Administrative Protection Measures Applied by Public Administration in Russia : Concept and Classification

The definition of administrative protection sphere and tasks of public administration in this sphere of public relations have been formulated in the article. Here is offered the classification of administrative protection measures, applied by public administration. The classification could serve as a landmark of urgency on complex systematization and unification of administrative and administrative procedure legislation in our country

About the Need of Reduction in Compliance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation of Extrajudicial and Judicial Orders of Permission of Cases on Administrative Offenses

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the compliance of the Constitution of the Russian Federation with the norms of the Arbitration Procedural Code of the Russian Federation and the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offences. The conclusion is made about strict compliance with the constitutional provisions of the Arbitration procedural code of the Russian Federation, regulating the judicial procedure for resolving cases of administrative offenses, revealed inconsistence of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses articles 8, 10, 18, 23, 24, 29, 45, 46, 55, 118 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. In order to ensure strict compliance of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offences with the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, it is proposed to transform it into a system of correlating administrative procedural laws (the Code of the Russian Federation of Extrajudicial Proceedings in Cases of Administrative Offenses; the Federal law “On Administrative Control and Supervisory Proceedings (the Code of the Russian Federation on Control and Supervisory Proceedings); the Unified Code of Administrative Procedure of the Russian Federation.). The material norms of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offences are proposed to be separated with the Code of Administrative Responsibility

The Integrative Theory of the Administrative Process is the Only True Basis for Building a Model of the Administrative Process

The article highlights and criticizes two mutually exclusive approaches to understanding the administrative process that currently exist in Russia, which emasculate its complex content, predetermined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. From the system analysis of art. 10, 18, 72, 118, 126, 132 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation the administrative procedure legislation of the Russian Federation is distinguished, which is considered as a single legal basis for the administrative proceedings carried out by the courts (including: the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, courts of general jurisdiction, arbitration courts), and the administrative process carried out by the public administration (including: federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation and local self-government bodies performing administrative and public functions, as well as organizations, which, by virtue of federal law, have the status of a state or other body for the purpose of performing certain administrative and public functions). With this approach, two components are distinguished in the structure of the administrative procedural legislation of the Russian Federation: 1) administrative-procedural legislation that forms the legal basis of judicial administrative proceedings; 2) administrative-procedural legislation that forms the legal basis of executive (non-judicial) judicial administrative proceedings. Developing the information-psychological approach developed in the theory of law, in relation to the scientific knowledge of the administrative process, administrative-indicating legal norms are distinguished, the analysis of which allows us to reveal the content, form and structure of the judicial administrative process, as well as the executive (non-judicial) administrative process and to establish an integrative relationship between them. Using such a scientific technique, the following is distinguished: 1) a group of administrative-indexing norms that establish discretionary (descriptive) information about judicial administrative cases; 2) a group of administrative-indexing norms that establish discretionary (descriptive) information about non-judicial administrative cases. By means of a differentiated analysis of the selected legal norms, it is argued: judicial and extrajudicial administrative cases are separated, differentiated concepts of administrative proceedings and administrative proceedings are introduced, the structure of judicial and executive (extra-judicial) administrative proceedings is revealed. Based on the developed scientific positions, the key proposals for the systematization of the judicial administrative process and the executive (non-judicial) administrative process in Russia are put forward. Summarizing the above, it is concluded that the presented integrative approach to understanding the administrative process and the proposals put forward on its basis for differentiated systematization of judicial and executive (extrajudicial) administrative process are the only true way to develop the Russian model of administrative process

Judicial-Administrative Cases Arising from the Relations of State Control (Supervision): Concept, Types, Problems and Prospects of Administrative-Procedural Regulation

The article on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the modern administrative procedure legislation of the Russian Federation developed the concept of judicial-administrative cases arising from the relations of state control (supervision). The typical types (categories) of judicial-dministrative cases arising from the relations of state control (supervision) and considered by the courts of general jurisdiction, arbitration courts are identified. A proposal was made to develop a special Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, as well as measures to systematize and optimize the procedures of administrative proceedings, aimed at eliminating the uncertainties and conflicts of administrative and procedural regulation of judicial resolution of cases arising from the relations of state control (supervision). are identified. A proposal was made to develop a special Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, as well as measures to systematize and optimize the procedures of administrative proceedings, aimed at eliminating the uncertainties and conflicts of administrative and procedural regulation of judicial resolution of cases arising from the relations of state control (supervision)

EPR-Investigation of Irradiated Imported Foodstuffs and Parameters of EPR Signals

Study by EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) technique of a wide range of food products imported to Kazakhstan and of analogous domestic foodstuffs has been carried out in order to develop a methodic that would make it possible to control the fact of radiation sterilization of food. Elaborated method of sample preparing for EPR-study included dividing into components, removing moisture by drying or lyophilizing then grinding till dimensional work fraction. Selection of optimal conditions for spectra recording and algorithm of spectra treatment enabled authors to allocate correctly initial EPR-signals and to obtain information on shape, intensities and parameters. Model gamma-irradiations of the initial whole products with subsequent study of prepared EPR-specimen have been carried out. Influence of irradiation on the intensities of EPR-signals and possible changes of EPR-characteristics have been studied in dose range (0.1-25) kGy. EPR-signals of free radicals (FR) of radiation origin were obtained from the EPR-spectra of gamma-irradiated delicious fruits, citrus, vegetables and others. Nonmonotonous dependences of FR concentration on a dose, along with linear ones were observed. Intensities of initial signals and of radiation-induced ones are much higher in solid components, than in pulp, dependences on dose are more close to linearity, which can be used in some cases for retrospective EPR-dosimetry. The obtained results can be explained taking into account specificities of the studied objects, and probable impact of radiochemical reactions of the irradiated water products with radicals formed in substances of foodstuff at irradiation

Публичная администрация в Российской Федерации как субъект административного процесса

The subject. Doctrinal approaches that reveal the place and role of public authorities, as well as organizations performing the functions of these authorities in the administrative process carried out in the Russian Federation, the principles and norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, administrative procedural legislation that form the legal basis of the administrative process in Russia.The purpose of the article is scientific substantiation of the integration of non-judicial bodies carrying out the administrative procedure into a special subsystem of public power, called public administration in the Russian Federation.The methodology. Formal logical and dialectical methods as well as private scientific methods such as method of interpretation of legal norms, method of comparative jurisprudence were used.The main results, scope of application. The article reveals the scientifically based content of the integrative approach to understanding the administrative process in contemporary Russia, taking into account the norms of the Russian Constitution and the analysis of existing doctrinal developments of administrative scientists. The article substantiates the structure of the administrative procedural legislation of the Russian Federation ant it’s constituent entities, which includes the judicial administrative process and the executive (non-judicial) administrative process implemented by the public administration (executive authorities, local self-government bodies, other administrative and public bodies). Administrativeindicating legal norms are distinguished, the analysis of which allows us to reveal the content, form, structure of the judicial administrative process and the executive (extra-judicial) administrative process, as well as to establish an integrative relationship between them with the help of such special categories as “judicial administrative case”, “extra-judicial administrative case”, “administrative proceedings”, “administrative proceedings”. A number of key proposals are put forward to systematize the judicial administrative process and the executive (extrajudicial) administrative process in Russia on the basis of developed scientific positions. The article reveals the question of a scientifically based theory for understanding the administrative and public functions of public administration, as well as the system and structure of public administration in modern Russia.Conclusions. The presented integrative approach to understanding the administrative process and its differentiated systematization for the judicial administrative process and the executive (non-judicial) administrative process are the only true way to develop the Russian model of administrative process. The question of the need to systematize the administrative and public functions implemented by the public administration is raised. It is proposed to develop and adopt a federal law “On Public Administration in the Russian Federation”, the authors substantiate the content of the structure of this law.Раскрывается научно-обоснованное содержание интегративного подхода к пониманию административного процесса в современной России с учетом норм Конституции РФ и анализа существующих доктринальных разработок ученых-административистов. Обосновывается структура административно-процессуального законодательства Российской Федерации и ее субъектов, включающая в себя судебный административный процесс и исполнительный (внесудебный) административный процесс, реализуемый публичной администрацией (органами исполнительной власти, органами местного самоуправления, иными административно-публичными органами). Выделяются административно-индицирующие правовые нормы, анализ которых позволяет раскрыть содержание, форму, структуру судебного административного процесса и исполнительного (внесудебного) административного процесса, а также установить интегративную взаимосвязь между ними при помощи таких специальных категорий, как «судебное административное дело», «внесудебное административное дело», «административное судопроизводство», «административное производство». Раскрываются научно обоснованные подходы к пониманию административно-публичных функций публичной администрации, а также системы и структуры публичной администрации в современной России. Поднимается вопрос о необходимости систематизации административно-публичных функций, реализуемых публичной администрацией. Предлагается разработать и принять Федеральный закон «О публичной администрации в Российской Федерации», а также раскрывается его структура. Делается вывод о том, что представленный интегративный подход к пониманию административного процесса – единственно верный путь развития российской модели административного процесса

Административные споры как неотъемлемый элемент современной правовой системы Российской Федерации

The subject. The article is devoted to the study of a wide variety of administrative disputes arising in the Russian legal system, but insufficiently studied by domestic administrative legal science.The purpose of the article is scientific substantiation of the concept, key elements and system of administrative disputes in the Russian Federation, identification of the constitutional foundations for the development of the institute of administrative disputes and proceedings for the resolution of administrative disputes.The methodology of research includes formal logic and systemic approach as well as legal-dogmatic method, method of interpretation of legal norms, method of comparative jurisprudence.The main results, scope of application. An administrative dispute is proposed to be understood as a documented disagreement of a subject of administrative or administrative-procedural legal relations with the decision, action or inaction of a public administration body (official) or another entity implementing or assisting in the implementation of administrative public functions which, in the opinion of the applicant of the dispute violates, infringes or encumbers his subjective right. Such disagreement is addressed to the competent authority (authorized official) of the public administration or the competent court (authorized judge) in order to resolve this disagreement in a special extrajudicial or judicial administrative procedure. The key elements that make it possible to characterize an administrative dispute are: 1) the objects; 2) the matter; 3) the purposefulness of the administrative dispute. The connecting link between the presented elements of an administrative dispute is the subjective right of participants in administrative and administrative-procedural legal relations, or to put it another way – subjective law arising from administrative and administrative-procedural legal relations, which is understood as a collective category combining such a well-known legal structure as "rights, freedoms, legitimate interests", as well as individual elements of the administrative-legal status of the applicant of the dispute, established by the administrative-procedural law, which require extra-judicial or judicial protection in an administrative dispute (first of all, procedural guarantees of innocence and good faith).Conclusions. Administrative disputes primarily arise from administrative and administrative-procedural legal relations that develop during the implementation of administrative public functions by specialized public authorities and authorized organizations, which in a generalized form are proposed to be called public administration bodies. In some cases, administrative disputes arise from administrative and administrative-procedural legal relations in which public administration bodies and their officials do not participate. These administrative disputes arise in connection with the provision of assistance to the public administration in the performance of its administrative public functions.Исследуются административные споры, возникающие в российской правовой системе, однако остающиеся недостаточно изученными отечественной административно-правовой наукой. Учитывая опыт зарубежной доктрины административных споров и опираясь на передовые разработки отечественной административно-правовой науки, в частности используя функциональный подход к пониманию современной системы административных правоотношений, проводится комплексный анализ норм Конституции РФ, устанавливающих основы разрешения административных споров в отечественной правовой системе, а также административно-процессуального законодательства Российской Федерации, сформировавшегося под воздействием данных конституционных норм. В результате проведенного анализа сформулировано определение и предложена теоретическая конструкция административного спора, позволяющая отграничить данные споры от правовых споров, имеющих частноправовой характер, а также иных правовых споров, возникающих в отечественной правовой системе. В целях систематизации административных споров проведено их категорирование с использованием специальных оценочных критериев

Критериальная оценка эффективности токовых конвейеров

В даній статті запропоновано інтегральний критерій оцінки ефективності струмових конвеєрів. Проведено комп’ютерне моделювання струмових конвеєрів на одному, двох і вісімнадцяти транзисторах та порівняння їх ефективності. Показано, що найбільш ефективним для побудови перетворювачів імітанса та інформаційних пристроїв на їх основі є конвеєр струму на одному транзисторі.В данной статье предложен интегральный критерий оценки эффективности токовых конвейеров. Проведено компьютерное моделирование токовых конвейеров на одном, двух и на восемнадцати транзисторах и сравнение их эффективности. Показано, что наиболее эффективным для построения преобразователей иммитанса и информационных устройств на их основе является конвейер тока на одном транзисторе.This paper proposes an integral criterion for assessing the effectiveness of current conveyors. Computer simulation of current conveyors, built on one, two and eighteen transistors and compared their efficiency. It is shown that the most effective for building immittance converters and information devices based on them is the current conveyor on one transistor