Role of Celosia polygonoids juss. in the experimental model of inflammation in wistar rats

Inflammation is a prevalent and debilitating disease that affects the human beings vigorously. The study was intended to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of whole plant of Celosia polygonoids (EECP). EECP constituting phytoconstituents to treat adjuvant induced inflammation rats to minimize the side effects. The anti-inflammatory activity study was carried out by using adjuvant induced model, cotton pellet, croton oil, formaldehyde, histamine and serotonin induced oedema of Wistar albino strain rats. EECP was injected at different doses such as 100 and 300 mg/kg/i.p., and the study was compared with standard drug Indomethacin (10 g/kg).  The results obtained from the above methods were subjected to statistical analysis. The study was conducted paw volume for an each interval time and days carried out. The plant has various phytoconstituents such as reducing sugars, flavonoids saponins, starch, and steroids. Significantly one among those phytoconstituents lessens to oedema of the rodents.  The EECP showed the maximum inhibitory activity at (300 mg/kg/i.p.) by dose dependent manner. These inhibitions were statistically significant (

Effect of post weld heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of gas tungsten arc welded Al0.3CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy

The authors gratefully acknowledge ECR-SERB (grant number ECR/2017/001278 ) for funding the project and FE-SEM & TEM facility at Department of MSME, IIT Hyderabad . We thank Chenna Krishna for providing the starting material and we also thank Radha Ambe for discussions in the manuscript. JPO acknowledges funding by national funds from FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P. , in the scope of the projects LA/P/0037/2020 , UIDP/50025/2020 and UIDB/50025/2020 of the Associate Laboratory Institute of Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication – i3N. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)In this work, a single-phase Al0.3CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy is successfully joined by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Microstructural analysis revealed the presence of equiaxed grains and annealing twins in the base material, while the same FCC structure with coarse grains and columnar dendrites are identified in the heat-affected zone and fusion zones, respectively. Further, post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) of the welded joint at 1100 °C for 1hr facilitates the formation of B2/BCC precipitates in the FCC matrix. The as-received material showed an ultimate tensile strength of 570 MPa and elongation of 83 %. The joint efficiency is 82 %, which is attributed to the large grain size that developed in the fusion zone. The PWHT material had an improved joint efficiency of 92 %, attributed to BCC/B2 precipitates forming within the FCC matrix. This research highlights the role of PWHT in obtaining high-performing HEA joints.publishersversionpublishe

Effect of double-side welding on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical performance of dissimilar AA6061-AA5052 aluminium alloys

In this study, cold metal transfer (CMT) based double-side welding process was employed to weld AA5052-H32 and AA6061-T6 plates having a thickness of 6 mm. The microstructure and mechanical integrity of the weldment was examined systematically. Symmetric and defect free joint with full penetration was achieved. The multiple heating and cooling cycles during CMT welding did not affect the weldment while the microstructure comprised of columnar and equiaxed dendrites and the heat affected zone (HAZ) width was < 50 µm at all interfaces. Precipitates such as Al3Mg2, Mg2Si, and α-Al(FeMn)Si were observed in the fusion zone. Intergranular Al-Si eutectic structure along with few microliquefaction cracks were noticed in the α-Al matrix. The maximum tensile properties for double-side welded joint were 214 MPa and 12.30 % with a joint efficiency of 70.68 %. Tensile specimens underwent ductile fracture in the weaker AA5052-H32 side with confined plastic deformation

Process-microstructural features for tailoring fatigue strength of wire arc additive manufactured functionally graded material of SS904L and Hastelloy C-276

Many engineered components on subjecting to critical environments require properties that slightly differs with location in the fabricated part. The inadequate understanding of wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process-microstructural features correlation brings interests on the structural reliability of functionally graded materials (FGM), which limits the extensive use of this cutting edge technology. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) based WAAM process was adopted to fabricate the FGM of super austenitic stainless steel SS904L and Hastelloy C-276 with excellent bonding. The micrographs revealed that the WAAM processed FGM was mainly composed of columnar and equiaxed dendrites and had noticeable inhomogeneous features along the built direction. Tensile test results of sample along the built direction revealed a yield strength of 311.08 MPa and tensile strength of 680.73 MPa. Cyclic loading results depicted that the WAAM processed FGM has a fatigue resistance of 156 Mpa after sustaining 2 × 106 cycles. As a result of the varying microstructural characteristics along the built direction, the failure was initiated and fractured at the SS904L weaker region. © 2020 Elsevier B.V

An Effective Strategy for the Synthesis of Biocompatible Gold Nanoparticles Using Cinnamon Phytochemicals for Phantom CT Imaging and Photoacoustic Detection of Cancerous Cells

This is a post-print version of the Pharmaceutical Research Article. The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com. DOI 10.1007/s11095-010-0276-6Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to explore the utilization of cinnamon coated gold nanoparticles (Cin-AuNPs) as CT/optical contrast enhancement agent for detection of cancer cells. Methods: Cin-AuNPs were synthesized by a “Green” procedure and the detailed characterization has been performed by physic-chemical analysis. Cytotoxicity and cellualar uptake studies were carried out in normal human fibroblast and cancerous (PC-3 and MCF-7) cells respectively. The efficacy of detecting cancerous cells was monitored using photoacoustic technique. In vivo biodistribution was studied after IV injection of Cin-AuNPs in mice and a CT phantom model was generated. Results: Biocompatible Cin-AuNPs were synthesized with high purity. Significant uptake of these gold nanoparticles was observed in PC-3 and MCF-7 cells. Cin-AuNPs internalized in cancerous cells facilitate detectable photoacoustic signals. In vivo biodistribution in normal mouse shows steady accumulation of gold nanoparticles in lungs and rapid clearance from blood. Quantitative analysis of CT values in phantom model reveals that the cinnamon phytochemicals coated AuNPs has reasonable attenuation efficiency. Conclusions: The results indicate that these non-toxic Cin-AuNPs can serve as excellent CT/ photoacoustic contrast enhancement agents and may provide a novel approach toward the tumor detection through nanopharmaceuticals.This work has been supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute under the Cancer Nanotechnology Platform program (grant number: 5R01CA119412-01), NIH - 1R21CA128460-01; NIH-SBIR-Contract no. 241, and University of Missouri-Research Board - Program C8761 RB 06-030

Intrinsic electrochemical activity of single walled carbon nanotube–Nafion assemblies

The intrinsic electrochemical properties and activity of single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) network electrodes modified by a drop-cast Nafion film have been determined using the one electron oxidation of ferrocene trimethyl ammonium (FcTMA+) as a model redox probe in the Nafion film. Facilitated by the very low transport coefficient of FcTMA+ in Nafion (apparent diffusion coefficient of 1.8 × 10−10 cm2 s−1), SWNTs in the 2-D network behave as individual elements, at short (practical) times, each with their own characteristic diffusion, independent of neighbouring sites, and the response is diagnostic of the proportion of SWNTs active in the composite. Data are analysed using candidate models for cases where: (i) electron transfer events only occur at discrete sites along the sidewall (with a defect density typical of chemical vapour deposition SWNTs); (ii) all of the SWNTs in a network are active. The first case predicts currents that are much smaller than seen experimentally, indicating that significant portions of SWNTs are active in the SWNT–Nafion composite. However, the predictions for a fully active SWNT result in higher currents than seen experimentally, indicating that a fraction of SWNTs are not connected and/or that not all SWNTs are wetted completely by the Nafion film to provide full access of the redox mediator to the SWNT surface