CHANGES OF GASTRiC AND ESOPHAGEAL MOTOR ACTiViTY AT SOME PATHOLOGiCAL CONDiTiONS OF STOMACH

The article reviews problem, of changes of gastric and esophageal motor activity at the pathologies of gastrointestinal tract. Obtained data allow to estimate value of gastric motor activity in the pathogenesis of such diseases as chronic gastritis, ulcerous disease and. others, to give more definite recommendations for the diagnostics and. treatment of patients with diseases of gastrointestinal tract

The experience of surgical treatment of cardiac tumors

The article analyzes diagnostics, surgical treatment and remote results of treatment of 28 patients with cardiac tumors. The most frequently observed cardiac tumor was myxoma of left atrium. (89,3 %). The frequency of cardiac tumors in our investigation was 0,5 % from the total number of cardiac surgeries. Most frequently clinical manifestations were associated with mitral valve obstruction. Echocardioscopy and. transesophageal echocardiography that allow to determine localization, attachment spot, size and character of the tumor in 99-100 % of cases are the basic diagnostic techniques. Cardiac tumor requires urgency of intervention, especially for patients with high risk of embolization at the occurrence of large mobile myxomes with uneven contours and at expressed clinical symptomatology. The most probable causes of death are valve occlusion and. emboly. Removal of cardiac tumors in the early periods after confirmation of diagnosis is an effective operation with good results in the early and remote postoperative periods

COMPLEX APPROACH IN TREATMENT OF ESOPHAGEAL CANCER

The article proves choice of the method of treatment of patients with esophageal cancer. The authors suppose that combined treatment of esophageal cancer with, preoperative and postoperative radio- and chemotherapy allows to improve remote results of surgical treatment

The Spectrum and Frequency of Inner Ear Anomalies in Patients with Congenital Hearing Impairment in Yakutia

Objective. To analyze the spectrum and frequency of inner ear anomalies in patients with congenital hearing impairment in Yakutia.Material and methods. A total of 165 patients with congenital hearing impairment were surveyed. All the patients were examined by an audiologist, an educational audiologist, and a neuropsychiatrist. All the patients underwent X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT) of temporal bone structures (which was supplemented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in some cases).Results. Based on modern ideas about inner ear anomalies and their classification, the authors first analyzed the spectrum and frequency of inner ear anomalies in patients with congenital hearing impairment in Yakutia. Inner ear malformations were identified in 16 (9.7%) of the 165 patients with hearing impairment, which corresponds to that in the previously studied samples of deaf people in different countries (from 3% to 35%). Of the inner ear structures, the cochlea and vestibule were more commonly affected. Abnormalities of the internal auditory meatus, semicircular canals, and vestibular aqueduct were less common. In general, the spectrum of anomalies was represented by 7 different malformations. Incomplete partition type II (IP-II) (34.3%) came first in incidence among all the abnormalities. Incomplete partition type III (IP-III) (18.7%) ranked second in incidence. The expansion of the internal auditory meatus (12.5%) and vestibular aqueduct (12.5%) occupied the third place. Inner ear anomalies occurred as concurrences that are difficult to interpret and classify in half (50%) of all the cases.Conclusion. Analysis of the spectrum and frequency of temporal bone abnormalities in Yakutia suggests that every 10 patients with congenital hearing impairment have one or another inner ear structural malformation (9.7%) and require accurate and timely diagnosis using up-to-date X-ray CT and MRI techniques