Orientation, substructure, and optical properties of rutile films

The orientation, optical properties, and substructure of rutile films prepared by thermal and pulsed photon assisted oxidation of single crystal Ti films were investigated by transmission electron micros copy, optical spectroscopy, and high energy electron diffractionyesBelgorod State Universit

ГУСТОТА СЕМЕННЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ ОГУРЦА ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ КАПЕЛЬНОГО ОРОШЕНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЛЕСОСТЕПИ УКРАИНЫ

The results of three-year study of density of cucumber seed-plants when using drop irrigation in condition and planting system 50+90 сm are shown. The optimal plant density for seed production purposes is 70 thousand plants on 1 hectare.Приведены результаты изучения различной густоты стояний растений при выращивании огурца на семенные цели на фоне капельного орошения при схеме размещения 50+90 см, которые свидетельствуют, что оптимальной густотой стояния является 70 тыс. растений на 1 га

КООРДИНАЦИЯ СЕМЕНОВОДСТВА В СТРАНАХ СНГ

On January 25-26, 2018 in Samarkand (Republic of Uzbekistan) on the basis of the Samarkand Agricultural Institute the 19th meeting was held Intergovernmental Coordination Council on seed production of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The participants of the international meeting considered the creation and introduction of new selection varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops, discussed topics related to the introduction of resource-saving technologies in selection, variety testing, and seed production. 25-26 января 2018 года в Самарканде (Республика Узбекистан) на базе Самаркандского сельскохозяйственного института состоялось 19-е заседание Межправительственного координационного совета по вопросам семеноводства Содружества Независимых Государств. Участники международного совещания рассмотрели вопросы создания и внедрения в производство новых селекционных сортов и гибридов сельскохозяйственных культур, обсудили темы, касающиеся внедрения ресурсосберегающих технологий в селекции, сортоиспытании, семеноводстве.

Factors affecting DH plants <i>in vitro</i> production from microspores of European radish

Over the recent years the market demand for scaling up the production of European radish (Raphanus sativus L.) varieties and hybrids for open and protected production, varying in ripeness group, root shape and color, has drastically increased. Therefore, the expansion of genetic diversity and acceleration of the selection process are important. Doubled haploid technology considerably curtails the time required for creation of homozygous constant parental cell lines when in vitro microspore culture is used as the most promising method. For the first time, we were able to realize the full production cycle of DH plants of European radish by in vitro microspore culture up to inclusion of the produced material into the selection process. We have selected: preferable flower bud size, heat shock parameters, induction and regeneration media. It was revealed that linear length on the flower buds with the best possible stage of microspore development is genotype-specific: the flower bud length 2.8-3.3 mm is optimal for accessions of Rhodes and 3.7-4.2 mm is optimal for accessions of Teplichny Gribovsky. Heat shock at 32 °C for 48 hours is the most suitable for most genotypes. For the first time Murashige and Skoog based culture medium has been used for embryogenesis induction, and a major dependence of embryogenesis induction on the genotype x medium interaction was found. At regeneration and tiller stage it is advisable to add 1 mg/mL of benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/L of gibberellic acid to the medium, and rotting of micro-sprouts is performed with the use of hormone-free medium. Analysis of the produced regenerant plants by chromosome count and cell nucleus flow cytometry showed that 69 % of plants have a diploid chromosome set, 9 % have a haploid chromosome set, and 22 % have mixoploids and aneu-ploids chromosome sets. The seed progeny from doubled haploids and mixoploids were obtained by self-pollination, where all R1 plants had a doubled set of chromosomes. This study launches the development of an efficient method of radish doubled haploid production to be used in the selection process

Fraud in the banking system of Ukraine: ways to combat taking into account foreign experience

The article aims to identify effective ways to combat bank fraud in Ukraine. Using the method of systematic analysis of theoretical experience, practical measures and international legislation in the field of combating banking fraud, the main factors influencing the bank fraud level are identified: financial instability of the banking institution, lack of information about the client's credit history, poor internal control, low level of corporate governance, lack of a standard procedure for customers verification, lack of a unified register of bank employees, imperfect legal regulators and a banking control system. The study allowed to identify the characteristics of an effective banking fraud combating system: a clear definition of the legal framework, regulation subjects and objects, strict and guaranteed liability for violations of laws, cooperation of structural units and regulatory authorities at the domestic and international level, state control of financial monitoring. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the successful experience of developed countries, comprehensive implementation of measures to combat bank fraud (at the legislative, bank management and technological level) will not only reduce the level of bank fraud, but also corruption, money laundering and terrorist financing rate

The 100th anniversary of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, the leader of Russian scientific vegetable growing

This year, the staff of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center (FSVC) celebrates their 100th anniversary. Prof. S. I. Zhegalov was the recognized founder of the institution, which was reorganized from Gribovo Vegetable Experimental Station. Its team started with 14 employees, and the experimental crop area was slightly less than 4 hectares. In a short period of time (1920 to 1927), 74 cultivars of the most popular vegetable crops and a number of flower crop varieties were developed and improved. The second period of the Station’s development (1937 to 1966) was associated with the name of Acad. E. I. Ushakova. During this period, a pleiad of talented scientific plant breeders emerged and thrived: A. V. Alpatyev, S. P. Agapova, E. M. Popova, A. D. Plinka, Yu. A. Kobyakova, and others. In 1971, Gribovo Experimental Station was transformed into the All-Union Scientific Research Institute for Breeding and Seed Production of Vegetable Crops (VNIISSOK). The Institute was headed by Acad. P. F. Sokol. Under his leadership, capacity building and logistic support of the Institute were promoted: new facilities were built, and the experimental production network was expanded. Despite the difficulties associated with the reorganization and the financial and political situation in the country in 1992–2017, the staff achieved significant results during the years of the directorship by Acad. V. F. Pivovarov. New cultivars were developed to meet the demand; they occupied more than 50% of the crop area under vegetables across the country. Each year, the Institute produced 200–300 tons of elite and cultivar seeds. In 2017, the Institute was merged into the Federal Scientific Vege table Center as the keystone element. The Center also incorporated the All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Production and seven experiment stations throughout the Russian Federation. The Institute has been successfully cooperating with the N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) for many years, exchanging germplasm materials and experience, and jointly developing vegetable cultivars

АНАЛИЗ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ОЦЕНКИ СРЕД КАК ФОНОВ ДЛЯ ОТБОРА НА НИЗКИЙ УРОВЕНЬ НАКОПЛЕНИЯ РАДИОНУКЛИДОВ КАПУСТОЙ КИТАЙСКОЙ И ПЕКИНСКОЙ

The study is aimed to examine the environmental conditions and backgrounds in Russian Federationand Republicof Belarusfor utilization for breeding of Chinese cabbage and Pack Choi for resistance to accumulation of the radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr.Работа посвящена изучению и оценке сред в Российской Федерации и Республике Беларусь для использования в селекции капусты китайской и пекинской на устойчивость к накоплению радионуклидов 137Cs и 90Sr

Legal foundations of stimulating fiscal policy in the EU

The relevance of the study lies in the fact that in the realities of modern economic dynamics and the transformation of socio-economic systems of the EU countries, the legal framework of stimulus fiscal policy is becoming a key tool for restoring economic growth, supporting businesses, and ensuring sustainable social justice. The purpose of this study is to systematize and analyse the specific legal instruments and provisions that underpin stimulus fiscal policy in the EU. The methods used include analytical method, statistical method, functional method, system analysis method, deduction method, synthesis method and comparison method. The study examined various aspects of fiscal regulation aimed at supporting economic development and social stability in the EU. The study is based on the analysis of tax mechanisms, financial instruments and budgetary strategies used to stimulate certain aspects of the economy. In particular, the impact of tax exemptions and privileges on entrepreneurship and investment activity was examined, as well as the effectiveness of fiscal measures to support small and medium-sized enterprises in countries such as Ireland, Poland, and Germany. The latest EU initiatives to stimulate innovation and green technologies were also studied, considering their legal and financial aspects. The main challenges and obstacles that arise in the process of implementing stimulating fiscal policies are highlighted, and possible ways to overcome these difficulties are identified. The study also draws attention to the interaction between fiscal policy and other areas of legislation, such as social and environmental policy, in particular, in the context of achieving sustainable development goals. The practical significance of this study is to provide concrete recommendations for EU governments on how to optimize legal and fiscal instruments aimed at stimulating economic development, innovation, and social stabilit