Strategi Pengembangan USAha Agrowisata di Kebun Benih Hortikultura, Tohudan, Colomadu, Karanganyar

: The purpose of the research are to know the revenue in one year, knowing the factors internally and externally which became strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, knowing a good alternative strategies to be formulated and know the priority good strategy to be applied in Kebun Benih Hortikultura Tohudan, Colomadu, Karanganyar. The basic methode of research is a descriptive analysis. Location of research in Kebun Benih Hortikultura Tohudan, Colomadu, Karanganyar. The data used are primary and secondary data. The analysis of the data used are (1) Revenue analysis, (2) Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), (3) External Factor Evaluation (EFE), (4) SWOT, (5) QSPM. The result showed that income received by Kebun Benih Hortikultura Tohudan, Colomadu, Karanganyar in one year is Rp 65.766.000,00. Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) showed the garden have six strengths and nine weaknesses. External Factor Evaluation (EFE) showed the garden have six opportunities and five threats. SWOT analysis showed the alternatives strategies that can be applied are utilize advances in technology information to promoting and marketing, building a relationship of cooperation with the investor, expand marketing production result and improve the situation of the garden to make it more interesting. QSPM showed a good strategy priorities to be applied is improve the situation of the garden to make it more interesting

Aromatic Chelator-Specific Lattice Architecture and Dimensionality in Binary and Ternary Cu(II)-Organophosphonate Materials

Synthetic efforts linked to the design of defined lattice dimensionality and architecture materials in the binary/ternary systems of Cu­(II) with butylene diamine tetra­(methylene phosphonic acid) (H₈BDTMP) and heterocyclic organic chelators (pyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline) led to the isolation of new copper organophosphonate compounds, namely, Na₆[Cu₂(BDTMP)­(H₂O)₄]·[Cu₂(BDTMP)­(H₂O)₄]_0.5·26H₂O (<b>1</b>), [Cu₂(H₄BDTMP)­(py)₄]·2H₂O (<b>2</b>), and [Cu₂(H₄BDTMP)­(phen)₂]_<i>n</i>·6.6<i>n</i>H₂O·1.5<i>n</i>MeOH (<b>3</b>). <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> are the first compounds isolated from the Cu­(II)-BDTMP family of species. They were characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, UV–vis), magnetic susceptibility, TGA-DTG, cyclic voltammetry, and X-ray crystallography. The lattice in <b>1</b> reveals the presence of discrete dinuclear Cu­(II) units bound to BDTMP^8– and water molecules in a square pyramidal geometry. The molecular lattice of <b>2</b> reveals the presence of ternary dinuclear assemblies of Cu­(II) ions bound to H₄BDTMP^4– and pyridine in a square pyramidal environment. The molecular lattice of <b>3</b> reveals the presence of dinuclear assemblies of Cu­(II) ions bound to H₄BDTMP^4– and 1,10-phenanthroline in a square pyramidal environment, with the organophosphonate ligand serving as the connecting link to abutting dinuclear Cu­(II) assemblies in a ternary polymeric system. The magnetic susceptibility data on <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, and <b>3</b> suggest that compounds <b>1</b> and <b>3</b> exhibit a stronger antiferromagnetic behavior than <b>2</b>, which is also confirmed from magnetization measurements. The physicochemical profiles of <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> (a) earmark the influence of the versatile H₈BDTMP ligand as a metal ion binder on the chemical reactivity in binary and ternary systems of Cu­(II) in aqueous and nonaqueous media and (b) denote the correlation of ligand hydrophilicity, aromaticity, denticity, charge, and H-bonding interactions with emerging defined Cu­(II)–H₈BDTMP structures of distinct lattice identity and spectroscopic-magnetic properties. Collectively, such structural and chemical factors formulate the interplay and contribution of binary and ternary interactions to lattice architecture and specified properties of new Cu­(II)–organophosphonate materials with defined 2D–3D dimensionality

Binary and Ternary Metal–Organic Hybrid Polymers in Aqueous Lead(II)–Dicarboxylic Acid–(Phen) Systems. The Influence of O- and S‑Ligand Heteroatoms on the Assembly of Distinct Lattice Architecture, Dimensionality, and Spectroscopic Properties

Poised to understand the influence of O- and S-heteroatoms on the chemical reactivity of dicarboxylic acids toward Pb­(II), leading to crystalline metal–organic hybrid materials with distinct lattice architecture, dimensionality, and spectroscopic properties, the synthesis and physicochemical properties of binary/ternary Pb­(II)–(O,S)-dicarboxylic acid–(phenanthroline) systems was investigated in aqueous media. pH-specific hydrothermal reactions of Pb­(II) with O- and S-dicarboxylic acid ligands and phenanthroline (phen) afforded the variable dimensionality metal–organic Pb­(II) polymers [Pb₃(oda)₃]_<i>n</i> (<b>1</b>), [Pb­(phen)­(oda)]_<i>n</i> (<b>2</b>), [Pb­(tda)]_<i>n</i> (<b>3</b>), and [Pb­(phen)­(tda)]_<i>n</i> (<b>4</b>). The choice of O- vs S-ligands in the aqueous systems of Pb­(II) and phenanthroline is linked to the emergence of distinct lattice composition–dimensionality (2D–3D) changes at the binary and ternary level, bestowing spectroscopic fingerprint identity to Pb­(II) coordination and luminescence activity

Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies

Iron is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with metal M­(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe­(III)/Fe­(II) toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of: (a) [Fe₃O­(CH₃COO)₆(H₂O)₃]·(NO₃)·4H₂O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5, respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe­(III)–quinato complexes, [Fe₇O₃(OH)₃(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·20.5H₂O (<b>1</b>) and (NH₄)­[Fe₇(OH)₆(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·(SO₄)₂·18H₂O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic (UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV, TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies of six Fe­(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and one Fe­(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion. Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe­(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment. EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b) precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe­(II,III)-hydroxy­carboxylato systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear Fe­(III)–hydroxy­carboxylato clusters with distinct lattice architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic signature

Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies

Iron is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with metal M­(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe­(III)/Fe­(II) toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of: (a) [Fe₃O­(CH₃COO)₆(H₂O)₃]·(NO₃)·4H₂O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5, respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe­(III)–quinato complexes, [Fe₇O₃(OH)₃(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·20.5H₂O (<b>1</b>) and (NH₄)­[Fe₇(OH)₆(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·(SO₄)₂·18H₂O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic (UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV, TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies of six Fe­(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and one Fe­(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion. Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe­(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment. EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b) precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe­(II,III)-hydroxy­carboxylato systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear Fe­(III)–hydroxy­carboxylato clusters with distinct lattice architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic signature

Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies

Iron is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with metal M­(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe­(III)/Fe­(II) toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of: (a) [Fe₃O­(CH₃COO)₆(H₂O)₃]·(NO₃)·4H₂O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5, respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe­(III)–quinato complexes, [Fe₇O₃(OH)₃(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·20.5H₂O (<b>1</b>) and (NH₄)­[Fe₇(OH)₆(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·(SO₄)₂·18H₂O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic (UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV, TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies of six Fe­(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and one Fe­(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion. Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe­(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment. EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b) precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe­(II,III)-hydroxy­carboxylato systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear Fe­(III)–hydroxy­carboxylato clusters with distinct lattice architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic signature

Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies

Iron is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with metal M­(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe­(III)/Fe­(II) toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of: (a) [Fe₃O­(CH₃COO)₆(H₂O)₃]·(NO₃)·4H₂O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5, respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe­(III)–quinato complexes, [Fe₇O₃(OH)₃(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·20.5H₂O (<b>1</b>) and (NH₄)­[Fe₇(OH)₆(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·(SO₄)₂·18H₂O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic (UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV, TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies of six Fe­(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and one Fe­(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion. Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe­(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment. EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b) precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe­(II,III)-hydroxy­carboxylato systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear Fe­(III)–hydroxy­carboxylato clusters with distinct lattice architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic signature

Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies

Iron is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with metal M­(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe­(III)/Fe­(II) toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of: (a) [Fe₃O­(CH₃COO)₆(H₂O)₃]·(NO₃)·4H₂O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5, respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe­(III)–quinato complexes, [Fe₇O₃(OH)₃(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·20.5H₂O (<b>1</b>) and (NH₄)­[Fe₇(OH)₆(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·(SO₄)₂·18H₂O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic (UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV, TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies of six Fe­(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and one Fe­(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion. Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe­(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment. EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b) precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe­(II,III)-hydroxy­carboxylato systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear Fe­(III)–hydroxy­carboxylato clusters with distinct lattice architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic signature

Heptanuclear Antiferromagnetic Fe(III)–d‑(-)-Quinato Assemblies with an <i>S</i> = 3/2 Ground StatepH-Specific Synthetic Chemistry, Spectroscopic, Structural, and Magnetic Susceptibility Studies

Iron is an essential metal ion with numerous roles in biological systems and advanced abiotic materials. d-(-)-Quinic acid is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with metal M­(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. In an effort to comprehend the chemical reactivity of well-defined forms of Fe­(III)/Fe­(II) toward α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, pH-specific reactions of: (a) [Fe₃O­(CH₃COO)₆(H₂O)₃]·(NO₃)·4H₂O with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 2.5 and (b) Mohr’s salt with d-(-)-quinic acid in a molar ratio 1:3 at pH 7.5, respectively, led to the isolation of the first two heptanuclear Fe­(III)–quinato complexes, [Fe₇O₃(OH)₃(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·20.5H₂O (<b>1</b>) and (NH₄)­[Fe₇(OH)₆(C₇H₁₀O₆)₆]·(SO₄)₂·18H₂O (<b>2</b>). Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were characterized by analytical, spectroscopic (UV–vis, FT-IR, EPR, and Mössbauer) techniques, CV, TGA-DTG, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The X-ray structures of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> reveal heptanuclear assemblies of six Fe­(III) ions bound by six doubly deprotonated quinates and one Fe­(III) ion bound by oxido- and hydroxido-bridges (<b>1</b>), and hydroxido-bridges (<b>2</b>), all in an octahedral fashion. Mössbauer spectroscopy on <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggests the presence of Fe­(III) ions in an all-oxygen environment. EPR measurements indicate that <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> retain their structure in solution, while magnetic measurements reveal an overall antiferromagnetic behavior with a ground state <i>S</i> = 3/2. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> suggest that the (a) nature of the ligand, (b) precursor form of iron, (c) pH, and (d) molecular stoichiometry are key factors influencing the chemical reactivity of the binary Fe­(II,III)-hydroxy­carboxylato systems, their aqueous speciation, and ultimately through variably emerging hydrogen bonding interactions, the assembly of multinuclear Fe­(III)–hydroxy­carboxylato clusters with distinct lattice architectures of specific dimensionality (2D–3D) and magnetic signature

pH-Specific Hydrothermal Assembly of Binary and Ternary Pb(II)-(O,N-Carboxylic Acid) Metal Organic Framework Compounds: Correlation of Aqueous Solution Speciation with Variable Dimensionality Solid-State Lattice Architecture and Spectroscopic Signatures

Hydrothermal pH-specific reactivity in the binary/ternary systems of Pb­(II) with the carboxylic acids <i>N</i>-hydroxyethyl-iminodiacetic acid (Heida), 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′,<i>N</i>′-tetraacetic acid (Dpot), and 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) afforded the new well-defined crystalline compounds [Pb­(Heida)]_<i>n</i>·<i>n</i>H₂O­(<b>1</b>), [Pb­(Phen)­(Heida)]·4H₂O­(<b>2</b>), and [Pb₃(NO₃)­(Dpot)]_<i>n</i>(<b>3</b>). All compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, solution or/and solid-state NMR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structures in <b>1</b>–<b>2</b> reveal the presence of a Pb­(II) center coordinated to one Heida ligand, with <b>1</b> exhibiting a two-dimensional (2D) lattice extending to a three-dimensional (3D) one through H-bonding interactions. The concurrent aqueous speciation study of the binary Pb­(II)–Heida system projects species complementing the synthetic efforts, thereby lending credence to a global structural speciation strategy in investigating binary/ternary Pb­(II)-Heida/Phen systems. The involvement of Phen in <b>2</b> projects the significance of nature and reactivity potential of N-aromatic chelators, disrupting the binary lattice in <b>1</b> and influencing the nature of the ultimately arising ternary 3D lattice. <b>3</b> is a ternary coordination polymer, where Pb­(II)-Dpot coordination leads to a 2D metal–organic-framework material with unique architecture. The collective physicochemical properties of <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> formulate the salient features of variable dimensionality metal–organic-framework lattices in binary/ternary Pb­(II)-(hydroxy-carboxylate) structures, based on which new Pb­(II) materials with distinct architecture and spectroscopic signature can be rationally designed and pursued synthetically