Results of the tibioperoneal trunk repair in patients with advanced atherosclerosis

Objective: To study immediate and long-term results of the tibioperoneal trunk repair (plastic reconstruction or prosthetic repair) during femoropopliteal bypass.Materials and methods: In our retrospective cohort study we analyzed surgical treatment results of 109 patients with lower extremities atherosclerosis who were treated in the Vascular Surgery Unit of Interregional Clinical Diagnostic Center (Kazan, Russian Federation) from 2018 to 2020. 26 (23.8%) patients were hospitalized for stage IB-IIA acute arterial insufficiency with atherothrombosis, and 83 (76.1%) patients were admitted with critical limb ischemia (CLI) as a result of advanced atherosclerosis. Among the CLI patients, 43 (39.4%) of them had stage III chronic arterial insufficiency, and 40 (36.7%) patients had stage IV chronic arterial insufficiency. The study selection criteria included extensive femoral and popliteal arteries disease and significant stenosis or occlusion of the tibioperoneal trunk. TASC II type C lesions were detected in 2 (1.8%) patients, while 107 (98.2%) patients were diagnosed with TASC II type D lesions. Based on the GLASS classification, all 109 (100%) patients had FP grade 3-4 femoropopliteal lesions with concomitant IP grade 1-4 tibial lesion. The main group included 24 (22%) patients who underwent femoropopliteal bypass with plastic or prosthetic repair of the tibioperoneal trunk using an original technique. The control group included 85 (78%) patients who underwent bypass surgery without the tibioperoneal trunk repair. Isolated femorotibial bypass was performed in 7 (8.2%) patients, and 78 (91.7%) patients underwent femoropopliteal bypass with a reversed autogenous vein.Results: We followed up patients for 2 years after surgery. Immediate technical success was 97.24% (106/109). Graft thrombosis was reported in 3 cases. No difference between the groups was observed. Long-term graft patency was significantly higher in the main group (P = .044) and significantly associated with age (RR = 0.96; 95% CI of 0.92 to 1.00, P = .03), type 2 diabetes mellitus (RR = 2.10; 95% CI of 1.10 to 4.10, P = .03), and history of the tibioperoneal trunk repair (RR = 0.43; 95% CI of 0.18 to 1.00, P = .06). Variables associated with patency in the univariate regression at a significance level P ≤ .1 were included in a multivariate model that demonstrated the combined effect of predictors on the outcome.Conclusions: Femoropopliteal bypass with the tibioperoneal trunk repair improves treatment results in patients with extensive peripheral artery disease and immediately threatened limbs or a threat to a limb within 2 years

К вопросу этносоциальной идентификации в приграничье

The Ethnosocial identification actualizes the issue of interaction of population groups on both sides of the border in a global world. The issue of dual ethnic identification of residents of border regions, their acquisition of new features of the neighboring cultural environment, the formation of a special border identity is raised. Similar examples exist in various countries of the world, including the European Union, the United States of America, the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation. Within the framework of the research, the author uses the following methods: historical, geopolitical and civilizational approaches, concrete historical, observation and generalization, systemic socio-political and ethnic analysis, synthesis. In the conclusions, he comes to the opinion that there is a need for a broad study of the issue of biethnors in the national sociological school, the actualization of this direction in our days.Этносоциальная идентификация актуализирует вопрос взаимодействия групп населения по обе стороны границы в условиях глобального мира. Поднимается вопрос двойной этнической идентификации жителей приграничных регионов, приобретении ими новых черт соседней культурной среды, формировании особенной пограничной идентичности. Подобные примеры есть в различных странах мира, в том числе Европейском Союзе, Соединенных Штатах Америки, Китайской народной республике и Российской Федерации. В рамках исследования автор использует следующие методы: исторический, геополитический и цивилизационный подходы, конкретноисторический, наблюдение и обобщение, системный социально-политический и этнический анализ, синтез. В выводах приходит к мнению о необходимости широкого изучения вопроса биэтноров отечественной социологической школе, актуализации данного направления в наши дни

Experience in Building Infectious Hospital for Treatment of Particularly Dangerous Infectious Diseases in the Republic of Guinea

Ebola treatment hospital was constructed within the frames of the West Africa support infinitive of the Russian Federation, in cooperation with the United Company “RUSAL”. Permanent building with bed capacity rated 60 and strict separation of clean area from hazard zone set this medical facility apart from tent camps, which are used by international organizations. For the first time ever, in West Africa, deployed was a strategy of waste decontamination using caustic. It is of note that due to biological safety procedure compliance, no case of nosocomial infection was registered during the whole time of operation. Commissioning of this hospital is an effective mechanism for Ebola virus disease control

Strategies for Abatement of Contamination of Tableted Live Plague Vaccine at Different Stages of Manufacturing

Nowadays, problem of tableted drug form contamination with extraneous micro-flora is in the spotlight of scientists, as the specific share of these medical preparations in the world market amounts to more than 60 % and has a tendency to increase. Thus, objective of the study is to investigate the degree of contamination of the basic and auxiliary raw materials at different stages of live plague vaccine manufacturing, rapid dissolving tablets, and the ways to reduce it. Materials and methods. Utilized has been lyophilized Y. pestis live culture of the vaccine strain EV NIIEG, and the live plague vaccine, rapid dissolving tablets. Carried out has been assessment of “microbiological purity” at different stages of tableted live plague vaccine manufacturing: grinding, mixing, granulation, sublimation, and palletizing. Results and conclusions. Identified is the dynamic pattern of quantitative micro-flora composition of the mentioned above drug. Established is the alteration of microbial impurity at separate technological manufacturing steps. Specified is the technological stage with the most expressed contamination. Analysis of factors, which affect vaccine impurity, has revealed that finished dosage-form quality improvement is impossible without incoming control of stock and auxiliary materials, as well as enhancement of manufacturing procedure up to the level, complying with applicable pharmaceutical production standards. It is experimentally proved that series of tableted live plague vaccine, obtained using modernized technological equipment, provide for 3-fold reduction of contamination

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЛАЗЕРНОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ ДЛИНОЙ ВОЛНЫ 662 НМ НА РОСТ MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN VITRO

Goal of the study: to define the effect of various doses of laser radiation with 662 nm wave on the growth of M. tuberculosis in vitro.Materials and methods. Samples of mycobacterial suspension of M. tuberculosis H37Rv were processed by monopositional light radiation (λ = 662 nm) in six dosing regimens varying in power and duration of the exposure to the light. All samples of mycobacterial suspension of M. tuberculosis were inoculated on the solid nutritional media of Lowenstein-Jensen in triplets for each dose of the exposure to light. Cultures were incubated under 37°С for 90 days with weekly inspection of samples.Results. Continuous irradiation by diffused laser with 662 nm wave provides the most expressed bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects against M. tuberculosis H37Rv under the density of the energy dose of 234.5 and 703.5 of J/sq.cm. Such a dose was obtained through 5 and 15-minute exposure respectively. Цель исследования: установить in vitro влияние различных доз лазерного излучения длиной волны 662 нм на ростовые свойства M. tuberculosis.Материалы и методы. Воздействие на образцы микобактериальной взвеси M. tuberculosis H37Rv осуществляли непрерывным монопозиционным световым излучением (λ = 662 нм) в шести режимах дозирования, зависящих от мощности и длительности светового воздействия. Инокуляция всех образцов суспензий микобактерий туберкулеза осуществлялась на плотные питательные среды Левенштейна – Йенсена в триплетах для каждой дозы светового воздействия. Инкубация посевов осуществлялась при 37°С в течение 90 дней с еженедельным пересмотром образцов.Результаты. Непрерывное излучение полупроводникового лазера с длиной волны 662 нм обладает наиболее выраженными бактериостатическими и бактерицидными эффектами в отношении M. tuberculosis H37Rv при плотности дозы энергии 234,5 и 703,5 Дж/см2 . Такая доза была получена при 5- и 15-минутной экспозиции соответственно.

Enantioselective component selection in multicomponent supramolecular gels

We investigate a two-component acid-amine gelation system in which chirality plays a vital role. A carboxylic acid based on a second generation l-lysine dendron interacts with chiral amines and subsequently assembles into supramolecular gel fibers. The chirality of the amine controls the assembly of the resulting diastereomeric complexes, even if this chirality is relatively "poor quality". Importantly, the selective incorporation of one enantiomer of an amine over the other into the gel network has been demonstrated, with the R amine that forms complexes which assemble into the most stable gel being primarily selected for incorporation. Thermodynamic control has been proven by forming a gel exclusively with an S amine, allowing the R enantiomer to diffuse through the gel network, and displacing it from the "solidlike" fibers, demonstrating that these gels adapt and evolve in response to chemical stimuli to which they are exposed. Excess amine, which remains unincorporated within the solidlike gel fiber network, can diffuse out and be reacted with an isocyanate, allowing us to quantify the enantioselectivity of component selection but also demonstrating how gels can act as selective reservoirs of potential reagents, releasing them on demand to undergo further reactions; hence, component-selective gel assembly can be coupled with controlled reactivity