Black holes with magnetic charge and quantized mass

We examine the issue of magnetic charge quantization in the presence of black holes. It is pointed out that quantization of magnetic charge can lead to the mass quantization for magnetically charged black holes. We also discuss some implications for the experimental searches of magnetically charged black holes.Comment: RevTeX, 11 pages, Invited paper for the first editorial volume of the book series "Contemporary Fundamental Physics" by the Nova Science Publisher

Application of particle swarm optimization with ANFIS model for double scroll chaotic system

The predictions for the original chaos patterns can be used to correct the distorted chaos pattern which has changed due to any changes whether from undesired disturbance or additional information which can hide under chaos pattern. This information can be recovered when the original chaos pattern is predicted. But unpredictability is most features of chaos, and time series prediction can be used based on the collection of past observations of a variable and analysis it to obtain the underlying relationships and then extrapolate future time series. The additional information often prunes away by several techniques. This paper shows how the chaotic time series prediction is difficult and distort even if Neuro-Fuzzy such as Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used under any disturbance. The paper combined particle swarm (PSO) and (ANFIS) to exam the prediction model and predict the original chaos patterns which comes from the double scroll circuit. Changes in the bias of the nonlinear resistor were used as a disturbance. The predicted chaotic data is compared with data from the chaotic circuit

Clash of symmetries on the brane

If our 3+1-dimensional universe is a brane or domain wall embedded in a higher dimensional space, then a phenomenon we term the ``clash of symmetries'' provides a new method of breaking some continuous symmetries. A global $G_{\text{cts}} \otimes G_{\text{discrete}}$ symmetry is spontaneously broken to $H_{\text{cts}} \otimes H_{\text{discrete}}$, where the continuous subgroup $H_{\text{cts}}$ can be embedded in several different ways in the parent group $G_{\text{cts}}$, and $H_{\text{discrete}} < G_{\text{discrete}}$. A certain class of topological domain wall solutions connect two vacua that are invariant under {\it differently embedded} $H_{\text{cts}}$ subgroups. There is then enhanced symmetry breakdown to the intersection of these two subgroups on the domain wall. This is the ``clash''. In the brane limit, we obtain a configuration with $H_{\text{cts}}$ symmetries in the bulk but the smaller intersection symmetry on the brane itself. We illustrate this idea using a permutation symmetric three-Higgs-triplet toy model exploiting the distinct $I-$, $U-$ and $V-$spin U(2) subgroups of U(3). The three disconnected portions of the vacuum manifold can be treated symmetrically through the construction of a three-fold planar domain wall junction configuration, with our universe at the nexus. A possible connection with $E_6$ is discussed.Comment: 30 pages, 9 embedded figure

Comparative study--efficacy, safety and compliance of intravenous iron sucrose and intramuscular iron sorbitol in iron deficiency anemia of pregnancy

Objective: (1) To determine an alternative iron supplementation with better efficacy, compliance & safety in treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy, (2) to reduce blood transfusion during pregnancy, labor and puerperium.Material and Method: A prospective comparative study. A total number of 60 pregnant women with the gestational age of 12 - 34 weeks were included in the study who were suffering from iron deficiency anemia. They were divided in 3 groups (A, B and C). Group A (n15) received intravenous iron sucrose according to recommended dose containing 500 mg of iron sucrose for storage, in group B (n=20) iron sucrose was administered according to deficit calculated as per formula but 200 mg of iron was given for storage instead of 500 mg, to reduce cost. While group C received intra muscular iron Sorbitol in the dose used as practice.Results: Mean hemoglobin in group A and B was 8.0 ± 1.1 g/dl and 8.9 ± 0.7 respectively, in group C, it was 8.8 ± 0.9 g/dl. In group A & B initial hemoglobin was assessed 3 weeks post therapy which showed an average rise of 2.8 g/dl (group A) and 1.9 g/dl (group B) and second assessment of Hemoglobin was done prior to delivery (aye: 6.6 weeks) showed a total rise of 3.8 g/dl (group A) and 2.4 g/dI (group B). Pre delivery mean Hemoglobin in group A and B was 11.8 g/dl and 11.3 g/dl respectively. In group C, the Hemoglobin was assessed only prior to delivery (average: 8.4 weeks from the start of therapy), and a rise of 1.4 g/dI was observed with pre delivery mean Hemoglobin of 10.2 g/dl. Target hemoglobin levels i.e. lig/di was achieved by 80% in Group A, 70% in Group B and 28% in Group C by the time of delivery. Blood transfusion was not required in any group. In group A and B one patient had moderate abdominal pain, 2 had weakness and shivering and 3 had phlebitis at the site where intravenous canula was retained. None of patient discontinued the therapy due to any adverse effect. In group C majority complained of pain at injection site while 5 patients dropped out from the study due to intolerance.Conclusion: Intravenous iron therapy is safe, convenient and more effective then intramuscular iron therapy in treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy. The intravenous iron therapy can replace blood transfusion in antenatal perio

Effects of Macronutrients on Seed Quality and Profitability Analysis of Sunflower Production in Northwest Pakistan

Potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) application to sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) reduced cost of production, increased seed oil and protein concentration, yield and net returns on the K and P deficient soils in Northwest Pakistan. Field experiment was conducted at the New Developmental Research Farm of NWFP (North West Frontier Province) Agricultural University Peshawar, Pakistan during summer 2006. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements using three replications. Six levels of K (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 kg ha-1) were kept in main plots while four levels of P (0, 45, 90 and 135 kg ha-1) were kept in sub-plots. Increase in K and P levels enhanced seed oil concentration, on the other hand, increase in P level increased seed protein concentration but increase in K level decreased seed protein concentration. Both oil and protein yields per unit area increased significantly with increase in K and P levels. The increase in oil and protein yields of sunflower was mainly attributed to the improvement in yield components and significant increase in seed yield. The highest net returns of Rs. 25268 (grain yield basis) and Rs. 31274 (oil yield basis) was obtained from those plots that received a combination of 100 kg K + 45 kg P ha-1. Application of 100 kg K ha-1 + 45 kg P ha-1 was therefore, recommended for profitable sunflower production in the agro-climatic conditions in Northwest Pakistan.sunflower, potassium, phosphorus, oil, protein, economic analysis, Northwest Pakistan, Farm Management, International Development, International Relations/Trade, Production Economics, Productivity Analysis,

Pakistan’s Grand Strategy: The Poverty of Imagination

This article is concerned with a significant grand strategic choice that Pakistan faces concerning its relations with China. The relationship between Pakistan and the United States has deteriorated since the US Special Forces found and killed Osama Bin Laden in the Pakistani city of Abbottabad in May 2011. Instead, Pakistan has been recalibrating its grand strategy enabling it to get closer to China. The country has received large Chinese investment to start several infrastructural projects in Pakistan as part of the Belt and Road Initiative. We argue that Pakistan is making a grave strategic mistake. Its partnership with China is unnatural and it will count against its core interests in the future. We suggest that Pakistan should reorient its grand strategy in order to bring it closer to Western democracies. Doing so will ensure greater security, economic development and sovereign independence for Pakistan.</p

Wakaf Produktif di Negara Sekuler: Kasus Singapura dan Thailand

Dalam Islam beberapa aktifitas yang potensial untuk dikembangkan dalam mengatasi kemiskinan adalah wakaf. Wakaf selain berfungsi sebagi ibadah individual, juga sebagai ibadah sosial. Perkembangan wakaf tidak hanya terjadi pada negara – negara muslim saja tetapi juga pada negara – negara sekuler. Beberapa negara sekuler di kawasan Asia Tenggara adalah Singapura dan Thailand. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertama, manajemen wakaf produktif di Singapura tidak hanya berkontribusi pada masyarakat sosial dan kebutuhan keagamaan, di negara asal mereka dan bahkan manfaatnya dirasakan sampai ke luar negeri seperti India, Yaman, Arab Saudi, dan Indonesia. Kedua, akuntabilitas dan transparansi yang kuat serta budaya muslim Singapura yang baik telah membuat semua aset wakaf dapat diaudit dengan benar. Ketiga, wakaf produktif di Thailand belum memiliki manajemen terintegrasi karena tidak adanya lembaga wakaf independen yang bertanggung jawab mengadministrasikan asset wakaf dan tidak Undang – Undang wakaf yang mengatur hal tersebut di Kerajaan Thailand sehingga asset wakaf sering kali mudah dirampas oleh pihak – pihak tertent

Internal Marketing Strategy and Employee Performance

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of internal marketing strategy on employee performance. More specifically, the study adopted the Greene et al (1994) domains of internal marketing such as: internal marketing promotion and reward systems as the predictor variable, while affective organizational commitment was adopted as the study moderating variable and employee performance as the criterion variable. The study adopted the quantitative research approach with the use of questionnaire instrument to elicit data from the target population; thereafter 150 employees were systematically selected from 10 service firms in the aviation sector located at the Port Harcourt International Airport of Nigeria; five insider contact men were used to distribute the questionnaire instrument. 126 units of the questionnaire were retrieved as used; the data generated were also analyzed using the Pearson Product moment Correlation Coefficient and Simple Regression with the support of SPSS version 18 to analyze the core data. Finding showed that internal marketing promotion has significant and positive impact on employee performance. Also, internal marketing reward systems showed a positive and significant impact on employee performance and a positive correlation was found between affective organizational commitment and employee performance. Therefore, this study has validated that internal marketing strategy is a strong tool for wining employee’s commitment to work especially in the Nigeria Aviation sector. , it recommend for the stakeholders and managers of firms in the Nigerian aviation industry to engage the internal marketing strategy to motivate its employees to be optimally productive. Also, the managers of the firm should play the transformational leadership roles to its employees rather than the transactional leadership style which has the possibility of declining employees work performance. However, the implication of implementing this study recommendations are that employees’ performance in terms of productivity will be enhanced. KEYWORDS: Internal Marketing; Affective Organizational Commitment; Internal Marketing Promotion; Reward Systems; Employee Performance; Aviation &amp;Nigeri