1,163 research outputs found
Quantum Ergoregion Instability
We have shown that, as in the case of black holes, an ergosphere itself with
no event horizon inside can evaporate spontaneously, giving energy radiation to
spatial infinity until the ergoregion disappears. However, the feature of his
quantum ergoregion instability is very much different from black hole
radiation. It is rather analogous to a laser amplification. This analysis is
based on the canonical quantization of a neutral scalar field in the presence
of unstable modes characterized by complex frequencies in a simple model for a
rapidly rotating star.Comment: 10 pages, latex, one epsfig, to appear in the Proceedings of the
APCTP Winter School on Duality of String Theory, Korea, Feb. 17-28, 1997; a
brief version of gr-qc/9701040 with slightly different presentatio
Results of laser treatment for sub-retinal neovascular membranes
A retrospective study was carried out to determine the results of laser treatment for choroidal neovascular membranes in age-related macular degeneration in 92 patients in whom fluorescein angiography was performed for this condition over a 7-year period. Twenty-nine of these patients, treated with the argon laser, were followed up regularly for 15 months. The treatment comprised overlapping laser spots of 200 J.Lm and an average power of 390 mW. The results of this study demonstrated that: (i) the majority of membranes were closer ·than 500 J.Lm from the foveola; (ii) the second eye involvement rate in the same patient was 15,79% over 15 months; and (iii) a 37,5% significant visual' loss or 41% two lines or greater visual loss was seen after 15 months, which compares favourably with results of laser treatment reported by other institutions
An Equation of State of a Carbon-Fibre Epoxy Composite under Shock Loading
An anisotropic equation of state (EOS) is proposed for the accurate
extrapolation of high-pressure shock Hugoniot (anisotropic and isotropic)
states to other thermodynamic (anisotropic and isotropic) states for a shocked
carbon-fibre epoxy composite (CFC) of any symmetry. The proposed EOS, using a
generalised decomposition of a stress tensor [Int. J. Plasticity \textbf{24},
140 (2008)], represents a mathematical and physical generalisation of the
Mie-Gr\"{u}neisen EOS for isotropic material and reduces to this equation in
the limit of isotropy. Although a linear relation between the generalised
anisotropic bulk shock velocity and particle velocity was
adequate in the through-thickness orientation, damage softening process
produces discontinuities both in value and slope in the -
relation. Therefore, the two-wave structure (non-linear anisotropic and
isotropic elastic waves) that accompanies damage softening process was proposed
for describing CFC behaviour under shock loading. The linear relationship
- over the range of measurements corresponding to non-linear
anisotropic elastic wave shows a value of (the intercept of the
- curve) that is in the range between first and second
generalised anisotropic bulk speed of sound [Eur. Phys. J. B \textbf{64}, 159
(2008)]. An analytical calculation showed that Hugoniot Stress Levels (HELs) in
different directions for a CFC composite subject to the two-wave structure
(non-linear anisotropic elastic and isotropic elastic waves) agree with
experimental measurements at low and at high shock intensities. The results are
presented, discussed and future studies are outlined.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figure
Predictions from Quantum Cosmology
The world view suggested by quantum cosmology is that inflating universes
with all possible values of the fundamental constants are spontaneously created
out of nothing. I explore the consequences of the assumption that we are a
`typical' civilization living in this metauniverse. The conclusions include
inflation with an extremely flat potential and low thermalization temperature,
structure formation by topological defects, and an appreciable cosmological
constant.Comment: (revised version), 15 page
No Go Theorem for Kinematic Self-Similarity with A Polytropic Equation of State
We have investigated spherically symmetric spacetimes which contain a perfect
fluid obeying the polytropic equation of state and admit a kinematic
self-similar vector of the second kind which is neither parallel nor orthogonal
to the fluid flow. We have assumed two kinds of polytropic equations of state
and shown in general relativity that such spacetimes must be vacuum.Comment: 5 pages, no figures. Revtex. One word added to the title. Final
version to appear in Physical Review D as a Brief Repor
The nomenclature and application of the names Euphorbia candelabrum Welw. and Euphorbia ingens in tropical Africa
During the last 40 years, one of the most widespread and conspicuous succulent trees in East and northâeast Africa has been referred to as Euphorbia candelabrum Kotschy or as E. candelabrum TrĂ©maux ex Kotschy. This name is a later homonym of E. candelabrum Welw., and consequently it is illegitimate. The species to which the name E. candelabrum Kotschy has been widely applied is shown to be conspecific with E. ingens, which occurs from southern Ethiopia to subtropical South Africa.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152821/1/tax12091_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152821/2/tax12091.pd
An amplitude analysis of the reaction
A simple partial wave amplitude analysis of has been performed for data in the range p_{\sl lab} = 360 -- 1000
MeV/c. Remarkably few partial waves are required to fit the data, while the
number of required values barely changes over this energy range. However,
the resulting set of partial wave amplitudes is not unique. We discuss possible
measurements with polarized beam and target which will severely restrict and
help resolve the present analysis ambiguities. New data from the reaction
alone, are insufficient for that
purpose.Comment: 16 pages (revtex), 8 figures available on request, submitted to Phys.
Rev.
Linear to quadratic crossover of Cooper pair dispersion relation
Cooper pairing is studied in three dimensions to determine its binding energy
for all coupling using a general separable interfermion interaction. Also
considered are Cooper pairs (CPs) with nonzero center-of-mass momentum (CMM). A
coupling-independent {\it linear} term in the CMM dominates the pair excitation
energy in weak coupling and/or high fermion density, while the more familiar
quadratic term prevails only in the extreme low-density (i.e., vacuum) limit
for any nonzero coupling. The linear-to-quadratic crossover of the CP
dispersion relation is analyzed numerically, and is expected to play a central
role in a model of superconductivity (and superfluidity) simultaneously
accommodating a BCS condensate as well as a Bose-Einstein condensate of CP
bosons.Comment: 13 pages plus 2 figure
Effects of acceleration on the collision of particles in the rotating black hole spacetime
We study the collision of two geodesic particles in the accelerating and
rotating black hole spacetime and probe the effects of the acceleration of
black hole on the center-of-mass energy of the colliding particles and on the
high-velocity collision belts. We find that the dependence of the
center-of-mass energy on the acceleration in the near event-horizon collision
is different from that in the near acceleration-horizon case. Moreover, the
presence of the acceleration changes the shape and position of the
high-velocity collision belts. Our results show that the acceleration of black
holes brings richer physics for the collision of particles.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, The corrected version accepted for publication in
EPJ
Quantum Vacuum Instability Near Rotating Stars
We discuss the Starobinskii-Unruh process for the Kerr black hole. We show
how this effect is related to the theory of squeezed states. We then consider a
simple model for a highly relativistic rotating star and show that the
Starobinskii-Unruh effect is absent.Comment: 17 Pages, (accepted by PRD), (previously incorrect header files have
been corrected
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