Intra-amygdaloid injection of kainic acid in rats with genetic absence epilepsy: The relationship of typical absence epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy

We showed previously that genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) resist secondary generalization of focal limbic seizures after electrical kindling. We now investigate the effect of intra-amygdaloid injection of kainic acid, as another model of temporal lobe epilepsy, focusing on epileptogenesis, spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs), and the transition from basal to SWD states in GAERS. The EEG was recorded from the hippocampus and cortex of adult GAERS and Wistar rats before kainic acid injections into the basolateral amygdala and for 3 months thereafter. EEG and video recordings monitored SWDs and convulsive seizures. We analyzed spectral changes of the EEG during kainic acid-induced status epilepticus, SWDs, for 10s before (silent period) and for 2s before (transition period) SWDs. After the injection of kainic acid, all animals experienced convulsive seizures for at least 3 h. The first convulsive seizure was significantly delayed in GAERS compared with Wistar rats. SWDs and increases in power of the delta, alpha, and beta frequency ranges during the transition period disappeared after the kainic acid injection for 1-3 d and gradually reappeared. Power increases in the delta and alpha ranges were significantly correlated with the number of SWDs, in the beta and alpha ranges with their mean duration. Neo-Timm's staining at the end of experiments demonstrated that mossy fiber sprouting in GAERSis less pronounced than in Wistar rats. Our findings show that mechanisms underlying absence epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy interact with each other, although a site of this interaction remains to be defined

ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF ANESTHESIA METHODS ON HRV AND PAIN SYNDROME AFTER SEPTOPLASTY

Aims: to evaluate various methods of anesthesia during septoplasty for changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and acute pain syndrome in the early postoperative period. Patients and methods. All patients received local anesthesia with 2% procaine solution. In group 1(105 people) premedication was used with 2% promedol solution and 60 mg of ketorolac in the evening, in group 2 (108 people) -fentanyl, propofol, cisatracuria besylate, tranexamic acid, atropine and metoclopramide, in group 3 (78 people) - atracuria besylate, sodium thiopental, nitrous oxide and halothane. In groups 2 and 3, 100 mg of ketoprofen was administered intramuscularly in the evening on the day of surgery. The frequency domain of HRV was estimated per day. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results. ULF and LF were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in the local anesthetic group. VLF in the second group was significantly lower than in groups 1 and 3. Groups 2 and 3 had low HF. The VHF of group 2 was significantly lower than in groups 1 and 3, which also differed from each other - the VHF values in group 1 were higher than in group 2. Total power in group 2 was significantly lower than in groups 1 and 3. Pain syndrome was less pronounced in group 2. Conclusion. The following scheme may be less stressful when performing septopalstics for general anesthesia: fentanyl, propofol, cisatracuria besylate, tranexamic acid, atropine and metoclopramide