Analisis Faktor Keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan Pada Ternak Sapi Bali di Kecamatan Atambua Selatan Kabupaten Belu

This research was conducted in South Atambua District, Belu Regency for 5 months. The purpose of this study was to determine the success factors of artificial insemination of bali cattle in Atambua Selatan District. In this study using a survey method, data collection was done by interview and observation. The population of acceptors in this study amounted to 50 farmers with 523 cattle. The variables observed in this study were the characteristics of the breeder, the pattern of livestock rearing, the number of livestock ownership, Service Per Conception (S/C), Conception Rate (CR), and Calving Interval (CI). The results showed that the success rate of Artificial Insemination in Atambua Selatan District was based on Service per Conception with an average S/C value of 1.77; The Conception Rate is 48.63% and the Calving interval is 413.20 months. Factors that influence the success rate of Artificial Insemination in Atambua Selatan District based on Service Per Conception, Conception Rate and Calving interval, namely semen quality, inseminator skills, estrus detection and reporting estrus, AI techniques, feed quality and quantity.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Atambua Selatan, Kabupaten Belu selama 5 bulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan Sapi Bali di Kecamatan Atambua Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey; pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Populasi akseptor dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 50 peternak dengan jumlah ternak 523 ekor. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah karakteristik peternak, pola pemeliharaan ternak, jumlah kepemilikan ternak, Service Per Conception (S/C), Conception Rate (CR), dan Calving Interval (CI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan di Kecamatan Atambua Selatan berdasarkan Service per Conception dengan nilai S/C rata-rata 1,77, Conception Rate sebesar 48,63%, dan Calving Interval sebesar 413,20 bulan. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat keberhasilan inseminasi buatan di Kecamatan Atambua Selatan berdasarkan Service Per Conception, Conception Rate, dan Calving Interval terdiri dari kualitas semen, keterampilan inseminator, deteksi birahi dan pelaporan birahi, teknik IB, serta kualitas dan kuantitas pakan

An Automated Contact Tracing Approach for Controlling Covid-19 Spread Based on Geolocation Data From Mobile Cellular Networks

The coronavirus (COVID-19) has appeared as the greatest challenge due to its continuous structural evolution as well as the absence of proper antidotes for this particular virus. The virus mainly spreads and replicates itself among mass people through close contact which unfortunately can happen in many unpredictable ways. Therefore, to slow down the spread of this novel virus, the only relevant initiatives are to maintain social distance, perform contact tracing, use proper safety gears, and impose quarantine measures. But despite being conceptually possible, these approaches are very difficult to uphold in densely populated countries and areas. Therefore, to control the virus spread, researchers and authorities are considering the use of smartphone based mobile applications (apps) to identify the likely infected persons as well as the highly risky zones to maintain isolation and lockdown measures. However, these methods heavily depend on advanced technological features and expose significant privacy loopholes. In this article, we propose a new method for COVID-19 contact tracing based on mobile phone users' geolocation data. The proposed method will help the authorities to identify the number of probable infected persons without using smartphone based mobile applications. In addition, the proposed method can help people take the vital decision of when to seek medical assistance by letting them know whether they are already in the list of exposed persons. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly outperform the smartphone app-based solutions

Neurometabolite alterations in traumatic brain injury and associations with chronic pain

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to a variety of comorbidities, including chronic pain. Although brain tissue metabolite alterations have been extensively examined in several chronic pain populations, it has received less attention in people with TBI. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to compare brain tissue metabolite levels in people with TBI and chronic pain ( n = 16), TBI without chronic pain ( n = 17), and pain-free healthy controls ( n = 31). The metabolite data were obtained from participants using whole-brain proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ( 1 H-MRSI) at 3 Tesla. The metabolite data included N -acetylaspartate, myo -inositol, total choline, glutamate plus glutamine, and total creatine. Associations between N -acetylaspartate levels and pain severity, neuropathic pain symptom severity, and psychological variables, including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and post-concussive symptoms, were also explored. Our results demonstrate N -acetylaspartate, myo -inositol, total choline, and total creatine alterations in pain-related brain regions such as the frontal region, cingulum, postcentral gyrus, and thalamus in individuals with TBI with and without chronic pain. Additionally, NAA levels in the left and right frontal lobe regions were positively correlated with post-concussive symptoms; and NAA levels within the left frontal region were also positively correlated with neuropathic pain symptom severity, depression, and PTSD symptoms in the TBI with chronic pain group. These results suggest that neuronal integrity or density in the prefrontal cortex, a critical region for nociception and pain modulation, is associated with the severity of neuropathic pain symptoms and psychological comorbidities following TBI. Our data suggest that a combination of neuronal loss or dysfunction and maladaptive neuroplasticity may contribute to the development of persistent pain following TBI, although no causal relationship can be determined based on these data