Genetic Engineering In BioButanol Production And Tolerance

ABSTRACT The growing need to address current energy and environmental problems has sparked an interest in developing improved biological methods to produce liquid fuels from renewable sources. Higher-chain alcohols possess chemical properties that are more similar to gasoline. Ethanol and butanol are two products which are used as biofuel. Butanol production was more concerned than ethanol because of its high octane number. Unfortunately, these alcohols are not produced efficiently in natural microorganisms, and thus economical production in industrial volumes remains a challenge. The synthetic biology, however, offers additional tools to engineer synthetic pathways in user-friendly hosts to help increase titers and productivity of bio-butanol. Knock out and over-expression of genes is the major approaches towards genetic manipulation and metabolic engineering of microbes. Yet there are TargeTron Technology, Antisense RNA and CRISPR technology has a vital role in genome manipulation of C.acetobutylicum. This review concentrates on the recent developments for efficient production of butanol and butanol tolerance by various genetically engineered microbes

International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences RESEARCH ARTICLE ARTICALTICLE MICROBIOLOGY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF FIVE MEDICINAL PLANTS AGAINST MYROTHECIUM SP Corresponding Author

Medicinal plants are various plants thought by some to have medicinal properties, but few plants or their phytochemical constituents have been proven by rigorous science to have medicinal effects. Phytochemicals are non-nutritive plant chemicals that have protective or disease preventive properties. The main objective of the study is to isolate and identify the organism present in the infected bitter gourd leaves with NCBI BLAST homology and it was identified as organism belonging to Myrothecium sp., (Accession no. HM219863). Five medicinal plants, viz Indigofera tinctoria, Piper nigum, Curcuma longa, Polygala elongata and Polygala glabra in different solvent extracts are used in this study shows a good control to the growth of fungi Myrothecium sp., and all the five medicinal plants extracts were screened for their phytochemical content. Qualitative phytochemical tests were used to detect the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides and phenols. Presence of these phytochemicals in the medicinal plants indicates the presence of disease preventive properties against Myrothecium sp., This article can be downloaded from www.ijpbs.ne

Rutin Ameliorates Methotrexate Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats

PURPOSE: To investigate the possible protective effect of rutin on methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity in rats. METHODS: Twenty-two rats were divided into three experimental groups; Control-saline, Mtx, Mtx+Rutin. Hepatic tissue was taken for histological assessment and biochemical assays. Oxidative stress parameters malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were investigated. Liver markers aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were analyzed in serum. RESULTS: Mtx+Rutin group showed lower histological injury compared to Mtx group, MDA and ALT levels were increased, while SOD and GSH-Px were decreased in Mtx group compared with Control-saline group. MDA and ALT levels were increased, while SOD and GSH-Px were decreased in Mtx group, compared with Mtx + Rutin group. Serum AST levels were similar among the groups. CONCLUSION: Rutin may be a potential adjuvant drug to reduce the hepatic side effects observed during Mtx therapy for various clinical conditions.WoSScopu