірку даних з 1980 по 2005 р. по країнам Європейського Союзу. Застосування такої перехресної вибірки та розкладання часового періоду дозволяє визначити деякі загальні закономірності явища, що аналізується, а також закономірності, типові для визначених країн. Розроблену модель можна використовувати для підготовки процедур моделювання та прогнозування енергоспоживання, що планується, на національному та міжнародному рівнях