Wang Bi\u27s Annotation on Laozi\u27s Place in China and Japan: Focusing on Ogyu Sorai

Wang Bi\u27s Annotation on Laozi 『老子』王弼注 is considered one of the representative notes on Laozi. In Chinahowever, it was not until 1781 when this book was included in Sikuquanshu 『四庫全書』 that the study of Wang Bi\u27s note became popular. In Japan, while Wang Bi\u27s note was introduced before the 5th century, it received rare recognition until Okada Touin\u27s Laozi Daodejing Annotated by Wang Bi 岡田東贇 『老子道徳経王弼注』 published in 1734. However, further research reveals that Ogyu Sorai 荻生徂徠 had pointed out in Keishishiyohran 『経子史要覧』 that, in reading Laozi from the view of classical rhetoric 古文辞学 Wang Bi\u27s annotation should be referred to. Keishishiyohran was based on Sorai\u27s dictation before 1728, and it was earlier than both Okada Touin\u27s Laozi Annotated by Wang Bi (1734) and Sikuquanshu (1781). Therefore< judging from evidences currently available, it seems fair to conclude that Sorai was the pioneer who introduced Wang Bi\u27s annotation into the field of Laozi studies

Enthalpies of fusion and enthalpies of solvation of aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives: Estimation of sublimation enthalpies at 298.15 K

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Enthalpy of sublimation of solid compound can be found using the values of solution enthalpy and solvation enthalpy in any solvent. In this work enthalpies of solution at infinite dilution of a number of aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives in benzene were measured at 298.15 K. Comparison between experimental and literature solution enthalpies in benzene at 298.15 K and fusion enthalpies at melting temperature of aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives showed, that these values are approximately equal. Thereby, fusion enthalpies at melting temperature can be used instead of their solution enthalpies in benzene at 298.15 K for calculation of sublimation enthalpies at 298.15 K. Solvation enthalpies in benzene at 298.15 K required for this procedure were calculated using group additivity scheme. The sublimation enthalpies of 80 aromatic hydrocarbons derivatives at 298.15 K were evaluated as a difference between fusion enthalpies at melting temperature and solvation enthalpies in benzene at 298.15 K. Obtained in this work values of sublimation enthalpy at 298.15 K for studied compounds were in a good agreement with available literature data

"Additive" cooperativity of hydrogen bonds in complexes of catechol with proton acceptors in the gas phase: FTIR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations

Experimental study of hydrogen bond cooperativity in hetero-complexes in the gas phase was carried out by IR-spectroscopy method. Stretching vibration frequencies of OH groups in phenol and catechol molecules as well as of their complexes with nitriles and ethers were determined in the gas phase using a specially designed cell. OH groups experimental frequency shifts in the complexes of catechol induced by the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds are significantly higher than in the complexes of phenol due to the hydrogen bond cooperativity. It was shown that the cooperativity factors of hydrogen bonds in the complexes of catechol with nitriles and ethers in the gas phase are approximately the same. Quantum chemical calculations of the studied systems have been performed using density functional theory (DFT) methods. It was shown, that theoretically obtained cooperativity factors of hydrogen bonds in the complexes of catechol with proton acceptors are in good agreement with experimental values. Cooperative effects lead to a strengthening of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the complexes of catechol on about 30%, despite the significant difference in the proton acceptor ability of the bases. The analysis within quantum theory of atoms in molecules was carried out for the explanation of this fact. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

STATUS OF THE INVERSE FREE ELECTRON LASER EXPERIMENT AT THE NEPTUNE LABORATORY

Abstract We report on the status of the Inverse Free Electron Laser accelerator experiment under construction at the UCLA Neptune Laboratory. This experiment will use a 400 GW CO 2 laser to accelerate through a tapered undulator an electron beam from 14.5 MeV up to 55 MeV. The scheme proposed is the diffraction dominated IFEL interaction where the Rayleigh range of the laser beam is 3.5 cm, much shorter than the interaction length (the undulator length is 50 cm). The undulator is strongly tapered in both field and period. The present status of the experiment is reported

Status of the Inverse Free Electron Laser Experiment at the Neptune Laboratory

Abstract We report on the status of the Inverse Free Electron Laser accelerator experiment under construction at the UCLA Neptune Laboratory. This experiment will use a 400 GW CO 2 laser to accelerate through a tapered undulator an electron beam from 14.5 MeV up to 55 MeV. The scheme proposed is the diffraction dominated IFEL interaction where the Rayleigh range of the laser beam is 3.5 cm, much shorter than the interaction length (the undulator length is 50 cm). The undulator is strongly tapered in both field and period. The present status of the experiment is reported

Thermal analysis and calorimetric study of the combustion of hydrolytic wood lignin and products of its pyrolysis

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York. Thermal decomposition of hydrolyzed lignin is studied in the 300-700°C range in an inert gas atmosphere. The yields of solid, liquid, and gaseous decomposition products are determined. It is demonstrated by combustion calorimetry that the carbonaceous residue of lignin pyrolysis has the highest calorific value. The calorific value of the carbonaceous residue of pyrolysis resin is higher than that of the original lignin. It is shown by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry with mass spectrometric detection of gases that lignin and its thermal decomposition products could undergo thermolysis with formation of various volatile compounds. Thermal decomposition starts at roughly the same temperature and is 320°C. The loss of sample mass increases in the following sequence: carbonaceous residue < lignin < liquid fraction

New method for determination of vaporization and sublimation enthalpy of aromatic compounds at 298.15 K using solution calorimetry technique and group-additivity scheme

© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. In this work a new method for determination of vaporization/sublimation enthalpies of aromatic compounds directly at T = 298.15 K was developed. This method is based on the general relationship between vaporization/sublimation enthalpy and enthalpies of solution and solvation of the studied compound in any solvent. According to this method the procedure for determination of vaporization (liquids) or sublimation (solids) enthalpy includes measurement of the solution enthalpy of the compound in a selected solvent and calculation of the solvation enthalpy for this system. A group-additivity scheme for calculation of solvation enthalpies is proposed. The solvation enthalpy of compound is estimated from the solvation enthalpy of parent aromatic or heteroaromatic compound and contributions of the substituent groups. Limiting solution enthalpies of 34 aromatic compounds (substituted benzenes, naphthalenes, biphenyls, pyrene, anthracene and pyridines) in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, acetonitrile and N,N-dimethylformamide were measured in the present work at 298.15 K. Vaporization/sublimation enthalpies of 78 aromatic and heteroaromatic compounds were determined directly at 298.15 K using experimentally measured solution enthalpies and predicted values of solvation enthalpies. The results are in good agreement with available literature data

Effect of side groups on the properties of cationic polyaspartamides

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd Polyaspartamides with dialkylaminoalkyl and short chain alkyl side groups were synthesized and characterized in order to prepare polymer films. Their structure was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and their thermal decomposition temperature (T d ) was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The composition of the polymers was adjusted to obtain polyaspartamides with glass transition temperatures (T g ) at around room temperature and the relationship between the structure and the properties was examined. The dissolution profile of polymer films made of polyaspartamides was measured with the help of fluorescent marking to show that dissolution rate of the films depends on the pH and can be controlled by the composition of the polymers

Effect of side groups on the properties of cationic polyaspartamides

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd.Polyaspartamides with dialkylaminoalkyl and short chain alkyl side groups were synthesized and characterized in order to prepare polymer films. Their structure was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and their thermal decomposition temperature (Td) was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The composition of the polymers was adjusted to obtain polyaspartamides with glass transition temperatures (Tg) at around room temperature and the relationship between the structure and the properties was examined. The dissolution profile of polymer films made of polyaspartamides was measured with the help of fluorescent marking to show that dissolution rate of the films depends on the pH and can be controlled by the composition of the polymers

Effect of side groups on the properties of cationic polyaspartamides

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd Polyaspartamides with dialkylaminoalkyl and short chain alkyl side groups were synthesized and characterized in order to prepare polymer films. Their structure was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and their thermal decomposition temperature (T d ) was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The composition of the polymers was adjusted to obtain polyaspartamides with glass transition temperatures (T g ) at around room temperature and the relationship between the structure and the properties was examined. The dissolution profile of polymer films made of polyaspartamides was measured with the help of fluorescent marking to show that dissolution rate of the films depends on the pH and can be controlled by the composition of the polymers