On the Study of Scythian Mobility Based on Paleoanthropological Materials

Introduction. The paper is about the study of the human skeletal remains isotopic composition from Middle Don burial mounds of the Scythian time to characterize the population mobility. Methods and materials. The materials from the monuments of Kolbino 1, Ternovoe 1, Gorki I, Devitsa V, Durovka are considered. Data on the isotopic composition of strontium enamel in teeth and bone tissue is used to estimate the mobility of the population. Information on the isotopic composition of bone carbon collagen and nitrogen is also used to reconstruct food models that reflect cultural traditions as well as environmental patterns. Analysis. Values of 87/86 Sr of bone and tooth enamel are considered as markers of an individuals stay at different ages in a territory similar or different by geochemical parameters to regional Middle Don. Data on the isotopic composition of nitrogen and carbon in bone tissue from the burial mounds are considered with broad comparative data of the steppe Eurasian population of the Early Iron Age. Results. The authors discuss carbon delta values marking the use of C4 type photosynthesis plants. Millet is this cultural plant in Eurasian history of the Early Iron Age. This plant is widely spread in all steppe and nomadic cultures. The individual variability of carbon delta of Middle Don population is increased compared to all others. There are individuals who differ from the majority in lower carbon deltas corresponding to the C3 type of photosynthesis. This feature is proposed to consider as an evidence of contacts with the territories with the antique agriculture traditions

The frequency of sarcopenia and factors affecting appendicular muscle mass in patients with systemic sclerosis

Aim. To determine the frequency of sarcopenia (SP) and to identify factors associated with the muscle mass in women with systemic sclerosis (SSc).Materials and methods. The study included 64 women with SSc aged 40–70 years. Questionnaires, clinical, instrumental, laboratory examinations and absorptiometry. Linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors associat ed with appendicular muscle mass (AMM).Results. Probable SP was detected in 35 (54.7 %), and confirmed SP – 17 (26.5 %) women with SSc. The frequency of SP did not differ depending on the form of the disease. Univariate linear analysis revealed the relationship between the AMM and BMI, nutritional status; mid-upper arm, waist, hip and calf circumferences, skin Rodnan score, cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (GC) and BMD of the proximal hip. Multivariate linear analysis confirmed the presence of associations between the AMM index and BMI (b = 0.65; p <0.001), the Rodnan skin score (b = –0.19; p = 0.047), the cumulative dose of GC (b = –0.22; p = 0.021).Conclusion. The study demonstrated that more than a quarter of patients with SSc had a confirmed SP. Although age is the main risk factor for SP in the general population, in our study it did not differ between patients with low and normal AMM. The cumulative dose of GC and the Rodnan skin score were negatively, and BMI was positively associated with the value of AMМ

TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN REAL CLINICAL PRACTICE: FREQUENCY OF PRESCRIPTIONS AND THERAPY ADHERENCE WITHIN THE FIRST YEAR AFTER OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURE

Objective: to estimate the frequency of prescription for antiosteoporotic agents in real clinical practice and treatment adherence within a year after experienced low-trauma osteoporotic fracture (LOF). Subjects and methods. A questionnaire survey was made in 192 subjects aged over 50 years (mean age 66±8 years) who had sustained fractures at different sites after a fall from standing height. Therapy and its compliance were assessed 4 and 12 months after LOF. Results. One hundred and five (55%) patients received therapy, including 80 (73%) took only calcium preparations and vitamin D; 9 (8%), 15 (14%), and 5 (5%) patients had calcitonin, bisphosphonates, and strontium ranelate, respectively. At the same time, 87 (45%) subjects were given no antiosteoporotic drugs for a year after fracture. Throughout the follow-up, 42% of the respondents received treat- ment; 18% interrupted it within the first 4 months after fracture, and 40% started therapy 4 months or later (mean 6.5 months) after it. The reason for the absence of treatment was no recommendations by a traumatologist or primary care specialists in 49% of cases. Among those taking the drugs, treatment was recommended by the specialists of the Osteoporosis Center, Research Institute of Rheumatology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, in 89% of cases and by primary care specialists in only 11%.Conclusion. The study indicated that after LOF, the patients did not receive adequate antiosteoporotic therapy, at the same time 49% had no respective recommendations made by traumatologists or primary care physicians. The frequency of prescription for pathogenic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis was considerably increased during patient observation in a specialized osteoporosis center

The Triple Higgs Boson Self-Coupling at Future Linear e+e- Colliders Energies: ILC and CLIC

We analyzed the triple Higgs boson self-coupling at future $e^{+}e^{-}$ colliders energies, with the reactions $e^{+}e^{-}\to b \bar b HH, t \bar t HH$. We evaluate the total cross-sections for both $b\bar bHH$ and $t\bar tHH$, and calculate the total number of events considering the complete set of Feynman diagrams at tree-level. We vary the triple coupling $\kappa\lambda_{3H}$ within the range $\kappa=-1$ and +2. The numerical computation is done for the energies expected to be available at a possible Future Linear $e^{+}e^{-}$ Collider with a center-of-mass energy $800, 1000, 1500$ $GeV$ and a luminosity 1000 $fb^{-1}$. Our analysis is also extended to a center-of-mass energy 3 $TeV$ and luminosities of 1000 $fb^{-1}$ and 5000 $fb^{-1}$. We found that for the process $e^{+}e^{-}\to b \bar b HH$, the complete calculation differs only by 3% from the approximate calculation $e^{+}e^{-}\to ZHH(Z\to b\bar b)$, while for the process $e^{+}e^{-}\to t \bar tHH$, the expected number of events, considering the decay products of both $t$ and $H$, is not enough to obtain an accurate determination of the triple Higgs boson self-coupling.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figure

Distribuição, prevalência e novas raças fisiológicas de ferrugem-do-colmo-do-trigo, no Brasil, de 1974 a 1978

Races 11, 11/65, 11/74, 11/78, 15/65, 15/78, 17, 17/61 and 17/63 of wheat stem rust (Puccinia greminis Pers. f.sp. tritici Ericks & Henn) were identified on 1,555 samples collected from 1974 to 1978 in the Brazilian wheat regions. Race 11/78 was determined for the first time on a sample collected in 1976, and race 15/78, in 1977. The most prevalent races during this period were 11/74 and 15/65. The genes Sr 22, Sr 24, Sr 25, Sr 26, Sr 27 confer resistance to all occurrent races.Foram estudadas 1.555 amostras, de ferrugem-do-colmo-do-trigo Puccinia graminis Pers. f.sp. tritici Eriks & E. Henn, colhidas nas zonas tritícolas brasileiras, nos anos de 1974 a 1978, nas quais foram identificadas as raças 11, 11/65, 11/74, 11/78, 15/65, 15/78, 17, 17/61 e 17/63. A raça 11/78 foi determinada, pela primeira vez, em amostra colhida em 1976, e a 15/78, em 1977. As raças mais ocorrentes neste período foram a 11/74 e a 15/65. Os genes Sr 22, Sr 24, Sr 25, Sr 26 e Sr 27, conferem resistência a todas as raças ocorrentes

Pedagogical management of civil education of research universities students

© 2016, Econjournals. All rights reserved.The relevance of the study is reasoned by the contradictory interaction of Western and Eastern civilizations and the need of society in preparing of professionals who are not only competitive in the labor market, but also aware of the responsibility for the implementation of civil rights and duties and are able to fulfill their civic duty. The purpose of the article is to identify the characteristics of the pedagogical management of civil education of research universities’ students. The leading method is the method of action research, allowing to obtain new knowledge about the pedagogical management of process of civil education of students, aimed at formation of sustainable civil qualities and characterizing their speakers as entities of legal, moral, political, social and economic relations in state-public education. The article reveals the essence and function (cognitive, ethical humanist, cognitive) of students’ civic education; clarifies the contents of civic education; determines the pedagogical conditions of students’ civil education (the formation of civic consciousness, the development of civic initiative and civic responsibility and participation in civic activities). Article Submissions may be useful for teachers of research universities; for centers of personnel training and retraining in the selection and structuring of the content of professional development of the research universities’ teaching staff

Остеопороз и его осложнения:приверженность лечению и возможности ее повышения

Objective. To estimate patient adherence to treatment with antiosteoporotic drugs within the first year after experienced low-trauma osteoporotic fractures (LOF). Material and methods. The data of a questionnaire survey were analyzed in 172 women aged 50 years or older (mean age 66+8 years) who had sustained fractures at different sites after a fall from standing height, were analyzed. Therapy and its compliance were assessed 12 months after LOF. Results and discussion. Among the 172 respondents, 55% received therapy, including 73% took only calcium preparations and vitamin D; 8% calcitonin; 14% bisphosphonates; 5% strontium ranelate. At the same time, 45% of those asked were given no antiosteoporotic drugs within the first year of life after fracture. Only 42%> continued to receive treatment following 12 months; 18% interrupted it within the first 4 months after fracture. Conclusion. In real clinical practice, osteoporosis was not treated in the majority of patients within the first year after LOF. One of the major reasons why it is not treated is the high cost of pathogenetic drugs. This reason can be successfully eliminated using generic drugs.Цель исследования - оценить приверженность пациентов лечению противоостеопоротическими препаратами в течение первого года после перенесенного малотравматичного остеопоротического перелома (МОП). Материал и методы. Проанализированы данные анкетирования 172 женщин 50 лет и старше (средний возраст - 66+8 лет), перенесших переломы различных локализаций в результате падения с высоты собственного роста. Оценка назначения терапии и приверженности лечению осуществлялась через 12 мес после МОП. Результаты и их обсуждение. Среди 172 анкетированных 55% пациенток получали терапию, в том числе 73% - только препараты кальция и витамина D, 8% - кальцитонин, 14% - бисфосфонаты и 5% - стронция ранелат. В то же время 45% опрошенных не получали никаких противоостеопоротических препаратов в течение первого года после перелома. Через 12 мес продолжали получать лечение только 42%> опрошенных, а прервали его в течение первых 4 мес после перелома - 18%. Заключение. В реальной клинической практике в течение первого года после МОП у большинства пациенток лечение остеопороза не проводилось. Одна из основных причин отсутствия терапии - высокая стоимость патогенетических препаратов. Данная причина может быть успешно устранена в случае применения дженерических лекарственных средств

Multiplicity Distributions in b→s gluonb\rightarrow s\ gluon Decays

The final states for the process $b \rightarrow s\ \gamma$ have been extensively discussed in the literature. Similarly-detailed analyses for the case $b \rightarrow s\ gluon$ have not been performed. Generally this process is searched for in 2-body decays such as ${\rm B}^0 \rightarrow {\rm K}^+ \pi^-$. We present simple arguments to suggest that most of the time the quark-level process will give rise to final states with rather high multiplicities. Comments are made about the applicability of these results to $b \rightarrow d\ gluon$ and hadronic $b\rightarrow u$ decays.Comment: 11 pages, uuencoded postscript fil

Физическая активность и композиционный состав тела у больных ревматоидным артритом

Objective: to evaluate physical activity (PA) and its relationship with body composition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Patients and methods. The study included 93 women with RA. A standardized questionnaire survey, anthropometric measurements, laboratory work up, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were conducted to assess body composition and bone mineral density. The level of PA was determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).Results and discussion. The IPAQ survey showed that 46 (49.5%), 41 (44.1%) and 6 (6.4%) patients had high, moderate and low levels of PA, respectively. The patients did not differ in clinical and anamnestic, laboratory and instrumental data depending on the level of PA. Correlations were found between total energy expenditure by IPAQ and daily food calcium intake (r=0.26, p=0.012), shoulder circumference (r=0.22, p=0.042) and postmenopausal duration (r=-0.27, p=0.016). The relationship between the sarcopenic phenotype (SP) and the time of vigorous physical activity less than 15 minutes per day was revealed (odds ratio, OR 6.31; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.75–22.71; p=0.004), between the frequency of moderate physical exercise and walking less than 4 times a week (OR 4.09; 95% CI 1.16–14.47; p=0.027 and OR 4.73; 95% CI 1.24–18.07; p=0.021, respectively), the presence of osteoporosis – OD (OR 9.41; 95% CI 2.73–32.47; p <0.001). The risk of obesity increased with vigorous exercise less than 15 minutes per day (OR 3.03; 95% CI 1.11–8.29; p=0.029). The osteoporotic phenotype (OPP) was associated with patient age (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.05–1.19; p=0.001) and the presence of SP (OR 8.97; 95% CI 2.39– 33.60; p=0.001).Conclusion. Half of the patients had moderate and low level of PA, independent of age, RA duration and activity. SP was associated with insufficient PA and the presence of OPP. Obesity is also associated with lack of PA, while OPP is associated with age and the presence of SP.Цель исследования – оценить физическую активность (ФА) и ее связь с композиционным составом тела у больных ревматоидным артритом (РА).Пациенты и методы. В исследование включено 93 женщины с РА. Проводились опрос по унифицированной анкете, антропометрические измерения, лабораторное обследование и двуэхнергетическая рентгеновская абсорбциометрия для оценки композиционного состава тела и минеральной плотности кости. Уровень ФА определялся по Международному опроснику физической активности (IPAQ).Результаты и обсуждение. Опрос по IPAQ показал, что 46 (49,5%), 41 (44,1%) и 6 (6,4%) пациенток имели высокий, умеренный и низкий уровень ФА соответственно. Пациентки не различались по клинико-анамнестическим и лабораторно-инструментальным данным в зависимости от уровня ФА. Обнаружены корреляции суммарных энергетических затрат по IPAQ с суточным потреблением кальция с пищей (r=0,26, p=0,012), окружностью плеча (r=0,22, p=0,042) и длительностью постменопаузы (r=-0,27, p=0,016). Выявлена взаимосвязь саркопенического фенотипа (СФ) с временем интенсивной физической нагрузки <15 мин в день (отношение шансов, ОШ 6,31; 95% доверительный интервал, ДИ 1,75–22,71; р=0,004), частотой занятий с умеренной физической нагрузкой и пеших прогулок <4 раз в неделю (ОШ 4,09; 95% ДИ 1,16–14,47; р=0,027 и ОШ 4,73; 95% ДИ 1,24–18,07; р=0,021 соответственно), наличием остеопороза – ОП (ОШ 9,41; 95% ДИ 2,73–32,47; р<0,001). Риск ожирения увеличивался при интенсивной физической нагрузке <15 мин в день (ОШ 3,03; 95% ДИ 1,11–8,29; р=0,029). Остеопоротический фенотип (ОПФ) ассоциировался с возрастом пациенток (ОШ 1,12; 95% ДИ 1,05–1,19; р=0,001) и наличием СФ (ОШ 8,97; 95% ДИ 2,39–33,60; р=0,001).Заключение. Половина больных имела средний и низкий уровень ФА, не зависевший от возраста, длительности и активности РА. СФ ассоциировался с недостаточной ФА и наличием ОП. Ожирение также связано с недостатком ФА, а ОПФ – с возрастом и наличием СФ