Effect of crystalline and amorphic phenol on characteristics of peptidases and glycosidases in chironomid larvae

The effects of crystalline and amorphous phenol (0.5 mmol/L) on the characteristics of glycosidases, as well as casein-lytic and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases, which function in the whole body of chironomid larvae Chironomus sp. were studied. Crystalline phenol decreased the activity of glycosidases in comparison to the control in the temperature range 0–50 ºС, amorphous phenol – in the temperature range 0–70 ºС. The temperature optimum of glycosidases in whole body of chironomid larvae in control and experiment corresponds to 50 ºС. The activity of glycosidases in comparison to the control decreased in the pH range 5–11 (to a greater extent in the case of the lower fraction). Amorphous phenol increased the activity of casein-lytic peptidases in comparison to the control in the temperature range of 30–50 ºС, hemoglobin-lytic peptidases – in the temperature range of 0–60 ºС. The degree of the increase of enzyme activity in the temperature optimum zone of casein-lytic and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases was different: the level of enzyme activity in the experiment was higher than in the control by 2.3 and 1.8 times, respectively. The temperature optimum of the studied peptidases of chironomid larvae, regardless of the experimental conditions, corresponds to 40 °C. Crystalline phenol did not actually affect the Q10 values of glycosidases in the temperature range 0–50 °C. Amorphous phenol decreased the Q10 values at a temperature of 40–50 °C. The Q10 values of casein-lytic peptidases increased in most cases, the Q10 values of hemoglobin-lytic peptidases decreased in the presence of amorphous phenol. The process of protein hydrolysis was characterized by a break in the Arrhenius plot at 20 °C. The values of Еact in the range 0–20 °С were lower than in the zone of higher temperatures. The Еact values of the process of casein hydrolysis by peptidases of all tissues of chironomid larvae in the presence of amorphous phenol in both temperature zones increased. The Еact values of the process of hemoglobin hydrolysis by peptidases of all tissues of chironomid larvae in the presence of amorphous phenol in both temperature zones decreased. The Еact values of the process of starch hydrolysis in the presence of crystalline phenol decreased. The amorphous phenol changed the Еact values in different directions. They slightly increased in the presence of the phenol upper fraction, but they decreased in the presence of the phenol lower fraction. The data obtained indicate a significant effect of crystalline and amorphous phenol not only on activity, but also on the characteristics of peptidases and glycosidases that function in the whole body of chironomid larvae

Обеспечение единства федеральной системы научно-методического сопровождения профессионального развития педагогических кадров: возможности и риски

Introduction. Currently, the creation of conditions for the continuing professional development of teaching staff is one of the most relevant and discussed problems in international studies. This article suggests a solution to this problem through the integration of the resources of the education system to create a single educational space that may be of interest to the world pedagogical and scientific community. A number of documents aimed at ensuring the transition to a unified federal system of scientific and methodological support for teacher professional development are widely discussed in the Russian Federation. In this regard, an attempt has been made to identify and assess the attitude of Russian teachers and heads to the principles and directions towards the creation of the unified federal system of scientific and methodological support, and to determine resources to solve the problems outlined in the state order, taking into account the request, suggestions and evaluations of teaching staff. The research results presented in the article also meet the needs of world educational systems to build a systematic model of the continuing professional development for teachers, without which it is impossible to ensure the sustainable development of national education systems. Aim. The present research aims to determine priorities, ways and means of ensuring the unity of the federal system of scientific and methodological support for teacher professional development. Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis of the research is the system-based, integrative-variable and subject-oriented approaches. The leading method in the study is the analysis of pedagogical workers’ ideas about effective ways and formats of their professional development in an integrated educational space for more effective implementation of state educational policy, improving the quality of education in general and individual results of educational and pedagogical activities. To collect empirical research data, questionnaires were used. The questionnaires were developed on the basis of a comparative analysis of regulatory and legal documents defining the conceptual foundations for the construction of the unified federal system of scientific and methodological support, as well as an analysis of problems and trends in the continuing teacher training. The discussion of certain aspects of supporting teacher professional development in focus groups of teachers and heads of educational organisations was organised. The empirical study involved 7343 respondents from different regions of the Russian Federation. Results. It is revealed that, according to the respondents, the main priority of the state policy of the Russian Federation in relation to the professional development of teaching staff is the creation of the unified federal system of scientific and methodological support to teaching staff. The study participants outlined the basic principles of the construction of the unified federal system of scientific and methodological support: the compliance of the formed unified federal system of scientific and methodological support with priority tasks in the field of education; the implementation of network interaction between subjects of scientific and methodological activity; joint planning and decision-making at the federal and regional levels; orientation and prompt response to professional deficits and requests of teaching staff and management personnel in conditions of rapid development of society and the education system. Among the urgent problems, hindering the development of scientific and methodological support systems, there is a lack of a unified approach to organising the activities of scientific and methodological services to support teaching staff at the regional and municipal levels; weak connection between scientific research and real pedagogical and managerial practice; lack of mechanisms for the formation of individual educational routes of continuing professional development of teaching staff and management personnel. It can be considered that the main ways and means of modernisation of the systems of teacher professional development are as follows: material and moral stimulation of teachers to professional development; improvement of the system of formal continuing professional education; the use of resource contexts of non-formal and informal continuing professional education, and other means. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research consists in generalising the existing trends and problems of building regional systems of teacher professional development in accordance with the priorities of the state educational policy; determining priority tasks, directions, ways and means of integrating regional educational systems into a single scientific and methodological space of the Russian Federation. Practical significance. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the research findings can be used to solve the problems of integrating the regions of the Russian Federation into a single scientific and methodological space.Введение. Проблема создания условий для непрерывного профессионального развития педагогических кадров сегодня является одной из наиболее актуальных и обсуждаемых в международных исследованиях. В данной статье предложен вариант решение этой проблемы через интеграцию ресурсов системы образования для создания единого образовательного пространства, который может быть интересен для мирового педагогического и научного сообщества. В Российской Федерации широко обсуждается ряд документов, нацеленных на обеспечение перехода к единой федеральной системе научно-методического сопровождения (ЕФС НМС) профессионального развития педагогических кадров. В этой связи предпринята попытка выявить и оценить отношение педагогов и руководителей регионов РФ к принципам и направлениям создания ЕФС НМС, определить ресурсы для решения проблем, обозначенных в государственном заказе с учетом запроса, предложений и оценки педагогических работников. Результаты, приведенного в статье исследования, отвечают также запросам мировых образовательных систем на построение систематизированной модели преемственного и непрерывного развития педагогических кадров, без которого невозможно обеспечить устойчивое развитие национальных систем образования. Цель статьи – определить приоритеты, пути и средства обеспечения единства федеральной системы научно-методического сопровождения профессионального развития педагогических кадров. Методология, методы и методики. Методологической основой исследования являются системный, интегративно-вариативный и субъектно-ориентированный подходы. Ведущим методом в исследовании выступает анализ представлений педагогических работников об эффективных способах и форматах своего профессионального развития в условиях интегрированного образовательного пространства для более эффективной реализации государственной образовательной политики, повышения качества образования в целом и индивидуальных результатов образовательной и педагогической деятельности. Для сбора эмпирических данных исследования были использованы анкеты-опросники, разработанные на основе компаративного анализа нормативно-правовых документов, определяющих концептуальные основания построения ЕФС НМС, а также анализа проблем и тенденций непрерывной подготовки педагогических кадров. Организовано обсуждение отдельных аспектов сопровождения профессионального развития педагогических кадров в фокус-группах педагогов и руководителей образовательных организаций. В эмпирическом исследовании приняло участие 7343 респондента из разных регионов Российской Федерации. Результаты. Выявлено, что, по мнению, респондентов основным приоритетом государственной политики РФ в отношении профессионального развития педагогических кадров выступает создание единой федеральной системе научно-методического сопровождения (ЕФС НМС) педагогических кадров. Установлено, что в качестве основных принципов построения ЕФС НМС участники исследования выделяют соответствие формируемой ЕФС НМС приоритетным задачам в сфере образования; реализацию сетевого взаимодействия между субъектами научно-методической деятельности; совместное планирование и принятие решений на федеральном и региональном уровнях; ориентацию и оперативное реагирование на профессиональные дефициты и запросы педагогических работников и управленческих кадров в условиях быстрого развития общества и системы образования. Среди актуальных проблем, затрудняющих развитие систем НМС, отмечается отсутствие единого подхода к организации деятельности научно-методических служб по сопровождению педагогических работников на региональном и муниципальном уровнях; слабая связь между научными исследованиями и реальной педагогической и управленческой практикой; отсутствие механизмов формирования индивидуальных образовательных маршрутов непрерывного профессионального развития педагогических работников и управленческих кадров. В качестве основных путей и средств модернизации систем профессионального развития педагогических работников можно рассматривать материальное и моральное стимулирование педагогических работников к профессиональному развитию; совершенствование системы формального непрерывного профессионального образования; использования ресурсных контекстов неформального и информального непрерывного профессионального образования и другие средства. Научная новизна исследования состоит в обобщении существующих тенденций и проблем построения региональных систем профессионального развития педагогических кадров в соответствии с приоритетами государственной образовательной политики; определении приоритетных задач, направлений, путей и средств интеграции региональных образовательных систем в единое научно-методическое пространство РФ. Практическая значимость исследования заключается в том, что полученные выводы можно использовать при решении проблем интеграции регионов РФ в единое научно-методическое пространство.The article has been prepared within the framework of the state assignment for Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushinsky during 2023 by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation (registry number 720000F.99.1.BN62AB84000).Статья подготовлена в рамках Государственного задания Ярославского государственного педагогического университета им. К. Д. Ушинского на 2023 год от Минпросвещения РФ (номер реестровой записи 720000Ф.99.1.БН62АБ84000)

Flimma: a federated and privacy-aware tool for differential gene expression analysis

Aggregating transcriptomics data across hospitals can increase sensitivity and robustness of differential expression analyses, yielding deeper clinical insights. As data exchange is often restricted by privacy legislation, meta-analyses are frequently employed to pool local results. However, the accuracy might drop if class labels are inhomogeneously distributed among cohorts. Flimma (https://exbio.wzw.tum.de/flimma/) addresses this issue by implementing the state-of-the-art workflow limma voom in a federated manner, i.e., patient data never leaves its source site. Flimma results are identical to those generated by limma voom on aggregated datasets even in imbalanced scenarios where meta-analysis approaches fail

Новые виды и наиболее интересные находки для флоры Урала и прилегающих территорий

The article provides information about rare and newly described species for the flora of the Urals and adjacent territories, namely: Astragalus saphronovae Kulikov, Atraphaxis decipiens Jaub. et Spach., Carex amgunensis F. Schmidt, Galium densiflorum Ledeb., Jovibarba globifera (L.) J. Parn., Najas minor All., Potamogeton nodosus Poir., Pseudorchis albida (L.) Á. Löve et D. Löve, Salix myrsinites L., Veronica agrestis L. Essays include the information on the species ecology and short taxonomic notes. © 2021 Altai State University. All rights reserved.The work was supported by the state assignments: АААА-А19-119031290052-1 “Sosudistye rasteniia Evrazii: sistematika, flora, rastitelʹnye resursy” [“Vascular plants of Eurasia: systematics, flora, plant resources”], АААА-А18-118011990151-7 “Izucheniye, sokhraneniye i rasshireniye bioraznoobraziya rasteniy v prirode i pri introduktsii na Yuzh nom Urale i Priuralye” [“Study, conservation and expansion of plant biodiversity in nature and during introduction in the Southern Urals and the Cis- and Trans-Urals region”], AAAA-A17-117050400146-5 “Otsenka prostranstvennovremennoy izmenchivosti bioraznoobraziya i usloviy yego formirovaniya na Severe Zapadnoy Sibiri v svyazi s izmeneniyem klimata i osvoyeniyem neftegazovykh resursov” [“Assessment of the spatio-temporal variability of biodiversity and the conditions for its formation in the north of Western Siberia in connection with climate change and the development of oil and gas resources”], and by “Programmoy povysheniya konkurentosposobnosti Uralskogo federalnogo universiteta” [“The program for improving the competitiveness of the Ural Federal University”] (the decree no. 211 of the Government of the Russian Federation, contract no. 02.A03.21.0006)

Начало программы мультиорганного посмертного донорства и трансплантации в Республике Саха (Якутия)

The article is devoted to the main aspects of organization of multiorgan donation from donors with brain death in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Transplant services  to the population of this region have been in place since 2001, and until  2016 only kidney transplants or liver fragments from a living related donor have  been performed. The presence of an effective postmortem donation program will  allow to meet the high demand of this region for high-tech assistance by organ transplantation.Статья посвящена основным аспектам организации мультиорганных изъятий у доноров со смертью головного мозга в Республике Саха (Якутия). Трансплантологическая помощь населению данного  региона оказывается с 2001 года, и до 2016 года выполнялись исключительно пересадки почки  или фрагмента печени от живого родственного донора. Наличие эффективной программы  посмертного донорства позволит соответствовать высокой потребности данного региона в  высокотехнологичной помощи методом трансплантации органов

The impact of investment in the housing on economic growth

The urgency of the discussed issue is caused by the need to increase the investment in the real sector of the Russian economy as a factor of economic growth; not completely formed structure of the Russian investment market. The main aim of the study is to justify the importance of increasing the investment in the housing sector as a factor of economic growth, based on economic restructuring. The methods used in the study: analysis and synthesis, system analysis, methods of statistical and economic analysis, investment growth theory, method of mathematical modeling. The results: The problems of real capital investment are discussed. The authors have studied the influence of investment decisions of households, particularly in housing on the growth of the national economy. It was shown that housing, as a part of the primary vital human needs, is a powerful stimulus for the development of the national economy. Conclusions: The increase of investment in housing and social infrastructure sector, associated with it, can become a multiplier of many related industries, regions development and one of the foundations of economic growth

The impact of investment in the housing on economic growth

The urgency of the discussed issue is caused by the need to increase the investment in the real sector of the Russian economy as a factor of economic growth; not completely formed structure of the Russian investment market. The main aim of the study is to justify the importance of increasing the investment in the housing sector as a factor of economic growth, based on economic restructuring. The methods used in the study: analysis and synthesis, system analysis, methods of statistical and economic analysis, investment growth theory, method of mathematical modeling. The results: The problems of real capital investment are discussed. The authors have studied the influence of investment decisions of households, particularly in housing on the growth of the national economy. It was shown that housing, as a part of the primary vital human needs, is a powerful stimulus for the development of the national economy. Conclusions: The increase of investment in housing and social infrastructure sector, associated with it, can become a multiplier of many related industries, regions development and one of the foundations of economic growth