State of antioxidant system glutathione – glutathione S-transferase in deep fluoridation of tooth enamel in children with high risk of dental caries

Department of Pediatric Oro-Maxilo-Facial Surgery, Pedodontics and Orthodontics, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolae Testemitsanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Chisinau, the Republic of MoldovaBackground: The high prevalence of dental caries in children determines the relevance of the search of ways to prevent this disease. The goal was a comparative study of the impact of fluor-prevention on the activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and content of glutathione of saliva, which play a protective antioxidant and antitoxic role, in children with high risk for dental caries. Material and methods: The study observed 100 children from 7 to 12 years old, 50 children had severe pathology of central nervous system (CNS). Within three years, all children underwent the preventive measures for dental caries, including oral hygiene, complex of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Additionally for 60 children was conducted deep fluoridation (DF), a combination of laser therapy with DF, and DF with photodynamic therapy (PDT). Results: The activity of GST, the contents of glutathione and total protein in the saliva were determined by spectrophotometric methods. DF of tooth enamel in healthy children reduced the activity of GST in the saliva in the process of observation, in children with disorders of the nervous system activity of the enzyme increased. Combination of DF with laser therapy decreased the activity of GST in the saliva of children with pathology of CNS, and DF with PDT – it increased. Conclusions: Completing of fluor-preventive complex for caries was effective for both healthy children and children with pathology of CNS

Effect of photodynamic therapy on glutathione S-transferase activity in oral liquid of children with high risk of caries

Department of Pediatric Oro-Maxilo-Facial Surgery, Pedodontics and Orthodontics, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Nicolae Testemitsanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, the Republic of MoldovaBackground: Pediatric dentistry is looking for new methods to influence the cariogenic microorganisms of dental biofilm without the use of antiseptics and antibiotics, which often have negative side effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising and effective method to influence on the cariogenic microorganisms without using antiseptics and antibiotics. Material and methods: Forty five children aged 7 to 12 years with high risk of dental caries and pathology of central nervous system were observed during three years of the complex preventive measures, including multivitamins, minerals, antioxidants and PDT of dental biofilm. The activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST), content of reduced glutathione (GSH), thiocyanate (SCN) and total protein in the oral liquid (OL) were determined by spectrophotometry (Diasys Diagnostics, DE). The results were statistically processed using the program Excel Microsoft: Microstat 2007. Results: In three years the protein content in OL of the children was below the initial content in all groups that may be the confirmation of PDT bacteriostatic effect. In all periods of the study significant changes in the content of GSH, thiocyanate and activity of GST in OL in the children were not observed. Conclusions: Our results are indicating that complex preventive measures including the non-invasive method of PDT were effective, without any negative side effects and had bacteriostatic action. These complex preventive measures may be recommended for children with high risk of caries and pathology of CNS

Факторы, которые влияют на здоровье мигрантов

School of Management in Public Health, Nicolae Testemitanu State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Congresul III al Medicilor de Familie din Republica Moldova, 17–18 mai, 2012, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Conferinţa Naţională „Maladii bronhoobstructive la copii”, consacrată profesorului universitar, doctor habilitat Victor Gheţeul, 27 aprilie, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaMigrant’s health has been and remains one of the most important issues on the political agenda of the Republic of Moldova. The impact of migration on migrant’s health is still very poorly studied. Given study is only one approach to some aspects of the migrant’s health.Здоровье мигрантов было и остается одним из наиболее важных вопросов в политической повестке дня Республики Молдова. Влияние миграции на здоровье мигрантов по-прежнему весьма слабо изученo. Предложенное исследование является только одним из подходов к некоторым аспектам здоровья мигрантов

Correlation between dental caries and quality of life in children

Introduction. Measuring quality of life at an individual level can provide important data on health status and the effects of healthcare services. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of caries and its treatment on quality of life (QoL) in school-aged children. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional prospective study was carried out within the Department of Pediatric Oral-Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Pedodontics Ion Lupan of the Nicolae Testemitanu SUMPh. The research group (L1) consisted of 70 children with dental caries. In the control group (L0) 70 children free of dental caries were included. For QoL assessment, the Child-Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (Child-OIDP) questionnaire was applied. The study was conducted in accordance with ethical requirements with the written consent of the children's parents. The Spearman ρ (rho) coefficient, calculated via nonparametric rank correlation test, was used to determine the correlation between tooth decay degree and its impact on children's QoL. The Child-OIDP self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and data was analyzed using Epi-Info. Results. A total of 140 students responded, of whom 49.2% experienced at least one impact. The most affected performances were eating (22.3%), followed by smiling (18.5%) and emotional state (6.5%), and the least affected daily activities were playing (0.8%) and schoolwork (1.1%). The main causes were bleeding gums (39.3%), injury (26.8%) and sensitivity (33.7%), and adolescents reported an average of 1.5 pathologies as perceived causes of impact. Conclusion. A significant positive association of very high, high and moderate intensity was established between the indicators of dental caries and the impact of the oral health status on QoL. The high prevalence of dental caries' impact on children's QoL indicates their increased treatment needs and insufficient access to dental care. Estimating the impact of oral health status on daily performance is important for the creation of health policies that address the needs of the population

Estimation rapide de vitesse à base de triades de filtres de Gabor

Les méthodes fréquentielles d'estimation de vitesse dans les séquences d'images fournissent des flux optiques de qualité, mais sont réputées gourmandes en calculs. Nous présentons une nouvelle méthode fréquentielle qui repose sur quatre estimations de vitesse unidimensionnelle. Chaque estimation 1D est réalisée en combinant directement les réponses énergétiques d'une triade de filtres de Gabor spatio-temporels. Ce modèle possède deux propriétés essentielles : il représente un maillon important dans la chaîne de traitement du système visuel, et constitue un algorithme rapide et efficace

Some epidemiologic approaches of disability on the international level

Territorial Medical Association Botanica, School of Public Health, Nicolae Testemitsanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Territorial Council for Determining Disability and Work Capacity, Chisinau, the Republic of MoldovaBackground: Disability is a complex multidimensional experience that puts a number of problems when you want to measure them. Approaches to the measurement of disability vary between countries and influence the results. Material and methods: A scientific literature review was conducted focused on epidemiologic approach of disability. The analysis is based on 53 sources of international authors. Results: Operational measures of disability vary according to: the purpose and implementation of mentality data on disability, disability issues examined – damage, activity limitations, participation restrictions, related health conditions, environmental factors, definitions, reporting sources, data collection methods, and expectations about the operation. Though, there is some standard measurement like Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY), Years of Life Lost (YLL), Years Lived with Disability (YLD). Conclusions: It is reasonable to start the measurement of disability in the Republic of Moldova through such indicators as DALY, YLL, YLD its playing dimensions of the phenomenon. The epidemiological impact of disabled people is high, including the medical and the social aspects, and finally the authorities actions needed to be directed to prevent the disability

Treatment of acute limb ischemia (ALI) in patients with COVID-19 infection: assessment of outcomes

Scopul lucrării. Analiza rezultatelor tratamentului IAE la bolnavii cu infecție cu coronavirus de tip nou (COVID-19). Materiale și metode. În perioada iulie/2020 – aprilie/2023 au fost tratați 62 pacienți; vârsta – 70 (25%-75%IQR 65-74) ani; bărbați – 40 (64,5%). IAE a survenit la 67 extremități: superioare (19/28,3%), inferioare (48/71,6%). Timpul debut IAE–spitalizare: 48,8±58,5 ore. Repartizarea cazurilor în funcție de gradul IAE (Rutherford): I – 7 (10,4%), IIA – 10 (14,9%), IIB – 34 (50,7%), III – 16 (23,8%). Etiologia IAE: tromboză (43/64,1%), embolie (22/32,8%), anevrism periferic trombozat (2/2,9%). Pentru diagnosticarea IAE s-au utilizat selectiv: duplex scanarea (20/32,2%), CT-angiografia (16/25,8%), angiografia cu substracție digitală (1/1,6%). COVID-19 s-a confirmat prin testul polymerase chain reaction (PCR), la 45 (72,5%) pacienți fiind documentată afectarea pulmonară. Rezultate. Tratamentului chirurgical au fost supuși 50/80,6% pacienți (52 membre); 12/19,3% (15 extremități) – tratați conservator (anticoagulante). Spectrul intervențiilor: embol- (22) și tromb-ectomie (18), bypass (2), trombectomie+tromboliză intraoperatorie (1), tratament endovascular (1) și amputație primară (8). În 10 (19,2%) cazuri s-a intervenit repetat pentru retromboză: amputație (5) sau trombectomie (5), asociată în 2 observații cu tromboliză intraoperatorie. Rata amputațiilor pe durata spitalizării (9,4±9 zile) – 19,4% (n=13); rata decesului – 43,5% (n=27), fiind influențată semnificativ de prezența sau absența afectării pulmonare – 55,5% vs. 11,7% (P=0,002; testul χ²). Către follow-up-ul de 21 (25%-75%IQR 19-28) luni rata supraviețuirii per general și fără amputații: 56,4% (n=35) și 57,1% (24/42), corespunzător. Concluzii. IAE la bolnavii cu COVID-19 se asociază cu rată elevată de amputații și deces, corelată cu prezența injuriei pulmonare. Abordul curativ convențional nu asigură rezultate clinice optime, frecvența retrombozei fiind înaltă.Aim of study. Analysis of results of ALI treatment in patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Materials and methods. Between July/2020 and April/2023, 62 patients were treated; age – 70 (25%-75%IQR 65-74) years; males – 40 (64.5%). ALI occurred in 67 extremities: upper (19/28.3%), lower (48/71.6%). ALI onset–hospital admission time: 48.8±58.5 hours. Distribution of cases (Rutherford): grade I – 7 (10.4%), IIA – 10 (14.9%), IIB – 34 (50.7%), III – 16 (23.8%). Etiology of ALI: thrombosis (43/64.1%), embolism (22/32.8%), thrombosed peripheral aneurysm (2/2.9%). Duplex scanning (20/32.2%), CTangiography (16/25.8%), digital subtraction angiography (1/1.6%) were selectively used for diagnostic purposes. COVID-19 was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test; acute lung injury being documented in 45 (72.5%) patients. Results. Fifty/80.6% patients (52 limbs) underwent surgery; 12/19.3% (15 extremities) – treated conservatively (anticoagulants). Spectrum of interventions: embol- (22) and thromb-ectomy (18), bypass (2), thrombectomy+intraoperative thrombolysis (1), endovascular treatment (1), primary amputation (8). In 10 (19.2%) cases repeated surgery was performed for early re-thrombosis: amputation (5) or thrombectomy (5), associated in 2 observations with intraoperative thrombolysis. Amputation rate during hospitalization (9.4±9 days) – 19.4% (n=13); while mortality rate was 43.5% (n=27), being influenced by presence or absence of lung injury – 55.5% vs. 11.7% (P=0.002; χ² test). At 21 (25%-75%IQR 19-28) months follow-up the overall and amputation-free survival rate was 56.4% (35/62) and 57.1% (24/42), respectively. Conclusions. ALI in COVID-19 patients is associated with a high rate of amputations and death, correlated with the presence of lung injury. Conventional curative approach does not ensure optimal clinical results, frequency of re-thrombosis being high

Intercomparison of NO2, O4, O3 and HCHO slant column measurements by MAX-DOAS and zenith-sky UV¿visible spectrometers during CINDI-2

40 pags., 22 figs., 13 tabs.In September 2016, 36 spectrometers from 24 institutes measured a number of key atmospheric pollutants for a period of 17¿d during the Second Cabauw Intercomparison campaign for Nitrogen Dioxide measuring Instruments (CINDI-2) that took place at Cabauw, the Netherlands (51.97¿¿N, 4.93¿¿E). We report on the outcome of the formal semi-blind intercomparison exercise, which was held under the umbrella of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) and the European Space Agency (ESA). The three major goals of CINDI-2 were (1) to characterise and better understand the differences between a large number of multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) and zenith-sky DOAS instruments and analysis methods, (2) to define a robust methodology for performance assessment of all participating instruments, and (3) to contribute to a harmonisation of the measurement settings and retrieval methods. This, in turn, creates the capability to produce consistent high-quality ground-based data sets, which are an essential requirement to generate reliable long-term measurement time series suitable for trend analysis and satellite data validation. The data products investigated during the semi-blind intercomparison are slant columns of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), the oxygen collision complex (O4) and ozone (O3) measured in the UV and visible wavelength region, formaldehyde (HCHO) in the UV spectral region, and NO2 in an additional (smaller) wavelength range in the visible region. The campaign design and implementation processes are discussed in detail including the measurement protocol, calibration procedures and slant column retrieval settings. Strong emphasis was put on the careful alignment and synchronisation of the measurement systems, resulting in a unique set of measurements made under highly comparable air mass conditions. The CINDI-2 data sets were investigated using a regression analysis of the slant columns measured by each instrument and for each of the target data products. The slope and intercept of the regression analysis respectively quantify the mean systematic bias and offset of the individual data sets against the selected reference (which is obtained from the median of either all data sets or a subset), and the rms error provides an estimate of the measurement noise or dispersion. These three criteria are examined and for each of the parameters and each of the data products, performance thresholds are set and applied to all the measurements. The approach presented here has been developed based on heritage from previous intercomparison exercises. It introduces a quantitative assessment of the consistency between all the participating instruments for the MAX-DOAS and zenith-sky DOAS techniques.CINDI-2 received funding from the Netherlands Space Office (NSO). Funding for this study was provided by ESA through the CINDI-2 (ESA contract no. 4000118533/16/ISbo) and FRM4DOAS (ESA contract no. 4000118181/16/I-EF) projects and partly within the EU 7th Framework Programme QA4ECV project (grant agreement no. 607405). The BOKU MAX-DOAS instrument was funded and the participation of Stefan F. Schreier was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): I 2296-N29. The participation of the University of Toronto team was supported by the Canadian Space Agency (through the AVATARS project) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (through the PAHA project). The instrument was primarily funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation and is usually operated at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) by the Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC). Funding for CISC was provided by the UVAS (“Ultraviolet and Visible Atmospheric Sounder”) projects SEOSAT/INGENIO, ESP2015-71299- R, MINECO-FEDER and UE. The activities of the IUP-Heidelberg were supported by the DFG project RAPSODI (grant no. PL 193/17-1). SAOZ and Mini-SAOZ instruments are supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). INTA recognises support from the National funding projects HELADO (CTM2013-41311-P) and AVATAR (CGL2014-55230-R). AMOIAP recognises support from the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 16-17-10275) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant nos. 16-05- 01062 and 18-35-00682). Ka L. Chan received transnational access funding from ACTRIS-2 (H2020 grant agreement no. 654109). Rainer Volkamer recognises funding from NASA’s Atmospheric Composition Program (NASA-16-NUP2016-0001) and the US National Science Foundation (award AGS-1620530). Henning Finkenzeller is the recipient of a NASA graduate fellowship. Mihalis Vrekoussis recognises support from the University of Bremen and the DFG Research Center/Cluster of Excellence “The Ocean in the Earth System-MARUM”. Financial support through the University of Bremen Institutional Strategy in the framework of the DFG Excellence Initiative is gratefully appreciated for Anja Schönhardt. Pandora instrument deployment was supported by Luftblick through the ESA Pandonia Project and NASA Pandora Project at the Goddard Space Flight Center under NASA Headquarters’ Tropospheric Composition Program. The article processing charges for this open-access publication were covered by BK Scientific

Nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde measurements from the GEOstationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO-CAPE) Airborne Simulator over Houston, Texas

The GEOstationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events (GEO-CAPE) Airborne Simulator (GCAS) was developed in support of NASA's decadal survey GEO-CAPE geostationary satellite mission. GCAS is an airborne push-broom remote-sensing instrument, consisting of two channels which make hyperspectral measurements in the ultraviolet/visible (optimized for air quality observations) and the visible–near infrared (optimized for ocean color observations). The GCAS instrument participated in its first intensive field campaign during the Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) campaign in Texas in September 2013. During this campaign, the instrument flew on a King Air B-200 aircraft during 21 flights on 11 days to make air quality observations over Houston, Texas. We present GCAS trace gas retrievals of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (CH2O), and compare these results with trace gas columns derived from coincident in situ profile measurements of NO2 and CH2O made by instruments on a P-3B aircraft, and with NO2 observations from ground-based Pandora spectrometers operating in direct-sun and scattered light modes. GCAS tropospheric column measurements correlate well spatially and temporally with columns estimated from the P-3B measurements for both NO2 (r2 = 0.89) and CH2O (r2 = 0.54) and with Pandora direct-sun (r2 = 0.85) and scattered light (r2 = 0.94) observed NO2 columns. Coincident GCAS columns agree in magnitude with NO2 and CH2O P-3B-observed columns to within 10&thinsp;% but are larger than scattered light Pandora tropospheric NO2 columns by 33&thinsp;% and direct-sun Pandora NO2 columns by 50&thinsp;%.</p

Estimation du mouvement par filtrages spatio-temporels recursifs

Nous présentons une méthode fréquentielle de calcul du flot optique à base de filtres spatio-temporels de Gabor, inspirée de l'architecture introduite par Heeger en 1987. Cette méthode, dite de filtrages combinés, associe des filtres de sélectivités différentes. Elle permet ainsi d'estimer un flot optique de qualité en s'appuyant sur la détermination préalable des masques des objets en mouvement. Nous proposons une implantation récursive très efficace des filtres de Gabor 3D permettant de réduire le volume de calculs