Isoscaling in Light-Ion Induced Reactions and its Statistical Interpretation

Isotopic effects observed in fragmentation reactions induced by protons, deuterons, and alpha particles of incident energies between 660 MeV and 15.3 GeV on 112-Sn and 124-Sn targets are discussed. The exponential scaling of the yield ratios with the third component of the fragment isospin (N-Z)/2 is observed in all reactions, with scaling parameters that depend on the incident energy. Breakup temperatures for these reactions are deduced from double ratios of isotopic yields and tested for their relation with the isoscaling parameters. The quantum statistical (QSM) and the statistical multifragmentation (SMM) models are used for interpreting the results. The observed isoscaling can be understood as a consequence of a statistical origin of the emitted fragments in these reactions. The SMM analysis shows that the exponent describing the isoscaling behavior is proportional to the strength of the symmetry term of the fragment binding energy. Using this result, a symmetry-term coefficient (approximately 22.5 MeV) for fragments at breakup is deduced from the experimental data. This is close to the standard value and supports SMM assumptions for the breakup configuration. An alternative method of determining the symmetry-energy coefficient, by using isotope distribution widths, is also discussed

Long-time behavior of MHD shell models

The long time behavior of velocity-magnetic field alignment is numerically investigated in the framework of MHD shell model. In the stationary forced case, the correlation parameter C displays a nontrivial behavior with long periods of high variability which alternates with periods of almost constant C. The temporal statistics of correlation is shown to be non Poissonian, and the pdf of constant sign periods displays clear power law tails. The possible relevance of the model for geomagnetic dynamo problem is discussed.Comment: 6 pages with 5 figures. In press on Europhysics Letter

New criteria of morphological assessment of the prognosis of the prostate cancer

New criteria of morphological assessment of the prognosis of the patients with a prostate cancer recommended for application of WHO in 2016 are presented. Prospects of the offered criteria on material of the oncology clinic of Udmurtia are shown.В работе представлены новые критерии морфологической оценки прогноза пациентов с раком предстательной железы, рекомендованных к применению ВОЗ в 2016 году. Показана перспективность предложенных критериев на материале онкологического диспансера в Удмуртии

Impact of preoperative mild cognitive impairment on cerebrovascular events and cognitive status in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: data from 5-year follow-up

Aim. To assess the incidence of cerebrovascular events and cognitive status in the long-term period after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with and without preoperative mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Material and methods. This prospective study involved 115 patients aged 45 to 69 years, who were admitted to the hospital for elective on-pump CABG. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory, ultrasound, neuroimaging and neuropsychological examination 3-5 days before and 5-7 years after CABG. Cognitive functioning was assessed using screening neuropsychological scales and neuropsychological testing with an assessment of neurodynamics, attention and short-term memory. Pre-CABG MCI was diagnosed based on the criteria by R. Petersen et al. Therefore, the patients were divided into two groups: with (n=51) and without MCI (n=64).Results. It was found that strokes and dementia during the long-term postoperative period of CABG were observed only in the group of patients with preoperative MCI (7,84%). Five-seven years after CABG, a decrease in cognitive status according to neuropsychological scales was found in all patients (p≤0,05). A decrease in neurodynamics, attention and short-term memory compared to the preoperative level was found in 47,92% of patients with preoperative MCI, without MCI — in 40,63%. Neurodynamic disorders occurred equally frequently in both groups (63,8% and 57,8% of patients, respectively). Memory impairments were more often observed in patients with MCI (55,3%) compared to those without MCI (34,4%) (OR=2,36, 95% CI, 1,09-5,12, p=0,03). According to brain multislice computed tomography in the group with preoperative MCI, the number of patients with cysts and leukoaraiosis 5-7 years after CABG was higher than in those without MCI (p≤0,05).Conclusion. In the long-term (5-7 years) postoperative period of CABG, more than 40% of patients demonstrate a decrease in cognitive status, regardless of preoperative data. At the same time, preoperative MCI is associated with adverse cerebrovascular events and dementia, accompanied by morphological brain abnormalities. Due to the revealed facts, it is necessary to optimize approaches to drug treatment and secondary prevention of cognitive decline after cardiac surgery

Morphological diagnostics of adrenals tumors

The analysis of morphological diagnostic of adrenals tumors during 2013-2016 is provided. There were 20 men and 50 women. Average age of men 62,7, women – 51,7. Tumors of adrenal cortex met in 31 cases, a medullar – in 39 cases. The histological and the immunohistochemical research were conducted. Malignant tumors consists of 23 observations. For their assessment used the following criteria – a polymorphism of cells, an invasion of the capsule, vessels and perineural space, existence of the focus of a necrosis, size of a mitotic index, and also an index of proliferative activity (Ki 67). Grade- stading of tumors was carried out.Приведен анализ морфологической диагностики опухолей надпочечников за 2013-2016 годы. Мужчин было 20, женщин 50. Средний возраст мужчин составил 62,7, женщин – 51,7. опухоли коры встретились в 31 наблюдении, мозгового слоя – в 39. Проведено гистологическое и иммуногистохимическое исследование. Злокачественные опухоли составили 23 наблюдения. для их оценки использовали следующие критерии – полиморфизм клеток, инвазия капсулы, сосудов и периневрального пространства, наличие очагов некроза, величина митотического индекса, а также индекс пролиферативной активности (Ki 67). Проведено Grade- стадирование опухолей

Effects of sample mass and macrofossil type on radiocarbon dating of arctic and boreal lake sediments

Dating lake sediments by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) {sup 14}C analysis of plant macrofossils overcomes one of the main problems associated with dating bulk sediment samples, the presence of old organic matter. Even so, many AMS dates from arctic and boreal sites appear to misrepresent the age of the sediment. To understand the nature of these apparent dating anomalies better, we conducted a series of {sup 14}C dating experiments using samples from Alaskan and Siberian lake-sediment cores. First, to test whether our analytical procedures introduced a sample-mass bias, we obtained {sup 14}C dates for different-sized pieces of single woody macrofossils. In these sample-mass experiments, sized statistically equivalent ages were found for samples as small as 0.05 mg C. Second, to assess whether macrofossil type influenced dating results, we conducted sample-type experiments in which {sup 14}C dates were obtained for different macrofossil types sieved from the same depth in the sediment. We dated materials from multiple levels in sediment cores from Upper Capsule Lake (North Slope, northern Alaska) and Grizzly Lake (Copper River Basin, southern Alaska), and from single depths in other records from northern Alaska. In several of the experiments there were significant discrepancies between dates for different plant tissues, and in most cases wood and charcoal were older than other macrofossil types, usually by several hundred years. This pattern suggests that {sup 14}C dates for woody macrofossils may misrepresent the age of the sediment by centuries, perhaps due to their longer terrestrial residence time and the potential in-built age of long-lived plants. This study identifies why some {sup 14}C dates appear to be inconsistent with the overall age-depth trend of a lake-sediment record, and it may guide the selection of {sup 14}C samples in future studies

Интраоперационная фотодинамическая терапия и гипертермическая внутрибрюшная химиотерапия при циторедуктивном хирургическом лечении больных диссеминированной муцинозной карциномой аппендикса

The article presents the experience of surgical treatment of 57 patients with peritoneal pseudomyxoma of appendicular genesis. In 32 (56.1%) patients, the operation was supplemented with intraoperative photodynamic therapy (IOPDT). In the other 25 (43.9%) patients, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) was performed. The analysis according to the value of the peritoneal carcinomatosis index, completeness of cytoreduction, the volume of operations performed, postoperative complications and hospital mortality, as well as long-term treat- ment results in two groups is presented. It was shown that with significantly worse results in terms of cytoreduction completeness obtained in the IOPDT group compared to the HIPEC group, the 5-year survival rate in the HIPEC group was 86.6%, with IOPDT - 65.2%. At the same time, in the IOPDT group, the rate of postoperative complications was significantly lower (11.1%), and there was no mortality; in the HIPEC group, these indicators were 23.8% and 12.0%, respectively. The results obtained indicate that the IOPDT method is an effective and promising direction in the surgical treatment of peritoneal pseudomyxoma.В статье представлен опыт хирургического лечения 57 больных псевдомиксомой брюшины аппендикулярного генеза. У 32 (56,1%) пациентов операция дополнена интраоперационной фотодинамической терапией (ИОФДТ), у других 25 (43,9%) больных проведена гипертермическая внутрибрюшная химиотерапия (ГИВХ). Представлен анализ по величине индекса перитонеального канцероматоза, полноте циторедукции, обьему выполненных операций, послеоперационным осложнениям и госпитальной летальности, отдаленным результатам лечения в двух группах. Показано, что при достоверно худших результатах по показателям полноты циторедукции, полученных в группе ИОФДТ по сравнению с группой ГИВХ, 5-летняя выживаемость в группе с ГИВХ составила 86,6%, с ИОФДТ – 65,2%. При этом в группе ИОФДТ был достоверно ниже показатель послеоперационных осложнений (11,1%) и отсутствовала  летальность, в группе ГИВХ эти показатели составили 23,8% и 12,0%, соответственно. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что метод ИОФДТ является эффективным и перспективным для использования при хирургическом лечении псевдомиксомы брюшины

Isospin influences on particle emission and critical phenomenon in nuclear dissociation

Features of particle emission and critical point behavior are investigated as functions of the isospin of disassembling sources and temperature at a moderate freeze-out density for medium-size Xe isotopes in the framework of isospin dependent lattice gas model. Multiplicities of emitted light particles, isotopic and isobaric ratios of light particles show the strong dependence on the isospin of the dissociation source, but double ratios of light isotope pairs and the critical temperature determined by the extreme values of some critical observables are insensitive to the isospin of the systems. Values of the power law parameter of cluster mass distribution, mean multiplicity of intermediate mass fragments ($IMF$), information entropy ($H$) and Campi's second moment ($S_2$) also show a minor dependence on the isospin of Xe isotopes at the critical point. In addition, the slopes of the average multiplicites of the neutrons ($N_n$), protons ($N_p$), charged particles ($N_{CP}$), and IMFs ($N_{imf}$), slopes of the largest fragment mass number ($A_{max}$), and the excitation energy per nucleon of the disassembling source ($E^*/A$) to temperature are investigated as well as variances of the distributions of $N_n$, $N_p$, $N_{CP}$, $N_{IMF}$, $A_{max}$ and $E^*/A$. It is found that they can be taken as additional judgements to the critical phenomena.Comment: 9 Pages, 8 figure