Electroweak Model Independent Tests for SU(3) Symmetry in Hadronic B Decays

We study effects of new physics beyond the Standard Model on SU(3) symmetry in charmless hadronic two body B decays. It is found that several equalities for some of the decay amplitudes, such as $A(B_d (B_u) \to \pi^+\pi^-,\pi^+ K^- (\pi^- \bar K^0)) =A(B_s \to K^+ \pi^-, K^- K^+ (K^0 \bar K^0))$, $A(B_d \to \pi^+\rho^-, \pi^- \rho^+, K^-\rho^+, \pi^+ K^{*-}) = A(B_s \to K^+ \rho^-, \pi^- K^{*+}, K^- K^{*+}, K^+ K^{*-})$, $A(B_d (B_u) \to \rho^+\rho^-, \rho^+ K^{*-}(\rho^- \bar K^{*0})) =A(B_s \to K^{*+} \rho^-, K^{*-} K^{*+} (K^{*0} \bar K^{*0}))$, predicted by SU(3) symmetry in the SM are not affected by new physics. These relations provide important electroweak model independent tests for SU(3) symmetry in B decays.Comment: 4 pages, revte

Weak Phase gamma Using Isospin Analysis and Time Dependent Asymmetry in B_d -> K_s pi^+ pi^-

We present a method for measuring the weak phase gamma using isospin analysis of three body B decays into K pi pi channels. Differential decay widths and time dependent asymmetry in B_d -> K_s pi^+pi^- mode needs to be measured into even isospin pi pi states. The method can be used to extract gamma, as well as, the size of the electroweak penguin contributions. The technique is free from assumptions like SU(3) or neglect of any contributions to the decay amplitudes. By studying different regions of the Dalitz plot, it is possible to reduce the ambiguity in the value of gamma.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figur

A method for determining CP violating phase γ\gamma

A new way of determining the phases of weak amplitudes in charged $B$ decays based on SU(3) symmetry is proposed. The CP violating phase $\gamma$ can now be determined without the previous difficulty associated with electroweak penguins.Comment: 9 pages plus one figure, Revte

Data Driven Surrogate Based Optimization in the Problem Solving Environment WBCSim

Large scale, multidisciplinary, engineering designs are always difficult due to the complexity and dimensionality of these problems. Direct coupling between the analysis codes and the optimization routines can be prohibitively time consuming due to the complexity of the underlying simulation codes. One way of tackling this problem is by constructing computationally cheap(er) approximations of the expensive simulations, that mimic the behavior of the simulation model as closely as possible. This paper presents a data driven, surrogate based optimization algorithm that uses a trust region based sequential approximate optimization (SAO) framework and a statistical sampling approach based on design of experiment (DOE) arrays. The algorithm is implemented using techniques from two packages—SURFPACK and SHEPPACK that provide a collection of approximation algorithms to build the surrogates and three different DOE techniques—full factorial (FF), Latin hypercube sampling (LHS), and central composite design (CCD)—are used to train the surrogates. The results are compared with the optimization results obtained by directly coupling an optimizer with the simulation code. The biggest concern in using the SAO framework based on statistical sampling is the generation of the required database. As the number of design variables grows, the computational cost of generating the required database grows rapidly. A data driven approach is proposed to tackle this situation, where the trick is to run the expensive simulation if and only if a nearby data point does not exist in the cumulatively growing database. Over time the database matures and is enriched as more and more optimizations are performed. Results show that the proposed methodology dramatically reduces the total number of calls to the expensive simulation runs during the optimization process

Effects of R-parity violation on direct CP violation in B decays and extraction of γ\gamma

In the standard model, direct CP-violating asymmetries for $B^\pm \to \pi^\pm K$ are roughly 2% based on perturbative calculation. Rescattering effects might enhance it to at most (20-25)%. We show that lepton-number-violating couplings in supersymmetric models without R-parity are capable of inducing as large as 100% CP asymmetry in this channel. Such effects drastically modify the allowed range of the CKM parameter $\gamma$ arising from the combinations of the observed charged and neutral B decays in the $\pi K$ modes. With a multichannel analysis in B decays, one can either discover this exciting new physics, or significantly improve the existing constraints on it.Comment: Latex, 5 pages; minor changes, to appear in Phys Rev Let

Mapping the Dirac point in gated bilayer graphene

We have performed low temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements on exfoliated bilayer graphene on SiO2. By varying the back gate voltage we observed a linear shift of the Dirac point and an opening of a band gap due to the perpendicular electric field. In addition to observing a shift in the Dirac point, we also measured its spatial dependence using spatially resolved scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The spatial variation of the Dirac point was not correlated with topographic features and therefore we attribute its shift to random charged impurities.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure

Spatially resolved spectroscopy of monolayer graphene on SiO2

We have carried out scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements on exfoliated monolayer graphene on SiO$_2$ to probe the correlation between its electronic and structural properties. Maps of the local density of states are characterized by electron and hole puddles that arise due to long range intravalley scattering from intrinsic ripples in graphene and random charged impurities. At low energy, we observe short range intervalley scattering which we attribute to lattice defects. Our results demonstrate that the electronic properties of graphene are influenced by intrinsic ripples, defects and the underlying SiO$_2$ substrate.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, extended versio

Constraints on the phase γ\gamma and new physics from B→KπB\to K\pi Decays

Recent results from CLEO on $B\to K\pi$ indicate that the phase $\gamma$ may be substantially different from that obtained from other fit to the KM matrix elements in the Standard Model. We show that $\gamma$ extracted using $B\to K\pi, \pi\pi$ is sensitive to new physics occurring at loop level. It provides a powerful method to probe new physics in electroweak penguin interactions. Using effects due to anomalous gauge couplings as an example, we show that within the allowed ranges for these couplings information about $\gamma$ obtained from $B\to K \pi, \pi\pi$ can be very different from the Standard Model prediction.Comment: Revised version with analysis done using new data from CLEO. RevTex, 11 Pages with two figure