624 research outputs found
Transformed Dissipation in Superconducting Quantum Circuits
Superconducting quantum circuits must be designed carefully to avoid
dissipation from coupling to external control circuitry. Here we introduce the
concept of current transformation to quantify coupling to the environment. We
test this theory with an experimentally-determined impedance transformation of
and find quantitative agreement better than a factor of 2 between
this transformation and the reduced lifetime of a phase qubit coupled to a
tunable transformer. Higher-order corrections from quantum fluctuations are
also calculated with this theory, but found not to limit the qubit lifetime. We
also illustrate how this simple connection between current and impedance
transformation can be used to rule out dissipation sources in experimental
qubit systems.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
The Special Needs of Women on College Campuses
The authors embarked on a journey to understand the special needs of women college students. They discovered two major themes that were explored in greater depth in an attempt to explain why these themes were more specific to college women than other populations. Although these needs may be extrapolated to other populations of college students they were of particular concern to the female college student population. The authors began by selecting a non-scientific restricted pool of female college students than spanned first-year, second-year and junior or third-year students. This student sample was interviewed to discover their concerns or perceptions about violence and sexual discrimination against women on college campuses. The interview questions and responses were abbreviated and included, followed by a discussion of each theme.
The interview subjects stated that violence was not a major concern however; they did offer suggestions to improve safety. This led the authors to conclude that although they did not explicitly state violence as a concern it remains an implicit concern. The second theme explored was discrimination based on gender. The interviewed sample had a varied response to having been the victim of gender discrimination. Of greater concern was the perception of what constituted gender harassment, what procedures and processes were in place and available to respond to these occurrences and how to report an incident
State tomography of capacitively shunted phase qubits with high fidelity
We introduce a new design concept for superconducting quantum bits (qubits)
in which we explicitly separate the capacitive element from the Josephson
tunnel junction for improved qubit performance. The number of two-level systems
(TLS) that couple to the qubit is thereby reduced by an order of magnitude and
the measurement fidelity improves to 90%. This improved design enables the
first demonstration of quantum state tomography with superconducting qubits
using single shot measurements.Comment: submitted to PR
Reducing Courts’ Failure-to-Appear Rate by Written Reminders
This article examines the effectiveness of using different kinds of written reminders to reduce misdemeanor defendants’ failure- to-appear (FTA) rates. A subset of defendants was surveyed after their scheduled court date to assess their perceptions of procedural justice and trust and confidence in the courts. Reminders reduced FTA overall, and more substantive reminders (e.g., with information on the negative consequences of FTA) were more effective than a simple reminder. FTA varied depending on several offense and offender characteristics, such as geographic location (urban vs. rural), type of offense, and number of offenses. The reminders were somewhat more effective for Whites and Hispanics than for Blacks. Defendants with higher institutional confidence and those who felt they had been treated more fairly by the criminal justice system were more likely to appear, though the effectiveness of the reminder was greatest among misdemeanants with low levels of trust in the courts. The implications for public policy and pretrial services are discussed
Improving the Coherence Time of Superconducting Coplanar Resonators
The quality factor and energy decay time of superconducting resonators have
been measured as a function of material, geometry, and magnetic field. Once the
dissipation of trapped magnetic vortices is minimized, we identify surface
two-level states (TLS) as an important decay mechanism. A wide gap between the
center conductor and the ground plane, as well as use of the superconductor Re
instead of Al, are shown to decrease loss. We also demonstrate that classical
measurements of resonator quality factor at low excitation power are consistent
with single-photon decay time measured using qubit-resonator swap experiments.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures for the main paper; total 5 pages, 6 figures
including supplementary material. Submitted to Applied Physics Letter
Reduced phase error through optimized control of a superconducting qubit
Minimizing phase and other errors in experimental quantum gates allows higher
fidelity quantum processing. To quantify and correct for phase errors in
particular, we have developed a new experimental metrology --- amplified phase
error (APE) pulses --- that amplifies and helps identify phase errors in
general multi-level qubit architectures. In order to correct for both phase and
amplitude errors specific to virtual transitions and leakage outside of the
qubit manifold, we implement "half derivative" an experimental simplification
of derivative reduction by adiabatic gate (DRAG) control theory. The phase
errors are lowered by about a factor of five using this method to per gate, and can be tuned to zero. Leakage outside the qubit
manifold, to the qubit state, is also reduced to for
faster gates.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures with 2 page supplementa
Generation of Three-Qubit Entangled States using Superconducting Phase Qubits
Entanglement is one of the key resources required for quantum computation, so
experimentally creating and measuring entangled states is of crucial importance
in the various physical implementations of a quantum computer. In
superconducting qubits, two-qubit entangled states have been demonstrated and
used to show violations of Bell's Inequality and to implement simple quantum
algorithms. Unlike the two-qubit case, however, where all maximally-entangled
two-qubit states are equivalent up to local changes of basis, three qubits can
be entangled in two fundamentally different ways, typified by the states
and . Here we demonstrate the operation of three coupled
superconducting phase qubits and use them to create and measure
and states. The states are fully characterized
using quantum state tomography and are shown to satisfy entanglement witnesses,
confirming that they are indeed examples of three-qubit entanglement and are
not separable into mixtures of two-qubit entanglement.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures. Version 2: added supplementary information and
fixed image distortion in Figure 2
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